Nuclear Theory·nucl-th

Friday·May 1, 2026

14 papers—9 primary·5 cross-listed

01
[Submitted on 29 Apr 2026]
Unmasking Hidden Wigner's Symmetry from First Principles
Phong Dang🇺🇸 · Daniel Langr🇨🇿 · Tomas Dytrych🇺🇸 · Jerry P. Draayer🇺🇸 · David Kekejian🇺🇸
We present quantitative evidence that high-quality internucleon forces derived from $χ$ EFT exhibit a striking dominance of Wigner's supermultiplet symmetry, without invoking the large- $N_{c}$ limit of QCD or assumptions about specific nuclei. We trace the manifestation of this symmetry in nuclear structure using the \textit{ab initio} Symmetry Adapted Model (SAM) and identify suppressed spin-isospin polarizability. Our calculations show that a majority of $^{4} He$ , $^{6} Li$ , and $^{6} He$ wave functions is concentrated in a few $U (4)$ irreducible representations, without imposing any \textit{a priori} constraints on the model space. This emergent feature points to a strategy for reducing explosive many-body bases of the NCSM while retaining physically important configurations needed to compute observables.
Subjects:
Nuclear Theory (nucl-th); High Energy Physics — Theory (hep-th)
arXiv:
2604.27144 [pdf]
2 citations
02
[Submitted on 29 Apr 2026]
Species-Resolved Scaling of Azimuthal Anisotropy: Constraining Attenuation, Collective Expansion, and Hadronic Dynamics in Hydrodynamic Simulations
Roy Lacey (Stony Brook University, New York, USA)🇺🇸
Species-resolved azimuthal anisotropy scaling functions are constructed from identified particle $v_{2}$ and $v_{3}$ obtained from event-by-event iEBE-VISHNU simulations for Pb+Pb collisions at $s_{N N} = 2.76$ and $5.02$ ~TeV. The scaling functions exhibit a robust collapse across transverse momentum, centrality, particle species, and beam energy, indicating a common and tightly constrained scaling structure. High scaling fidelity yields quantitative agreement with the data-defined reference through an energy-dependent attenuation baseline $β_{0}$ in central to mid-central collisions and a centrality-dependent modification of the effective attenuation in more peripheral collisions, with only a weak dependence on $s_{N N}$ . The multiplicity dependence of the extracted scaling parameters reflects the interplay of EOS-driven collective expansion, finite system lifetime, and hadronic re-scattering. These results demonstrate that the scaling framework provides a quantitative, constraint-driven probe of the hydrodynamic response, enabling the disentanglement and constraint of the coupled contributions to azimuthal anisotropy.
Comments:
7 pages, three figures, submitted for publication
Subjects:
Nuclear Theory (nucl-th); High Energy Physics — Experiment (hep-ex); High Energy Physics — Theory (hep-th); Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
arXiv:
2604.27254 [pdf]
0 citations
03
[Submitted on 30 Apr 2026]
Quarkonium $p_{T}$ spectra in heavy--ion collisions at LHC energies within a hydrodynamic core--corona framework
Biswarup Paul🇮🇳
We present a systematic study of the transverse momentum ( $p_{T}$ ) spectra of charmonium (J/ $ψ$ , $ψ (2 S)$ ) and bottomonium ( $Υ (n S)$ ) states in Pb-Pb collisions at $s_{NN} = 5.02$ TeV within an analytical relativistic hydrodynamics framework. The medium evolution is described assuming cylindrical symmetry with boost-invariant longitudinal expansion and Hubble-like transverse flow. Quarkonium spectra are evaluated using the Cooper-Frye formalism on a constant-temperature freeze-out hypersurface, supplemented by a core--corona approach to include both thermal and non-thermal contributions. The model describes the measurements from ALICE and CMS over a broad $p_{T}$ range. For charmonium, both the spectra and the $ψ (2 S)$ /J/ $ψ$ ratio are well reproduced, while deviations at high $p_{T}$ for J/ $ψ$ indicate additional hard production mechanisms. In the bottomonium sector, the $Υ (n S)$ spectra and their yield ratios are successfully described, consistent with the expected sequential suppression pattern. These results demonstrate that an analytical hydrodynamic approach combined with a core-corona framework provides a unified and transparent description of quarkonium production in heavy--ion collisions at LHC energies.
