Nuclear Theory·nucl-th

Thursday·July 2, 2026

14 papers—8 primary·6 cross-listed

01
[Submitted on 30 Jun 2026]
High-order perturbative calculations of nuclear ground states: Automated evaluation of many-body diagrams
Zhen Li🇩🇪 · Alexander Tichai🇩🇪 · Achim Schwenk🇩🇪 · Nadezda A. Smirnova🇫🇷
We advance the many-body perturbation theory (MBPT) calculations of the ground-state energy and radius of closed-shell nuclei beyond third order. Using automated diagram generation and evaluation up to fifth order, we present ground-state properties of selected closed-shell nuclei up to $^{78}$ Ni with two- and three-nucleon interactions derived from chiral effective field theory. A clear convergence trend is observed for the ground-state energy enabling calculations at improved accuracy. We further investigate in detail the decomposition of the fourth-order contributions. For the ground-state energy, the magnitude of the fourth-order contribution is typically less than half of the third order, and a typical cancellation among different classes of diagrams is observed. Finally, we perform a comprehensive comparison between MBPT and non-perturbative in-medium similarity renormalization group (IMSRG) calculations, with the goal to provide insight into many-body uncertainties associated with the IMSRG(2) truncation.
Comments:
15 pages, 13 figures
Subjects:
Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
arXiv:
2607.00119 [pdf]
1 citation
02
[Submitted on 1 Jul 2026]
Spin Femtoscopy: A Framework for Revealing Genuine Spin Correlations
Kehao Zhang🇨🇳 · Xuan Wang🇨🇳 · Xiaofeng Luo🇨🇳
Spin correlations are among the most fundamental quantum observables in many-body systems, yet they remain difficult to access experimentally in relativistic heavy-ion collisions. Existing spin measurements, including hyperon polarization and vector-meson spin alignment, have revealed important single-particle spin phenomena, but genuine two-particle spin correlations in the produced hadronic system remain largely unexplored. Here we propose spin femtoscopy, a framework for accessing genuine two-particle spin correlations through spin-resolved femtoscopic measurements. The key principle is that different two-particle spin configurations can give rise to different femtoscopic correlation functions because of quantum statistics, spin-dependent final-state interactions. Using $ΛΛ$ pairs as a proof of principle, we exploit the self-analyzing weak decay of $Λ$ hyperons to construct spin-sensitive femtoscopic correlation functions with different singlet and triplet admixtures. We show that these observables provide experimental access to the spin-state populations of the pair and allow genuine spin correlations to be separated from spin-dependent femtoscopic mixing caused by quantum statistics and final-state interactions. This work extends femtoscopy from a probe of source geometry and final-state interactions to a framework for revealing the quantum spin structure of strongly interacting matter.
Comments:
7 pages, 4 figures
Subjects:
Nuclear Theory (nucl-th); High Energy Physics — Experiment (hep-ex); High Energy Physics — Phenomenology (hep-ph); Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex); Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
arXiv:
2607.00413 [pdf]
3 citations
03
[Submitted on 1 Jul 2026]
Astrophysical S-factor Calculation for p-p Fusion Reaction
Arushi Sharma · Ishwar Kant · O.S.K.S. Sastri
The current S-factor calculations for weak pp interaction involve the determination of low-energy penetration probability using the bare Coulomb Gamow factor, which renders the nature and shape of actual interaction to be insignificant. In this work, the astrophysical S-factor is obtained utilizing the WKB action integral evaluated over the inverse scattering potential for the S-wave of pp-interaction, which does not involve bare Coulomb interaction in it. The np and pp inverse potentials are constructed using the phase function method by providing a reference potential consisting of three smoothly combined Morse functions, whose model parameters are optimized using a genetic algorithm to minimize the mean-squared error between the obtained and expected scattering phase shifts. The overlap integral between the bound-state deuteron and the scattering state of pp S-wave has been evaluated at different energies all the way up to 0.0001 MeV, and corresponding fusion cross-sections are determined. The WKB action integral has been computed at all energies without any approximations. Finally, the S-factor at various energies are calculated, and S(0) has been obtained using a supervised neural network. The value of S(0) obtained using our methodology involving complete evaluation of WKB action integral without approximations is $(0.1261 \pm 0.0043) \times 1 0^{- 25}$ , which is almost one order of magnitude lower than the currently accepted values using various methods. The inverse potentials constructed using the reference potential approach, which does not involve explicit consideration of nuclear $&$ Coulomb interaction, resulting in a finite range of pp-interaction, have been successful in providing a new estimate for the astrophysical s-factor that depends on the nature and shape of the actual potentials.
