Nuclear Theory·nucl-th

Tuesday·October 28, 2025

22 papers—12 primary·10 cross-listed

13
QCD in strong magnetic fields: fluctuations of conserved charges and EoS
Heng-Tong Ding🇨🇳 · Jin-Biao Gu🇨🇳 · Arpith Kumar🇨🇳 · Sheng-Tai Li🇨🇳
Strong magnetic fields can profoundly affect the equilibrium properties, characterized by the equation of state and bulk thermodynamics of strongly interacting matter. Although such fields are expected in off-central heavy-ion collisions, directly measuring their experimental imprints remains extremely challenging. To address this, we propose the baryon-electric charge correlations $χ_{11}^{BQ}$ and the chemical potential ratio $μ_{Q} / μ_{B}$ as magnetic-field-sensitive probes, based on (2+1)-flavor QCD lattice simulations at physical pion masses. Along the transition line, $χ_{11}^{BQ}$ and $(μ_{Q} / μ_{B})_{LO}$ in Pb-Pb collisions increase by factors of 2.1 and 2.4 at $e B ≃ 8 M_{π}^{2}$ , respectively. To bridge theoretical predictions and experimental observations, we construct HRG-based proxies and apply systematic kinematic cuts to emulate STAR and ALICE detector acceptances. Furthermore, we extend this investigation to the QCD equation of state, and examine the leading-order thermodynamic coefficients for strangeness-neutral scenarios up to $e B ≃ 0.8 GeV^{2} \sim 45 m_{π}^{2}$ , revealing intriguing non-monotonic structures.
↳ hep-lathep-phnucl-exnucl-thJ.Subatomic Part.Cosmol.(2026)·3 citations
14
First non-zero measurement of a nuclear electric dipole moment
Gary Prézeau🇧🇷
This paper reports the first non-zero measurement of a nuclear electric dipole moment using a novel method based on the rate of change of a supercurrent first proposed in 2016~\cite{https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1604.02152} and fleshed out in this current paper. The theory, experimental concept and implementation are described in detail. The non-zero nuclear electric dipole moment measured with over 1000 hours of data was that of $^{181}$ Ta producing a best value $∣ d_{e}^{Ta} ∣ = (3.39 \pm 0.3 1_{stat}) \cdot 1 0^{- 32} e \cdot cm$ and $∣ d_{e}^{Ta} ∣ = (3.39 \pm 3.18) \cdot 1 0^{- 32} e \cdot cm > 0$ at 99.985\%CL. There is an uncertainty on the value of overall multiplicative parameters such as the self-inductance of the superconducting circuit ( $\pm 4%$ ), the mutual inductance between the SQUID pickup coil and the sample wire ( $\pm 15%$ ), and the magnitude of the solenoid current ( $\pm 5%$ ). An upper-limit was estimated for the control element, $^{207}$ Pb, $∣ d_{e}^{Pb} ∣ ≲ 1.2 \cdot 1 0^{- 31} e \cdot cm$ at 95\%CL.
↳ nucl-excond-mat.supr-conhep-phnucl-th+10 citations
15
Interactions of Neutrino Wave Packets
Michael J. Cervia🇺🇸
The low energy effective field theory of interacting neutrinos derived from the Standard Model may be framed as a pointlike interaction and thereby modeled on a lattice of neutrino momenta. We identify a path to take a continuum limit of this lattice problem in the center of momentum frame. In this limit, the weak interaction is found to become trivial between incoming plane waves describing ultrarelativistic particles, unless finite neutrino wave packet sizes are taken into consideration. We follow up with an analytic treatment of interacting neutrino wave packets, demonstrating the importance of the wave packet size for characterizing neutrino-neutrino scattering in dense environments.
↳ hep-phhep-thnucl-thPRD(2026)·6 citations
16
Heavy-Flavor Fragmentation and Jet Structure from HF-NRevo: Bridging to Heavy-Ion Collisions
Francesco Giovanni Celiberto🇪🇸 · Francesca Lonigro🇪🇸