Comments:
7 pages and 5 figures
Subjects:
Nuclear Theory (nucl-th); High Energy Physics — Phenomenology (hep-ph); Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
arXiv:
2604.27473 [pdf]
0 citations
04
[Submitted on 30 Apr 2026]
Probing Near-Threshold $s$ -Wave Components in Heavy Nuclei via Coulomb-Assisted Neutron Transfer
Yuki Nakanishi · Junki Tanaka · Atsushi Tamii · Shimpei Endo
We propose a method to probe weakly bound s-wave neutron components near the neutron emission threshold in heavy nuclei using Coulomb-assisted neutron transfer reactions. Weakly bound s-wave neutrons have large asymptotic amplitudes, which are difficult to access directly with conventional methods. This work focuses on the $(d, p)$ reaction at low incident energies and backward angles, where the reaction is localized in the nuclear exterior due to the Coulomb barrier. Under these conditions, the transition amplitude becomes sensitive to the asymptotic part of the single-particle wave function. Finite-range DWBA calculations show that the cross section for weakly bound states exhibits a weak dependence on incident energy, while that for strongly bound states decreases rapidly with decreasing energy. Contributions from orbitals with $l \geq 1$ are suppressed by the centrifugal barrier, resulting in selectivity for s-wave components. This method provides a probe of the strength distribution of weakly bound s-wave components near threshold and the asymptotic structure of their wave functions.
Subjects:
Nuclear Theory (nucl-th); Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
arXiv:
2604.27605 [pdf]
0 citations
05
[Submitted on 30 Apr 2026]
Examination of the $c c ˉ + n +^{10}$ Be bound-state problem within three cluster models based on QCD charmonium-nucleon interactions
Faisal Etminan🇮🇷
The possible bound state of the $c c ˉ + n +^{10}$ Be system, representing a hypothetical charmonium-nucleus configuration, is investigated. The analysis is conducted within a three-cluster framework, in which the binary subsystems are treated as $n +^{10} Be$ , $^{10} Be + c c ˉ$ , and $c c ˉ + n$ . The hyperspherical harmonics method is employed to provide a convenient description of this three-cluster configuration. The calculations are performed using effective $^{10} Be - c c ˉ$ potentials constructed via the single-folding procedure. These potentials have been derived recently on the basis of state-of-the-art lattice QCD results from the HAL QCD Collaboration, which provided interactions for the spin- $3/2$ $J / ψ N$ , spin- $1/2$ $J / ψ N$ , spin- $1/2$ $η_{c} N$ , and spin-averaged $J / ψ N$ channels, all obtained at nearly physical pion masses. The numerical results indicate that the central binding energies of the spin- $3/2$ $J / ψ + n +^{10}$ Be, spin- $1/2$ $J / ψ + n +^{10}$ Be, and spin- $1/2$ $η_{c} + n +^{10}$ Be systems are 3.47, 3.55, and 1.91 MeV, respectively. The corresponding root-mean-square nuclear matter radii are predicted to be approximately 2.49, 2.48, and 2.60 fm.
Comments:
19 pages, 3 figures, 2 tables
Subjects:
Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
arXiv:
2604.27652 [pdf]
0 citations
06
[Submitted on 30 Apr 2026]
Proton and kaon production in Au+Au collisions at $s_{NN} = 3$ GeV
Shuang-Jie Liu🇨🇳 · Gao-Feng Wei🇨🇳 · Yu-Liang Zhao🇨🇳 · Feng-Chu Zhou🇨🇳 · Zhen Wang🇨🇳
Within an extended isospin- and momentum-dependent Boltzmann-Uehling-Uhlenbeck transport model, we study the protons, $K^{+}$ mesons and $Λ$ hyperons production in Au+Au collisions at $s_{NN} = 3$ GeV. For the collision in 0-10% centrality, we study the transverse momentum spectra and rapidity dependent mean transverse momentum for protons. For the collision in 10-40% centrality, we study the directed and elliptic flows for protons and $K^{+}$ mesons. The results show that the momentum-dependent nuclear mean field with an incompressibility $K_{0} = 230$ MeV can fit fairly the STAR experimental data, while the momentum-independent nuclear mean field with both $K_{0} = 230$ MeV and $K_{0} = 380$ MeV can only partially describe the experimental results. In addition, we also study the directed and elliptic flows for the associated $Λ$ , observations reveal the same conclusions as for kaons. These findings indicate that the momentum dependence of nuclear mean field plays a significant role in understanding nuclear matter properties in heavy-ion collisions at $s_{NN} = 3$ GeV.
