Nuclear Theory·nucl-th

Friday·May 1, 2026

14 papers—9 primary·5 cross-listed

01
Unmasking Hidden Wigner's Symmetry from First Principles
Phong Dang🇺🇸 · Daniel Langr🇨🇿 · Tomas Dytrych🇺🇸 · Jerry P. Draayer🇺🇸 · David Kekejian🇺🇸
We present quantitative evidence that high-quality internucleon forces derived from $χ$ EFT exhibit a striking dominance of Wigner's supermultiplet symmetry, without invoking the large- $N_{c}$ limit of QCD or assumptions about specific nuclei. We trace the manifestation of this symmetry in nuclear structure using the \textit{ab initio} Symmetry Adapted Model (SAM) and identify suppressed spin-isospin polarizability. Our calculations show that a majority of $^{4} He$ , $^{6} Li$ , and $^{6} He$ wave functions is concentrated in a few $U (4)$ irreducible representations, without imposing any \textit{a priori} constraints on the model space. This emergent feature points to a strategy for reducing explosive many-body bases of the NCSM while retaining physically important configurations needed to compute observables.
nucl-thhep-th2 citations
02
Species-Resolved Scaling of Azimuthal Anisotropy: Constraining Attenuation, Collective Expansion, and Hadronic Dynamics in Hydrodynamic Simulations
Roy Lacey (Stony Brook University, New York, USA)🇺🇸
Species-resolved azimuthal anisotropy scaling functions are constructed from identified particle $v_{2}$ and $v_{3}$ obtained from event-by-event iEBE-VISHNU simulations for Pb+Pb collisions at $s_{N N} = 2.76$ and $5.02$ ~TeV. The scaling functions exhibit a robust collapse across transverse momentum, centrality, particle species, and beam energy, indicating a common and tightly constrained scaling structure. High scaling fidelity yields quantitative agreement with the data-defined reference through an energy-dependent attenuation baseline $β_{0}$ in central to mid-central collisions and a centrality-dependent modification of the effective attenuation in more peripheral collisions, with only a weak dependence on $s_{N N}$ . The multiplicity dependence of the extracted scaling parameters reflects the interplay of EOS-driven collective expansion, finite system lifetime, and hadronic re-scattering. These results demonstrate that the scaling framework provides a quantitative, constraint-driven probe of the hydrodynamic response, enabling the disentanglement and constraint of the coupled contributions to azimuthal anisotropy.
nucl-thhep-exhep-thnucl-ex0 citations
03
Quarkonium $p_{T}$ spectra in heavy--ion collisions at LHC energies within a hydrodynamic core--corona framework
Biswarup Paul🇮🇳
We present a systematic study of the transverse momentum ( $p_{T}$ ) spectra of charmonium (J/ $ψ$ , $ψ (2 S)$ ) and bottomonium ( $Υ (n S)$ ) states in Pb-Pb collisions at $s_{NN} = 5.02$ TeV within an analytical relativistic hydrodynamics framework. The medium evolution is described assuming cylindrical symmetry with boost-invariant longitudinal expansion and Hubble-like transverse flow. Quarkonium spectra are evaluated using the Cooper-Frye formalism on a constant-temperature freeze-out hypersurface, supplemented by a core--corona approach to include both thermal and non-thermal contributions. The model describes the measurements from ALICE and CMS over a broad $p_{T}$ range. For charmonium, both the spectra and the $ψ (2 S)$ /J/ $ψ$ ratio are well reproduced, while deviations at high $p_{T}$ for J/ $ψ$ indicate additional hard production mechanisms. In the bottomonium sector, the $Υ (n S)$ spectra and their yield ratios are successfully described, consistent with the expected sequential suppression pattern. These results demonstrate that an analytical hydrodynamic approach combined with a core-corona framework provides a unified and transparent description of quarkonium production in heavy--ion collisions at LHC energies.
nucl-thhep-phnucl-ex0 citations
04
Probing Near-Threshold $s$ -Wave Components in Heavy Nuclei via Coulomb-Assisted Neutron Transfer
Yuki Nakanishi · Junki Tanaka · Atsushi Tamii · Shimpei Endo
