Nuclear Theory·nucl-th

Wednesday·July 16, 2025

15 papers—6 primary·9 cross-listed

07
Oscillations of hypothetical strange stars as an efficient source ultra-high-energy particles
Joanna Jałocha🇵🇱 · Łukasz Bratek🇵🇱
We investigate the dynamical behavior of strange quark matter (SQM) objects, such as stars and planets, when subjected to radial oscillations induced by tidal interactions in stellar systems. Our study demonstrates that SQM objects can efficiently convert mechanical energy into hadronic energy due to the critical mass density at their surfaces of 4.7*10^{14} g/cm^3, below which SQM becomes unstable and decays into photons, hadrons, and leptons. We show that even small-amplitude radial oscillations, with a radius change of as little as 0.1%, can result in significant excitation energies near the surface of SQM stars. This excitation energy is rapidly converted into electromagnetic energy over short timescales approximately 1 ms, potentially leading to observable astrophysical phenomena. Higher amplitude oscillations may cause fragmentation or dissolution of SQM stars, which has important implications for the evolution of binary systems containing SQM objects and the emission of gravitational waves.
↳ astro-ph.HEastro-ph.SRhep-phnucl-thPoS(2025)·0 citations
08
Lattice QCD Study of Positive Parity Dibaryons with Maximal Charm and Strangeness
Navdeep Singh Dhindsa🇮🇳 · Nilmani Mathur🇮🇳 · M. Padmanath🇮🇳
We present the ground-state energy spectra of dibaryons composed of single-flavor quarks, specifically systems with strangeness $S = - 6$ and charm $C = 6$ . Our lattice QCD study is based on $N_{f} = 2 + 1 + 1$ MILC ensembles with highly improved staggered quark (HISQ) sea quarks, spanning four lattice spacings and two spatial volumes. We employ valence quark propagators realized using a relativistic overlap action, evaluate correlation matrices with carefully designed operator bases, and extract reliable ground-state energy estimates in the $S = 0$ and $S = 2$ spin channels. We explore their binding characteristics and interaction dynamics by examining the energy separation between the dibaryon states and the corresponding two-baryon thresholds. These results contribute to a deeper understanding of single-flavor dibaryon states as a function of the quark masses. In the $S = 0$ channel, the $Ω_{ccc}$ - $Ω_{ccc}$ system exhibits a clear signal of a bound state, while the $Ω$ - $Ω$ system lies very close to the threshold, making it difficult to draw definitive conclusions. For $S = 2$ , both systems are found to be unbound.
↳ hep-lathep-exhep-phnucl-thPRD(2025)·5 citations
09
Relativistic and Dynamical Love
Abhishek Hegade K. R.🇺🇸 · K.J. Kwon🇺🇸 · Tejaswi Venumadhav🇺🇸 · Hang Yu🇺🇸 · Nicolás Yunes🇺🇸
Gravitational waves emitted in the late inspiral of binary neutron stars are affected by their tidal deformation. We study the tidal dynamics in full general relativity through matched-asymptotic expansions and prove that the dynamical tidal response can be expanded in a complete set of modes. We further prove that the mode amplitudes satisfy an effective, forced harmonic oscillator equation, which generalizes the overlap-integral formulation of Newtonian gravity. Our relativistic treatment of dynamical tides will avoid systematic biases in future gravitational-wave parameter estimation.
↳ gr-qcastro-ph.HEnucl-thPRL(2026)·16 citations
10
Phenomenological Scaling Relations for SQM Stars with a Massive s-Quark in Gravitationally Strong Magnetic Fields under the Spherical Symmetry Approximation
Łukasz Bratek🇵🇱 · Joanna Jałocha🇵🇱 · Marek Kutschera🇵🇱
Scaling relations with the bag constant parameter are investigated for Strange Quark Matter (SQM) stars in the presence of gravitationally strong magnetic fields minimally coupled with matter, considering both massless and massive strange quark scenarios. Assuming a simple model for such coupling under the approximation of spherical symmetry, a phenomenological scaling formula for the maximum mass of stars is derived as a function of the surface magnetic field and the strange quark mass. This formula is applicable for all formally admissible values of the free parameters, and strict scaling with the bag constant is retained only for a vanishing strange quark mass. As a byproduct of this study, the mathematical structure of the equation of state for the relativistic SQM model with a massive strange quark is revisited without approximations. It is observed that the contribution of the electron term to the energy density cannot be neglected in the theoretical limit of large strange quark masses. Consequently, the maximum mass of SQM stars increases with sufficiently large strange quark mass, contrasting with the behavior observed for low strange quark masses.
↳ astro-ph.HEgr-qcnucl-thPRD(2024)·1 citation
11
Generation of a scalar vortex in a rotational frame
M. Bordag🇷🇺 · D. N. Voskresensky🇷🇺
We consider generation from the vacuum of a scalar charged field in a rigidly rotating frame. Adding an external magnetic field opens the way to Bose condensation of the field. This phenomenon has been studied for external uniform magnetic field occupying the whole volume of the uniformly rotating cylindrical system of finite radius $R$ with a Dirichlet boundary condition imposed on it. Besides continuing this study, we consider the field formed by a flux tube of small radius. We find numerical solutions of the Ginzburg-Pitaevskii equation for the charged scalar field, the critical rotation frequencies, the mean radii and the condensate energies, and compare them with those found in a linearization scheme and with approximate analytical solutions. We show that for the same input parameters the energy of the condensate in the case of the flux tube is lower than in the case of uniform magnetic field in the whole cylinder.