Comments:
22 pages, 8 figures, 6 tables
Subjects:
Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
arXiv:
2607.00487 [pdf]
0 citations
04
[Submitted on 1 Jul 2026]
Long Time Energy Oscillation Between Electron Shell and Nucleus in $^{229}$ Th Ions and Coherent Electron Bridge for Nuclear Quantum Battery
E. V. Tkalya🇷🇺
The electron shell of the Thorium ion with the $M$ 1(8.4~eV) transition between levels and the doublet of the $^{229}$ Th nucleus ground state with the similar transition represent two qubits spatially inserted one within the other. In the case of relative proximity of the energies of these transitions, weakly damped energy oscillations can be excited between qubits, namely, multiple coherent energy transfer from the electron shell to the nucleus and vice versa. This process in the $^{229}$ Th ions does not require resonant (within the width of the levels) coincidence of the transition energies due to the relatively high interaction energy of the electron and nuclear currents. The electron shell ``breathes'', periodically decreasing and increasing in size. The effect can be observed in an ion trap by the intensity of light scattered by thorium-229 ions. This extends the energy range for the $^{229 m}$ Th $(3/ 2^{+}, 8.4$ ~eV) isomer excitation via an electron bridge. Furthermore, the system under consideration is transformed into a nuclear quantum battery when exposed to coherent laser radiation. To ``charge'' the battery, i.e. to excite $^{229 m}$ Th, one can use developed methods for charging quantum batteries, in particular, coherent excitation of the electron shell followed by coherent transfer of excitation energy to the nucleus (the coherent electron bridge). This opens the way for the design of the $^{229}$ Th nuclear quantum battery at the current level of technological development.
Comments:
8 pages, 4 figures
Subjects:
Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
arXiv:
2607.00607 [pdf]
0 citations
05
[Submitted on 1 Jul 2026]
Elastic deuteron-deuteron scattering within Nuclear Lattice Effective Field Theory
Helen Meyer🇩🇪 · Serdar Elhatisari🇹🇷 · Fabian Hildenbrand🇩🇪 · Ulf-G. Meißner🇩🇪
We calculate low-energy deuteron-deuteron scattering in the spin-quintet $^{5} S_{2}$ channel using nuclear lattice effective field theory. The calculation combines chiral interactions at next-to-next-to-next-to-leading order, implemented through wavefunction matching, with the adiabatic projection method. Because the radial cluster basis develops small norm-matrix eigenvalues at large Euclidean projection time, we investigate two stabilization procedures: Tikhonov regularization and projection onto well-resolved norm eigenmodes. The two procedures yield consistent Coulomb-subtracted phase shifts within their statistical and numerical uncertainties. A Coulomb-modified effective-range analysis gives $^{5} a_{dd} = (12.96 \pm 0.26) fm$ and $^{5} r_{dd} = (3.62 \pm 0.79) fm$ . The phase shifts are more negative, and the scattering length is substantially larger than in previous calculations, corresponding to a stronger effective repulsion in the $^{5} S_{2}$ channel. These results provide a first nuclear-lattice benchmark for deuteron-deuteron scattering and establish a basis for future coupled-channel calculations of the deuteron-induced reactions relevant to big-bang nucleosynthesis.
Subjects:
Nuclear Theory (nucl-th); High Energy Physics — Lattice (hep-lat)
arXiv:
2607.00681 [pdf]
0 citations
06
[Submitted on 1 Jul 2026]
Dipolar flow of identified hadrons at mid-rapidity using transport models
Abhisek Praharaj🇮🇳 · Aradhana Panday🇮🇳 · Sandeep Chatterjee🇮🇳 · Md Nasim
We report a transport model study of the rapidity even component of dipolar flow, $v_{1}^{even}$ , for identified charged hadrons at mid-rapidity in Au+Au collisions at $s_{N N} = 27 - 200$ GeV. The analysis is performed using the AMPT model, with comparisons to HIJING to quantify non-flow contributions. The $v_{1}^{even}$ of identified hadrons ( $π$ , $K$ , and $p$ ) shows no significant difference between particles and anti-particles at $s_{N N} = 200$ GeV. However, a clear splitting between proton and anti-proton $v_{1}^{even}$ develops with decreasing beam energy, while no corresponding difference is observed for mesons ( $π^{\pm}$ and $K^{\pm}$ ). A comparison of the AMPT string melting and default configurations shows that the splitting arises only in the string melting scenario, where partonic interactions and quark coalescence play a dominant role. These results indicate that the proton-antiproton difference in $v_{1}^{even}$ is sensitive to baryon transport and early-stage partonic dynamics. Our study highlights the potential of identified-particle $v_{1}^{even}$ measurements at RHIC Beam Energy Scan energies as a novel probe of baryon stopping and the evolution of the partonic medium.