We propose a method to probe weakly bound s-wave neutron components near the neutron emission threshold in heavy nuclei using Coulomb-assisted neutron transfer reactions. Weakly bound s-wave neutrons have large asymptotic amplitudes, which are difficult to access directly with conventional methods. This work focuses on the $(d, p)$ reaction at low incident energies and backward angles, where the reaction is localized in the nuclear exterior due to the Coulomb barrier. Under these conditions, the transition amplitude becomes sensitive to the asymptotic part of the single-particle wave function. Finite-range DWBA calculations show that the cross section for weakly bound states exhibits a weak dependence on incident energy, while that for strongly bound states decreases rapidly with decreasing energy. Contributions from orbitals with $l \geq 1$ are suppressed by the centrifugal barrier, resulting in selectivity for s-wave components. This method provides a probe of the strength distribution of weakly bound s-wave components near threshold and the asymptotic structure of their wave functions.
nucl-thnucl-ex0 citations
05
Examination of the $c c ˉ + n +^{10}$ Be bound-state problem within three cluster models based on QCD charmonium-nucleon interactions
Faisal Etminan🇮🇷
The possible bound state of the $c c ˉ + n +^{10}$ Be system, representing a hypothetical charmonium-nucleus configuration, is investigated. The analysis is conducted within a three-cluster framework, in which the binary subsystems are treated as $n +^{10} Be$ , $^{10} Be + c c ˉ$ , and $c c ˉ + n$ . The hyperspherical harmonics method is employed to provide a convenient description of this three-cluster configuration. The calculations are performed using effective $^{10} Be - c c ˉ$ potentials constructed via the single-folding procedure. These potentials have been derived recently on the basis of state-of-the-art lattice QCD results from the HAL QCD Collaboration, which provided interactions for the spin- $3/2$ $J / ψ N$ , spin- $1/2$ $J / ψ N$ , spin- $1/2$ $η_{c} N$ , and spin-averaged $J / ψ N$ channels, all obtained at nearly physical pion masses. The numerical results indicate that the central binding energies of the spin- $3/2$ $J / ψ + n +^{10}$ Be, spin- $1/2$ $J / ψ + n +^{10}$ Be, and spin- $1/2$ $η_{c} + n +^{10}$ Be systems are 3.47, 3.55, and 1.91 MeV, respectively. The corresponding root-mean-square nuclear matter radii are predicted to be approximately 2.49, 2.48, and 2.60 fm.
nucl-th0 citations
06
Proton and kaon production in Au+Au collisions at $s_{NN} = 3$ GeV
Shuang-Jie Liu🇨🇳 · Gao-Feng Wei🇨🇳 · Yu-Liang Zhao🇨🇳 · Feng-Chu Zhou🇨🇳 · Zhen Wang🇨🇳
Within an extended isospin- and momentum-dependent Boltzmann-Uehling-Uhlenbeck transport model, we study the protons, $K^{+}$ mesons and $Λ$ hyperons production in Au+Au collisions at $s_{NN} = 3$ GeV. For the collision in 0-10% centrality, we study the transverse momentum spectra and rapidity dependent mean transverse momentum for protons. For the collision in 10-40% centrality, we study the directed and elliptic flows for protons and $K^{+}$ mesons. The results show that the momentum-dependent nuclear mean field with an incompressibility $K_{0} = 230$ MeV can fit fairly the STAR experimental data, while the momentum-independent nuclear mean field with both $K_{0} = 230$ MeV and $K_{0} = 380$ MeV can only partially describe the experimental results. In addition, we also study the directed and elliptic flows for the associated $Λ$ , observations reveal the same conclusions as for kaons. These findings indicate that the momentum dependence of nuclear mean field plays a significant role in understanding nuclear matter properties in heavy-ion collisions at $s_{NN} = 3$ GeV.
nucl-thnucl-ex1 citation
07
Linear Dependence of Electron-Decay Maximum Energy on the Mass Number A Along Isotopic Chains For Z<47
Tolga Yarman · Nimet Zaim · Alexander Kholmetskii · Ozan Yarman · Faruk Aga Yarman