We present recent progress on the Heavy-Flavor Non-Relativistic Evolution (HF-NRevo) framework, designed to describe leading-power fragmentation of heavy-flavored hadrons at moderate to large transverse momentum. Starting from NLO NRQCD calculations for all partonic channels into pseudoscalar quarkonia, we construct the NRFF1.0 collinear fragmentation functions via DGLAP evolution in a variable-flavor number scheme. We outline future prospects in the heavy-ion context, where HF-NRevo can serve as a baseline for modeling in-medium modifications of heavy-flavor fragmentation in nuclear collisions. Its accurate modeling of the partonic hierarchy and threshold effects makes it ideally suited to explore jet-quenching sensitivity, energy-loss mechanisms, and the emergence of medium-modified fragmentation functions in the quark-gluon plasma. Moreover, it provides a natural baseline for implementing in-medium hadronization scenarios, including quarkonium regeneration and fragmentation-function apparent-shape distortion. These developments provide new handles for exploring heavy-flavor dynamics at the HL-LHC and future collider facilities.
↳ hep-phhep-exhep-thnucl-ex+1PoS(2026)·9 citations
17
Emergent spin polarization from $ρ$ meson condensation in rotating hadronic matter
Kshitish Kumar Pradhan🇮🇳 · Dushmanta Sahu🇲🇽 · Raghunath Sahoo🇮🇳
The behavior of vector mesons in extreme environments provides a unique probe of non-perturbative Quantum Chromodynamics. We investigate the conditions for Bose-Einstein condensation (BEC) of spin-1 $ρ$ mesons in dense rotating hadronic matter, a regime relevant to the peripheral heavy-ion collisions and the interiors of rapidly rotating neutron stars. When the $ρ$ meson chemical potential ( $μ_{ρ}$ ) approaches its effective mass ( $m_{ρ}^{*}$ ), a phase transition to BEC occurs. We demonstrate that this transition is non-trivially influenced by global rotation, which couples to the spin of the $ρ$ mesons, leading to a macroscopic spin alignment of the condensate along the axis of rotation. This interplay between condensation and rotation results in distinct polarization patterns, which can serve as a possible signature of a BEC in experiments. The results suggest that rapidly rotating neutron stars may harbor an anisotropic, spin-polarized $ρ$ -condensed phase, which could impact their equation of state.
↳ hep-phhep-exhep-thnucl-ex+1PLB(2026)·3 citations
18
Analytic $G_{0} W_{0}$ gradients based on a double-similarity transformation equation-of-motion coupled-cluster treatment
Marios-Petros Kitsaras · Johannes Tölle · Pierre-François Loos
The accurate prediction of ionization potentials (IPs) is central to understanding molecular reactivity, redox behavior, and spectroscopic properties. While vertical IPs can be accessed directly from electronic excitations at fixed nuclear geometries, the computation of adiabatic IPs requires nuclear gradients of the ionized states, posing a major theoretical and computational challenge, especially within correlated frameworks. Among the most promising approaches for IP calculations is the many-body Green's function $G W$ method, which provides a balanced compromise between accuracy and computational efficiency. Furthermore, it is applicable to both finite and extended systems. Recent work has established formal connections between $G W$ and coupled-cluster doubles (CCD) theory, leading to the first derivation of analytic $G W$ nuclear gradients via a unitary CCD framework. In this work, we present an alternative, fully analytic formulation of $G W$ nuclear gradients based on a modified version of the traditional equation-of-motion CCD formalism, enabling the inclusion of missing correlation effects in the traditional CCD methods.
↳ physics.chem-phcond-mat.mtrl-scicond-mat.str-elnucl-thJ.Chem.Phys.(2026)·1 citation
19
Determination of the Muon Lifetime in $^{76}$ Se with the MONUMENT experiment
G. R. Araujo🇨🇭 · D. Bajpai🇺🇸 · L. Baudis🇨🇭 · V. Belov🇷🇺 · E. Bossio🇩🇪 · T.E. Cocolios🇧🇪 · H. Ejiri🇯🇵 · M. Fomina🇷🇺 · K. Gusev🇷🇺 · I.H. Hashim🇲🇾 · M. Heines🇧🇪 · S. Kazartsev🇷🇺 and 17 other authors
Ordinary muon capture provides a benchmark for the nuclear physics models of neutrinoless double beta decay under comparable momentum transfer conditions. The total capture strength defines the lifetime of the muonic atom. The muon lifetime in $^{76}$ Se, the daughter nucleus of $^{76}$ Ge, was determined with improved accuracy by the MONUMENT collaboration, using an array of high-purity germanium detectors and a set of scintillator counters at the $π$ E1 muon beam line of the Paul Scherrer Institute. The new value of (135.1 $\pm$ 0.5) ns agrees with phenomenological calculations based on the quasiparticle random phase approximation with unquenched axial-vector coupling.