Comments:
9 pages, 7figures. Modified a typos that occurred during the compilation of TeX document. Accepted for publication in Nuclear Science and Techniques
Subjects:
Nuclear Theory (nucl-th); Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
arXiv:
2604.27678 [pdf]
1 citation
07
[Submitted on 30 Apr 2026]
Linear Dependence of Electron-Decay Maximum Energy on the Mass Number A Along Isotopic Chains For Z<47
Tolga Yarman · Nimet Zaim · Alexander Kholmetskii · Ozan Yarman · Faruk Aga Yarman
We investigate the systematics of the maximum Electron-decay energy E as a function of the mass number A along isotopic chains with a fixed proton number across Z<47. By making use of the available curated nuclear data, we find that, for each fixed Z, the decay energy can be described to excellent accuracy by a linear dependence on A, provided that even-A and odd-A isotopes are treated separately. This yields two straight-line trends for each element, which are characterized by the slope and intercept parameters that can be systematically tabulated across the studied range. The corresponding fits are remarkably accurate, where the coefficients of determination are typically almost unity. Such an element-by-element empirical regularity does not appear to have been previously tabulated in a compact systematic form in the nuclear physics literature. We hence provide a simple and compact parameterization of Electron-decay energetics along isotopic chains with respect to our stated scope, whereby the approach at hand may prove useful for the analysis of decay-energy evolution, behavioral classification, and preliminary estimates of Electron-decay properties. The broader theoretical motivation that initially led us to search for such a regularity is discussed only after the confirmation of our results through experimental data is established.
Subjects:
Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
arXiv:
2604.27869 [pdf]
0 citations
08
[Submitted on 30 Apr 2026]
Chiral Symmetry and Its Restoration in QCD
Teiji Kunihiro🇯🇵
We first note the peculiar property of the pion as the pseudoscalar particle, which play the essential role in realizing the basic properties of the nuclear matter such as the density/energy saturations. Then, we introduce the notion of chirality using the Dirac equation, and show how chiralities are mixed in the massive Dirac field with an emphasis on the similarity with the Bogoliubov-Valatin theory of superconductivity. After noting the approximate chiral symmetry in QCD in the light quark sector, we introduce the notion of the spontaneous symmetry breaking, and the Nambu-Goldstone theorem. A remark is given on the U(1) $_{A}$ anomaly and its physical consequences. Several chiral quark models of the Nambu-Jona-Lasinio type are introduced with an emphasis to the relevance to QCD, and discuss some consequences of the models. A three-flavor linear sigma model with the determinant term is examined, and discuss the origin of the mass term of the $η^{'}$ meson. A parity-doublet model for nucleons is introduced, and the current active effort is described to construct the equation of state of nuclear and neutron-star matter incorporating the parity-doubling in the baryon sector and the occurrence of the restoration of chiral symmetry in the QCD matter. An intuitive account is given on how the chiral condensate may be reduced on the basis of Hellmann-Feynman theorem. We describe some experiments to explore the chiral restoration in hot and/or dense medium, such as the pionic atoms, lepton-pair production in relativistic-heavy-ion collisions, an attempt to produce $η^{'}$ -mesonic nuclei, and so on.
