Bose-Einstein Condensation of Pions

Abstract

Particle number fluctuations are studied in the ideal pion gas approaching Bose-Einstein condensation. Two different cases are considered: Bose condensation of pions at large charge densities ${\rho }_Q$ and Bose condensation at large total densities of pions ${\rho }_{\pi }$. Calculations are done in grand canonical, canonical and microcanonical ensembles. At high collision energy, in the samples of events with a fixed number of all pions, $N_{\pi }$, one may observe a prominent signal. When $N_{\pi }$ increases the scaled variances for particle number fluctuations of both neutral and charged pions increase dramatically in the vicinity of the Bose-Einstein condensation line. As an example, the estimates are presented for $p+p$ collisions at the beam energy of 70 GeV.

Comments: Proceedings of 4th International Workshop Critical Point and Onset of Deconfinement, July 9 - 13, 2007, Darmstadt, Germany