Comments:
7 figures
Subjects:
Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
arXiv:
2607.00703 [pdf]
0 citations
07
[Submitted on 1 Jul 2026]
Purifying one-neutron removal as a probe of single-particle strength
Erxi Xiao · Guangshuai Li · Yu Yang · Long Zhu · Jianwei Zhao · Jun Su · Baohua Sun
One-neutron removal reactions exhibit a strong proton-neutron asymmetry dependence in the inclusive reduction factor $R_{s}$ , a long-standing issue that has been discussed in terms of both possible intrinsic isospin dependence of single-particle strength and reaction-mechanism effects. We address this issue by reframing inclusive removal as a coupled fast-dynamics and deexcitation process, and by validating this transport-deexcitation chain against a global, mutually constraining data set. Confronting 73 one-neutron removal cross sections and 28 residue parallel-momentum distributions with isospin-dependent quantum molecular dynamics followed by GEMINI evaporation shows that the apparent $R_{s}$ - $Δ S$ trend is correlated with evaporation feeding and evaporation loss. By subtracting the feeding contribution and correcting for the loss component in the measured cross sections, we construct a purified reduction factor $R_{dir}$ , that more closely reflects single-particle strength than the inclusive $R_{s}$ . The resulting $R_{dir}$ exhibits a much weaker $Δ S$ dependence within current uncertainties, consistent with the weak isospin-asymmetry dependence observed in nucleon-transfer and quasifree-knockout systematics.
Comments:
6 pages, 4 figures; Supplemental Material: 25 pages
Subjects:
Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
arXiv:
2607.01078 [pdf]
PLB(2026)·0 citations
08
[Submitted on 1 Jul 2026]
Semi-regularised three-body pseudopotential for mean-field and beyond-mean-field calculations
Valentin Guillon🇫🇷 · Michael Bender🇫🇷 · Karim Bennaceur🇫🇷 · Philippe Da Costa🇫🇷
We derive the most general form of a local leading-order semi-regularised three-body pseudopotential. This particular form of pseudopotential is developed with the aim of generating contributions to the nuclear energy density functional (EDF) in both the particle-hole and particle-particle channels and, hence, to be usable in mean-field and beyond-mean-field calculations without ambiguities or mathematical difficulties. Once the EDF is obtained, analytical expressions of commonly considered properties of infinite nuclear matter are provided. Finally, the structure of the EDF and the associated mean fields are given for spherically-symmetric systems.
Comments:
28 pages, 2 tables
Subjects:
Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
arXiv:
2607.01190 [pdf]
0 citations
09
[Submitted on 30 Jun 2026] (cross-list from hep-ph)
Putting Jet Substructure on Track(s)
Kyle Lee🇺🇸 · Ian Moult🇺🇸 · Wouter J. Waalewijn🇳🇱
One of the main advances in analysis strategies at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) has been the ability to study the detailed structure of energy flow within high transverse momentum jets, a field referred to as jet substructure. Jet substructure has provided new ways to search for new physics, measure Standard Model parameters, and study the dynamics of the strong nuclear force. To push to the next level of precision, and to make measurements of increasingly subtle correlations, requires exquisite angular resolution achieved through the use of tracking information. In this paper we leverage recent progress in our understanding of factorization theorems and renormalization group techniques to present the first complete calculations of jet substructure observables at the LHC on tracks. We compute projected energy correlators up to four points at next-to-leading collinear logarithmic accuracy, matching the state of the art for jet substructure observables, but extending to tracks. This marks a significant step in enhancing the collider physics program, enabling precise and systematically improvable comparisons between experimental measurements and theoretical calculations, made possible by the exceptional angular resolution of tracking.