↳ hep-phcond-mat.supr-conhep-thnucl-thPRD(2025)·5 citations
12
Constraints on Kinetic Mixing of Dark Photons from Dilepton Spectra
A. W. Romero Jorge🇩🇪 · E. Bratkovskaya🇩🇪 · T. Song🇩🇪 · L. Sagunski🇩🇪
Dark photons, the hypothetical gauge bosons associated with an additional $U (1)^{'}$ symmetry, can couple to Standard Model particles through a small kinetic mixing parameter $ε$ with the ordinary photon. This mechanism provides a portal between the dark sector and visible matter. In this study, we present a procedure to derive theoretical upper bounds on the kinetic mixing parameter $ε^{2} (M_{U})$ by analyzing dilepton spectra from heavy-ion collisions across a broad energy range, from SIS to LHC energies. Our analysis is based on the microscopic Parton-Hadron-String Dynamics (PHSD) transport approach, which successfully reproduces the measured dilepton spectra in $p + p$ , $p + A$ , and $A + A$ collisions across the same energy range. Besides the dilepton channels resulting from interactions and decays of Standard Model particles (such as mesons and baryons), the PHSD has been extended to include the decay of hypothetical dark photons into dileptons, $U \to e^{+} e^{-}$ . The production of these dark photons occurs via Dalitz decays of $π^{0}$ , $η$ , $ω$ , $η^{'}$ , and $Δ$ resonances; direct decays of $ρ$ , $ω$ , and $ϕ$ ; the kaon mode $K^{+} \to π^{+} U$ ; and thermal $q q ˉ$ annihilation in the quark-gluon plasma. Our results show that high-precision measurements of dilepton spectra in heavy-ion collisions provide a sensitive and competitive probe of dark photons in the MeV to multi-GeV mass range. Furthermore, we quantify the experimental accuracy required to constrain the remaining viable parameter space of kinetic mixing in dark photon scenarios.
↳ hep-phhep-exnucl-exnucl-thPRC(2025)·1 citation
13
Do massive neutrino states really exist?
Danil D. Shelkovkin🇷🇺 · Oleg V. Teryaev🇷🇺
In neutrino physics, while massive states define neutrino masses, the flavor states participating in weak interactions are governed by an off-diagonal mass matrix. This work examines the complete form of this mass matrix, both for a two-flavor toy model and for the general three-flavor case under two distinct mass hierarchies. Using the Monte Carlo method, we estimate the mass matrix parameters and demonstrate how its structure governs the dependence of the interaction cross section on the mass hierarchy (normal vs inverted). This formalism enables the treatment of processes involving neutrino exchange through a non-diagonal propagator, corresponding to a quantum field theory description. Numerical estimates for a local charged-lepton interaction via virtual neutrino exchange yield a ratio of electron-antimuon (lepton flavor violating) to electron-positron cross sections on the order of $1 0^{- 51}$ . Furthermore, the cross section exhibits a fundamental dependence on the lightest neutrino mass, which differs drastically between the two hierarchies. For macroscopic processes, this propagator formalism reproduces the standard neutrino oscillation probability by operating directly with the non-diagonal mass matrix, thereby circumventing the wave-packet formalism and confirming the validity of this approach.
↳ hep-phnucl-th0 citations
14
Nuclear modification factor within a dynamical approach to the complex entropic index
R. Baptista🇧🇷 · L. Q. Rocha🇧🇷 · J. M. C. Pareja🇧🇷 · T. Bhattacharyya🇵🇱 · A. Deppman🇧🇷 · E. Megias🇪🇸 · M. Rybczynski🇵🇱 · G. Wilk🇵🇱 · Z. Wlodarczyk🇵🇱
This work introduces a novel approach to the nuclear deformation factor $R_{AA}$ , grounded in the dynamical effects of the Quark-Gluon Plasma on parton momentum. The approach uses the Blast-Wave method combined with Tsallis Statistics, within the Cooper-Frye freeze-out framework and, by profiting from appropriate simplifications, it gives analytical expressions that describe the observed $R_{AA}$ for two sets of independent measurements at $s = 2.76$ TeV and $s = 5.02$ TeV. A nonlinear dynamical equation describes the dynamics and leads to log-periodic oscillations. With the analytical solutions for that equation, it is possible to link the dynamical approach with the complex- $q$ formalism, which was proposed to describe the log-oscillations observed in experimental data.
↳ hep-phnucl-thEPJA(2025)·4 citations
15
Dihadron Fragmentation and the Confinement Transition in Energy Correlators
Kyle Lee🇺🇸 · Iain Stewart🇺🇸
In this letter, we relate the factorization for $e^{+} e^{-} \to h_{1} h_{2} X$ to the factorization for energy-energy correlators in the collinear limit. This enables us to give a nonperturbative proof of factorization for the energy correlators, relate the energy correlator jet function to transverse-momentum-sensitive dihadron fragmentation functions, and provide a rigorous description of the confinement transition region.
↳ hep-phhep-exnucl-thPRL(2026)·30 citations

Affiliations

first authorsco-authorsvia INSPIRE