↳ nucl-exnucl-thPRC(2026)·0 citations
20
Pentaquarks on the light front, and their mixture with baryons
Nicholas Miesch🇺🇸 · Edward Shuryak🇺🇸 · Ismail Zahed🇺🇸
In previous papers we developed the light front formulation for Hamiltonians and wave functions (WFs) for mesons and baryons, with both confinement and chiral symmetry breaking. For baryons limited to the lowest Fock component with three quarks, the longitudinal WF is valued in an equilateral triangle with momentum fractions $x_{i}, i = 1, 2, 3$ . The WF was developed both numerically and using a basis function that diagonalizes the Laplacian with Dirichlet boundary conditions. In this paper we extend this analysis to $n$ quark states, and specialize to pentaquarks ( $n = 5$ ). We determine their masses and WFs, and address the mixing between baryons and pentaquarks, the issue central to understanding the observed antiquark sea of baryons.
↳ hep-phnucl-thPRD(2026)·3 citations
21
Anti-Flatness and Non-Local Non-stabilizerness in Two-Particle Scattering Processes
C. E. P. Robin · M. J. Savage
Non-local non-stabilizerness and anti-flatness provide a measure of the quantum complexity in the wavefunction of a physical system. Supported by entanglement, they cannot be removed by local unitary operations, thus providing basis-independent measures, and sufficiently large values underpin the need for quantum computers in order to perform precise simulations of the system at scale. Towards a better understanding of the quantum-complexity generation by fundamental interactions, the building blocks of many-body systems, we consider non-local non-stabilizerness and anti-flatness in two-particle scattering processes, specifically focusing on low-energy nucleon-nucleon scattering and high-energy Moller scattering. We find that the non-local non-stabilizerness induced in both interactions is four times the anti-flatness (which is found to be true for any two-qubit wavefunction), and verify the relation between the Clifford-averaged anti-flatness and total non-stabilizerness. For these processes, the anti-flatness is a more experimentally accessible quantity as it can be determined from one of the final-state particles, and does not require spin correlations. While the MOLLER experiment at the Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility does not include final-state spin measurements, the results presented here may add motivation to consider their future inclusion.
↳ quant-phhep-phnucl-thPhys. Rev. D 114, 014007 (2026)·20 citations
22
Model-independent mass determination of near-threshold states from short-range production
Yong-Hui Lin🇩🇪 · Hans-Werner Hammer🇩🇪 · Ulf-G. Meißner🇩🇪
We propose a novel observable for the precision measurements of a wide class of near-threshold dimer states: the short-range production rate of a dimer--spectator two-body system, composed of the given near-threshold state and one of its constituents. Within the framework of nonrelativistic effective field theory, these production rates exhibit characteristic line shapes for the specific partial wave and reach a model-independent minimum. This feature enables a precise extraction of their masses from experimental data, provided that the line shape can be resolved with sufficient accuracy. Applying this novel method to both the $T_{b b ˉ 1} (10610) B$ and $T_{b b ˉ 1} (10650) B^{*}$ systems allows for a precise determination of the binding energy $δ$ of the $T_{b b ˉ 1} (10610)$ and $T_{b b ˉ 1} (10650)$ via the relation of $δ = - E_{dip}^{exp} / 0.1983$ once the respective dip position $E_{dip}^{exp}$ is experimentally identified.
↳ hep-phhep-exnucl-thPLB(2026)·2 citations

Affiliations

first authorsco-authorsvia INSPIRE