Comments:
5 pages, 5 figures
Subjects:
High Energy Physics — Phenomenology (hep-ph); High Energy Physics — Experiment (hep-ex); Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
arXiv:
2607.00087 [pdf]
3 citations
10
[Submitted on 1 Jul 2026] (cross-list from hep-ph)
Effective Color Dipole Approach to Color Transparency in $ρ^{0}$ Electroproduction
Tae Keun Choi🇰🇷 · Kook-Jin Kong🇰🇷 · Byung-Geel Yu🇰🇷
We investigate nuclear transparency in exclusive $ρ^{0}$ electroproduction on $^{12}$ C and $^{56}$ Fe nuclei within a multi-channel final-state interaction (FSI) framework that explicitly incorporates the kinematic decay length effect (DLE) arising from the short-lived $ρ^{0} \to π^{+} π^{-}$ decay. The purely kinematic and nuclear mechanisms prove insufficient to account for the CLAS data: the DLE alone cannot generate the observed $Q^{2}$ -dependent enhancement, and the inclusion of nuclear shadowing further deepens the disagreement, so that a compensating reduction of the in-medium attenuation -- the hallmark of color transparency (CT) -- is required. To incorporate the color dynamics of the initially compact $q q ˉ$ configuration, we replace the empirical Quantum Diffusion Model (QDM) ansatz for the initial interaction cross section $σ_{h} (Q^{2})$ of the point-like configuration (PLC) by an effective Color Dipole Model (CDM) boundary condition, evaluated through a normalized dipole-weighted $γ^{*} \to ρ^{0}$ transition overlap. Combined with the standard linear QDM transport at an effective in-medium expansion scale $Δ m^{2} = 0.3$ ~GeV $^{2}$ , the CDM boundary condition reproduces both the magnitude and the $Q^{2}$ dependence of the data for both targets. A $χ^{2}$ analysis quantifies the pronounced separation between the non-CT and CT-based descriptions and thereby supports the onset of color transparency in the $ρ^{0}$ channel beyond what kinematic decay-length effects can accommodate.
Comments:
7 pages, 4 figures
Subjects:
High Energy Physics — Phenomenology (hep-ph); Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
arXiv:
2607.00566 [pdf]
0 citations
11
[Submitted on 1 Jul 2026] (cross-list from hep-ph)
Gluon radiation from a QCD antenna with realistic parton-medium interactions
Carlota Andrés🇫🇷 · Liliana Apolinário🇵🇹 · Néstor Armesto🇪🇸 · André Cordeiro🇵🇹 · Fabio Domínguez🇫🇷 · Pablo Guerrero-Rodríguez🇵🇹 · José Guilherme Milhano🇵🇹
The spectrum of coherent gluon radiation from a quark-antiquark pair undergoing multiple scatterings within a colored medium is central for understanding in-medium parton cascades. However, current efforts are constrained by reliance on a number of approximations, such as the harmonic oscillator approximation, that are only valid within limited regions of phase space. In this paper, we circumvent this problem by expressing the full in-medium gluon emission spectrum as a set of differential equations that can be solved numerically. This formalism, previously applied to the case of medium-induced radiation off a single color charge, allows to resum medium interactions to all orders while employing realistic scattering models. The resulting angle and energy distributions of emitted gluons serve to illustrate the breakdown of color coherence across the entire accessible phase-space, and constitute a definite step towards a higher-precision description of jet observables.
Comments:
34 pages, 5 figures, references updated
Subjects:
High Energy Physics — Phenomenology (hep-ph); Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
arXiv:
2607.00629 [pdf]
0 citations
12
[Submitted on 1 Jul 2026] (cross-list from physics.hist-ph)
In Memoriam: Igal Talmi (1925-2026)
Amiram Leviatan · Avraham Gal
A brief obituary of Igal Talmi (1925-2026) focusing on his scientific heritage. Published in Nuclear Physics News 36 (2026) 39-40.