Comments:
25 pages, 6 figures; Abstract is shortened. Preprint number is assigned
Subjects:
Nuclear Theory (nucl-th); High Energy Physics — Experiment (hep-ex); High Energy Physics — Phenomenology (hep-ph); Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
arXiv:
2604.27982 [pdf]
0 citations
09
[Submitted on 30 Apr 2026]
Hadron properties at finite temperature
Juan M. Torres-Rincon🇪🇸 · Glòria Montaña🇪🇸
This review provides an overview of thermal effects on hadron properties, focusing on the theoretical frameworks used to describe in-medium modifications of masses, decay widths, and spectral functions. We examine the application of finite-temperature quantum field theory -- specifically the imaginary-time formalism (ITF) -- to analyze both light- and heavy-hadron sectors. For light hadrons, we discuss the role of chiral symmetry restoration and the different definitions of thermal masses in effective field theories, like chiral perturbation theory. In the heavy-flavor sector, we review recent progress in describing open-heavy mesons and quarkonia using self-consistent unitarized approaches and nonrelativistic effective field theories. All these results are complemented by analyses of recent lattice-QCD calculations using the Euclidean formulation of QCD at finite temperature, relevant to extract screening masses and reconstructed spectral functions. Finally, we discuss the phenomenological impact of the thermal modifications on experimental observables in relativistic heavy-ion collisions, including numerical simulations, dilepton spectra, transport coefficients, and hadron femtoscopy. By combining phenomenological considerations with robust theoretical tools, this review provides a coherent picture of how thermal effects emerge in the hadronic phase and how they can be systematically studied within controlled frameworks. Ultimately, the discussion serves as a bridge between experimental observations in relativistic heavy-ion collisions and fundamental developments in finite-temperature QCD and effective field theories for hadronic systems.
Comments:
94 pages. First version submitted to JPNPP. Comments and suggestions for missing references are welcome
Subjects:
Nuclear Theory (nucl-th); High Energy Physics — Lattice (hep-lat); High Energy Physics — Phenomenology (hep-ph)
arXiv:
2604.27993 [pdf]
1 citation
10
[Submitted on 29 Apr 2026] (cross-list from hep-ph)
Chiral-Transport-Induced Collective Modes in Strong Magnetic Fields and Their Implications for Neutron Star Phenomenology
Sota Hanai
In this thesis, we study the collective modes induced by the chirality of elementary particles in magnetized media and their implications for neutron star phenomenology. We theoretically predict that the chiral magnetic wave can arise in quark matter inside neutron stars, resulting in the emergence of novel types of seismic oscillations and associated gravitational waves in the context of asteroseismology. We also investigate the response to dynamical electromagnetic fields and find that a dynamical screening, distinct from the conventional Landau damping, occurs due to the chiral anomaly.
Comments:
108 pages, 21 figures, PhD thesis
Subjects:
High Energy Physics — Phenomenology (hep-ph); High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE); Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
arXiv:
2604.27020 [pdf]
0 citations
11
[Submitted on 30 Apr 2026] (cross-list from physics.atom-ph)
Hyperfine-resolved laser excitation and detection of nuclear isomer in trapped $^{229}$ Th $^{3 +}$ ions
Wu Wang · Ke Zhang · Ke-Mi Xu · Jin-Bo Hu · Shan-Gui Zhou
We present a comprehensive theoretical investigation of hyperfine-resolved excitation and detection of the low-energy isomeric state of $^{229}$ Th in trapped $^{229} Th^{3 +}$ ions. Using a quantum master equation approach, we quantitatively analyze the dependence of the isomeric population on laser linewidth, detuning, and irradiation time, showing that their proper matching is essential for efficient excitation. Going beyond earlier conceptual discussions of electronic-fluorescence-based nuclear-state detection, we propose two concrete nuclear-state detection schemes based on three hyperfine-resolved electronic fluorescence channels at 690, 984, and 1088 nm. Our quantitative analysis shows that, for 50 ions, the 690- and 984-nm scheme yields detectable photon count rates on the order of $1 0^{3} s^{- 1}$ at 690 nm and $1 0^{4} s^{- 1}$ at 984 nm, whereas the 1088-nm scheme achieves a detectable photon rate on the order of $1 0^{3} s^{- 1}$ . By quantifying the trade-off between irradiation time and scan-step size, we show that the nuclear transition can be located within one month for a 100-MHz uncertainty using currently available vacuum-ultraviolet laser technology. These results provide practical guidance for trapped-ion $^{229} Th$ spectroscopy and the development of nuclear clocks.
