Kinetic and mass mixing with three abelian groups

Abstract

We present the possible mixing effects associated with the low-energy limit of a Standard-Model extension by two abelian gauge groups U(1)_1 x U(1)_2. We derive general formulae and approximate expressions that connect the gauge eigenstates to the mass eigenstates. Applications using the well-studied groups U(1)_B, U(1)_(B-L), U(1)_(L_alpha - L_beta) (L_alpha being lepton flavor numbers), and U(1)_DM (a symmetry acting only on the dark matter sector) are discussed briefly.

Comments: 8 pages, references added, matches published version