Comments:
2 pages, 1 figure
Subjects:
History and Philosophy of Physics (physics.hist-ph); Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex); Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
arXiv:
2607.00787 [pdf]
Nucl.Phys.News(2026)·0 citations
13
[Submitted on 1 Jul 2026] (cross-list from nucl-ex)
Nuclear electromagnetic moments by spin-precession methods
Georgi Georgiev🇫🇷 · Dimiter L. Balabanski🇷🇴 · Andrew E.Stuchbery🇦🇺 · Hideki Ueno🇯🇵
Nuclear moment studies carried out with spin-precession methods at and after the turn of the millennium are critically assessed. A period of about 30 years is covered, during which much of} the focus of nuclear structure research shifted from high-spin physics to studies of neutron-rich exotic nuclei. The formalism for the extraction of nuclear moments is described. The $β$ -nuclear magnetic resonance/nuclear quadrupole resonance ( $β$ -NMR/NQR), the time-dependent perturbed angular distribution (TDPAD), the transient field, the recoil-in-vacuum (RIV), and the tilted-foils methods for measurements of nuclear magnetic dipole and electric quadrupole moments are described in detail, as well as the requirements for their application in studies of exotic nuclei. The impact of nuclear-moment measurements on the understanding of key topics of nuclear structure research is discussed. {Key results on short-lived states, mainly from transient-field measurements, are reviewed. Included are comparisons with large-basis shell model calculations, discussions on the nature of weakly-collective nuclei, insights into emerging collectivity away from closed shells, and electromagnetic properties of odd- $A$ rotors.} In the field of high-spin physics, research related to high-spin yrast and $K$ isomers, superdeformation, magnetic, anti-magnetic, and chiral rotation is covered. In neutron-rich exotic nuclei, studies related to the $N = 20$ , $N = 28$ and $N = 40$ ``islands of inversion'', the structure of nuclei around $^{68 - 78}$ Ni and $^{132}$ Sn, and in the $A \sim 100$ mass region are discussed.
Comments:
Review paper, 336 pages, 71 figures, 957 references
Subjects:
Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex); Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
arXiv:
2607.00900 [pdf]
1 citation
14
[Submitted on 1 Jul 2026] (cross-list from hep-ph)
Shedding light on the nature of $ϕ (2170)$ with the parton and hadron cascade model PACIAE
Jian Cao🇨🇳 · Wen-Chao Zhang🇨🇳 · Bo Feng🇨🇳 · Ya-Hui Hou🇨🇳 · An-Ke Lei🇨🇳 · Zhi-Lei She🇨🇳 · Hua Zheng🇨🇳 · Li-Lin Zhu🇨🇳 · Dai-Mei Zhou🇨🇳 · Yu-Liang Yan🇨🇳 · Ben-Hao Sa🇨🇳
The nature of $ϕ (2170)$ remains open. We simulate its production in $e^{+} e^{-}$ collisions at $s = 4.95$ GeV using PACIAE 4.0, which sequentially generates the final partonic state (FPS) and the final hadronic state (FHS). While previous studies have interpreted $ϕ (2170)$ as an $ss s ˉ s ˉ$ or a $u u ˉ s s ˉ$ state, the $U (1)$ anomaly coupling allows non-strange quarks to couple to a vector $s s ˉ$ component via soft-gluon interactions. This motivates us to also explore the $d d ˉ s s ˉ$ tetraquark configuration. In addition, we consider $ϕ (2170)$ as an excited strangeonium state, an $s s ˉ g$ hybrid state, a $Λ ˉ Λ$ bound state, and a $ϕ K^{+} K^{-}$ resonance state. The strangeonium, hybrid, and tetraquark candidates are formed by coalescing their constituent partons in the FPS using the dynamically constrained phase-space coalescence model. The $Λ ˉ Λ$ and $ϕ K^{+} K^{-}$ states are produced via recombination of their constituent hadrons in the FHS. We calculate the orbital angular momentum quantum number of each candidate in its rest frame and perform spectral classification. Given $J^{P C} = 1^{--}$ , $ϕ (2170)$ can be interpreted as a $D$ -wave $s s ˉ$ , a $P$ -wave $s s ˉ g$ , a $P$ -wave $u u ˉ s s ˉ / d d ˉ s s ˉ / ss s ˉ s ˉ$ , an $S$ -wave $Λ ˉ Λ$ , or an $S$ -wave $ϕ K^{+} K^{-}$ state. The yields of the $D$ -wave $s s ˉ$ , $P$ -wave $s s ˉ g$ , $u u ˉ s s ˉ$ and $d d ˉ s s ˉ$ states are of order $1 0^{- 4}$ ; those for the $S$ -wave $Λ ˉ Λ$ and $ϕ K^{+} K^{-}$ states are of order $1 0^{- 5}$ ; while the $P$ -wave $ss s ˉ s ˉ$ yield is of order $1 0^{- 6}$ . Moreover, significant discrepancies are observed in the rapidity distributions and the $p_{T}$ spectra among the various candidates. These discrepancies could serve as valuable criteria for unraveling the nature of $ϕ (2170)$ .
Comments:
8 pages, 3 tables, 2 figures. Some modifications are made in section II
Subjects:
High Energy Physics — Phenomenology (hep-ph); Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
arXiv:
2607.01075 [pdf]
0 citations

Affiliations

first authorsco-authorsvia INSPIRE