Comments:
17 Pages, 10 figures, and 4 tables
Subjects:
Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph); Nuclear Theory (nucl-th); Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
arXiv:
2604.27614 [pdf]
1 citation
12
[Submitted on 30 Apr 2026] (cross-list from hep-th)
Non-Gaussian hydrodynamic fluctuations in an expanding relativistic fluid
Gokce Basar🇺🇸 · Shuo Song🇺🇸
We consider non-equilibrium evolution of non-Gaussian fluctuations in a hydrodynamic system undergoing a boost-invariant expansion described by Bjorken flow. We derive the evolution equations for two- and three-point velocity correlators using the effective field theory framework and present analytical solutions for them. We show that the average Landau frame is better suited for studying non-Gaussian fluctuations of velocity when relativistic effects are important. In the Bjorken background, the average Landau frame corresponds to the density frame. We demonstrate that the three-point correlators depend nonlinearly on the non-equilibrium dynamics of the two-point functions, and exhibit non-trivial effects such as memory. The importance of these effects in the context of the search for the QCD critical point via fluctuations is discussed.
Comments:
23 pages, 3 figures
Subjects:
High Energy Physics — Theory (hep-th); Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
arXiv:
2604.27730 [pdf]
Phys.Rev.C (2026)·1 citation
13
[Submitted on 30 Apr 2026] (cross-list from hep-ph)
Thermal Spectra Without Detailed Balance
Xingjian Lu🇨🇳 · Shuzhe Shi🇨🇳
A thermal spectrum is often taken as a signature that the emitted probe has reached detailed balance with the surrounding medium. We show that this interpretation is not generally valid by studying how the microscopic emission kernel determines the macroscopic spectrum. In $3 + 1$ dimensions, a simple thermal spectrum can be generated without probe thermalization when the relevant kernel belongs to a thermally degenerate class. A representative case is realized when the differential cross section depends on the scattering angle but carries no additional dependence on the Mandelstam variable $s$ , as in low-energy Thomson scattering. Our results provide a kernel-based criterion for distinguishing genuine probe--medium exchange equilibrium from thermal spectra produced by the structure of the emission kernel itself.
Comments:
6 pages, 1 figures
Subjects:
High Energy Physics — Phenomenology (hep-ph); High Energy Physics — Theory (hep-th); Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
arXiv:
2604.27926 [pdf]
1 citation
14
[Submitted on 30 Apr 2026] (cross-list from hep-ph)
Deeply virtual pion production through two-loop order
Wen Chen🇨🇳 · Feng Feng🇨🇳 · Yu Jia🇨🇳 · Qin-Tao Song🇨🇳 · Guang Tang🇨🇳 · Zhe-Yu Wang🇨🇳
Deeply virtual meson production (DVMP) is among the most prominent channels to extract the nucleon's generalized parton distributions (GPDs) at $e p$ scattering facilities such as {\tt JLab} and the upcoming {\tt EIC/EicC} experiments, which plays a vital role in unravelling the three-dimensional internal structure of nucleon. In this work we calculate for the first time the next-to-next-to-leading order (NNLO) QCD radiative corrections to the DV $π$ P processes $γ_{L}^{*} p \to π^{+} n$ and $γ_{L}^{*} p \to π^{0} p$ in the generalized Bjorken limit $Q^{2} ≫ ∣ t ∣, Λ_{QCD}^{2}$ , accurate at the leading twist within collinear factorization framework. The impact of the two-loop QCD corrections appears to be positive and substantial, including which considerably improves the agreement between the perturbative QCD prediction and the available {\tt JLab} data. In addition to the differential longitudinal DV $π$ P cross section, we also study the impact of the two-loop QCD corrections on the transverse single-spin asymmetries (TSSA) in some benchmark kinematics at {\tt JLab}, {\tt EIC} and {\tt EicC}.
Comments:
11 pages, 8 figures
Subjects:
High Energy Physics — Phenomenology (hep-ph); High Energy Physics — Experiment (hep-ex); High Energy Physics — Lattice (hep-lat); Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex); Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
arXiv:
2604.28164 [pdf]
1 citation

Affiliations

first authorsco-authorsvia INSPIRE