We investigate the systematics of the maximum Electron-decay energy E as a function of the mass number A along isotopic chains with a fixed proton number across Z<47. By making use of the available curated nuclear data, we find that, for each fixed Z, the decay energy can be described to excellent accuracy by a linear dependence on A, provided that even-A and odd-A isotopes are treated separately. This yields two straight-line trends for each element, which are characterized by the slope and intercept parameters that can be systematically tabulated across the studied range. The corresponding fits are remarkably accurate, where the coefficients of determination are typically almost unity. Such an element-by-element empirical regularity does not appear to have been previously tabulated in a compact systematic form in the nuclear physics literature. We hence provide a simple and compact parameterization of Electron-decay energetics along isotopic chains with respect to our stated scope, whereby the approach at hand may prove useful for the analysis of decay-energy evolution, behavioral classification, and preliminary estimates of Electron-decay properties. The broader theoretical motivation that initially led us to search for such a regularity is discussed only after the confirmation of our results through experimental data is established.
nucl-th0 citations
08
Chiral Symmetry and Its Restoration in QCD
Teiji Kunihiro🇯🇵
We first note the peculiar property of the pion as the pseudoscalar particle, which play the essential role in realizing the basic properties of the nuclear matter such as the density/energy saturations. Then, we introduce the notion of chirality using the Dirac equation, and show how chiralities are mixed in the massive Dirac field with an emphasis on the similarity with the Bogoliubov-Valatin theory of superconductivity. After noting the approximate chiral symmetry in QCD in the light quark sector, we introduce the notion of the spontaneous symmetry breaking, and the Nambu-Goldstone theorem. A remark is given on the U(1) $_{A}$ anomaly and its physical consequences. Several chiral quark models of the Nambu-Jona-Lasinio type are introduced with an emphasis to the relevance to QCD, and discuss some consequences of the models. A three-flavor linear sigma model with the determinant term is examined, and discuss the origin of the mass term of the $η^{'}$ meson. A parity-doublet model for nucleons is introduced, and the current active effort is described to construct the equation of state of nuclear and neutron-star matter incorporating the parity-doubling in the baryon sector and the occurrence of the restoration of chiral symmetry in the QCD matter. An intuitive account is given on how the chiral condensate may be reduced on the basis of Hellmann-Feynman theorem. We describe some experiments to explore the chiral restoration in hot and/or dense medium, such as the pionic atoms, lepton-pair production in relativistic-heavy-ion collisions, an attempt to produce $η^{'}$ -mesonic nuclei, and so on.
nucl-thhep-exhep-phnucl-ex0 citations
09
Hadron properties at finite temperature
Juan M. Torres-Rincon🇪🇸 · Glòria Montaña🇪🇸
This review provides an overview of thermal effects on hadron properties, focusing on the theoretical frameworks used to describe in-medium modifications of masses, decay widths, and spectral functions. We examine the application of finite-temperature quantum field theory -- specifically the imaginary-time formalism (ITF) -- to analyze both light- and heavy-hadron sectors. For light hadrons, we discuss the role of chiral symmetry restoration and the different definitions of thermal masses in effective field theories, like chiral perturbation theory. In the heavy-flavor sector, we review recent progress in describing open-heavy mesons and quarkonia using self-consistent unitarized approaches and nonrelativistic effective field theories. All these results are complemented by analyses of recent lattice-QCD calculations using the Euclidean formulation of QCD at finite temperature, relevant to extract screening masses and reconstructed spectral functions. Finally, we discuss the phenomenological impact of the thermal modifications on experimental observables in relativistic heavy-ion collisions, including numerical simulations, dilepton spectra, transport coefficients, and hadron femtoscopy. By combining phenomenological considerations with robust theoretical tools, this review provides a coherent picture of how thermal effects emerge in the hadronic phase and how they can be systematically studied within controlled frameworks. Ultimately, the discussion serves as a bridge between experimental observations in relativistic heavy-ion collisions and fundamental developments in finite-temperature QCD and effective field theories for hadronic systems.
nucl-thhep-lathep-ph1 citation

Affiliations

first authorsco-authorsvia INSPIRE