Nuclear Theory·nucl-th

Tuesday·May 20, 2025

11 papers—7 primary·4 cross-listed

01
[Submitted on 16 May 2025]
Probing Nuclear Geometry through Multi-Particle Azimuthal Correlations and Rapidity-Even Dipolar Flow in $^{16}$ O+ $^{16}$ O Collisions
Kaiser Shafi🇮🇳 · Sandeep Chatterjee🇮🇳
We study symmetric and asymmetric cumulants as well as rapidity-even dipolar flow in $^{16}$ O+ $^{16}$ O collisions at $s_{N N} = 200$ ~GeV to explore $α$ -clustering phenomena in light nuclei within the viscous relativistic hydrodynamics framework. Signatures of $α$ -clustering manifest in the anisotropic flow coefficients and their correlations -- particularly in observables involving elliptic-triangular flow correlations. We show that final-state symmetric and asymmetric cumulants -- especially $NSC (2, 3)$ and $NAC_{2, 1} (2, 3)$ -- are sensitive to the initial nuclear geometry. Additionally, we observe a significant difference in rapidity-even dipolar flow, $v_{1}^{even}$ , between $α$ -clustered and Woods--Saxon configurations in high-multiplicity events. These findings underscore the pivotal role of nuclear structure in heavy-ion collision dynamics and provide observables for distinguishing nuclear geometries, particularly in ultra-central collisions.
Comments:
14 pages, 7 figures
Subjects:
Nuclear Theory (nucl-th); High Energy Physics — Phenomenology (hep-ph)
arXiv:
2505.11713 [pdf]
EPJC(2026)·6 citations
02
[Submitted on 17 May 2025]
Symmetry energy expansion and the peak value of the bulk viscosity
Steven P Harris🇺🇸
The symmetry energy expansion is a useful way to parametrize the properties of dense matter near nuclear saturation density, and much work has been done to connect physical quantities like the neutron star radius and the core-crust transition density to the symmetry energy parameters. In this work, I connect the weak-interaction-driven bulk viscosity in neutron-proton-electron ( $n p e$ ) matter to the symmetry parameters by calculating the susceptibilities of dense matter in terms of the symmetry energy. I use this result to calculate the resonant-peak value of the bulk viscosity as a function of density, finding that it strongly depends on $L$ , as does the minimum bulk-viscous dissipation timescale. Also resulting from this calculation is a formula for finding the conformal points of the zero-temperature equation of state. Finally, I determine for which values of the symmetry parameters the maximum r-mode-stable rotation frequency of an $n p e$ -matter neutron star is smaller than the Kepler frequency, in the high-temperature conditions where bulk viscosity is the dominant dissipation mechanism.
Comments:
v2: matches version accepted by PRC v3: Added a forgotten reference and fixed typos
Subjects:
Nuclear Theory (nucl-th); High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE); General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
arXiv:
2505.12133 [pdf]
PRC(2025)·8 citations
03
[Submitted on 18 May 2025]
Approach to nuclear cross sections via classical Skyrmion scattering: A proposal
N.S. Manton🇬🇧
By analogy with heavy ion collisions, which can be modelled by a classical hydrodynamics, it is proposed that the differential cross section for collisions of smaller nuclei can be calculated from the classical, numerical scattering data for Skyrmions. It is also suggested that the numerical data for the outgoing particles should be classified into bins, as is done in nuclear physics experiments.
Comments:
7 pages
Subjects:
Nuclear Theory (nucl-th); High Energy Physics — Theory (hep-th)
arXiv:
2505.12362 [pdf]
0 citations
04
[Submitted on 19 May 2025]
Three-nucleon contact forces in the Jacobi partial-wave basis
Lin Zuo🇨🇳 · Hao Yang🇨🇳 · Bingwei Long🇨🇳
We construct the three-nucleon contact potentials in the Jacobi partial-wave basis. The potentials are built in the separable form as the products of the antisymmetrized three-nucleon states in which the nucleons are arbitrarily close to each other. We compile the three-nucleon contact potentials up to $O (Q^{2})$ . These contact potentials are by construction independent operators under exchanges of any nucleon pairs.
Comments:
Removed an unnecessary restriction on the zero-range 3N states. As a result, one more independent operator was found. Added discussion on the transformation between the plane-wave and partial-wave bases. Matches the published version
Subjects:
Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
arXiv:
2505.12793 [pdf]
PRC(2026)·2 citations
05
[Submitted on 19 May 2025]
Study of the hottest droplet of fluid through correlations and fluctuations of collective variables
Rupam Samanta
In this thesis, we focus on the fluctuations and correlations of the collective observables such as the mean transverse momentum per particle ( $[p_{T}]$ ) and harmonic flow coefficients ( $v_{n}$ ) of particles produced in the ultrarelativistic heavy-ion collisions at RHIC and the LHC. Specifically, we show that the fluctuations of harmonic flow can be probed by the factorization-breaking coefficients between flow vectors in different $p_{T}$ -bins. Experimental difficulty can be reduced by taking one of the flow vectors momentum averaged. Fluctuations cause a decorrelation between the flow vectors, which can be attributed to equal contributions from the flow magnitude and flow angle decorrelation. We study fluctuations of mean transverse momentum per particle ( $[p_{T}]$ ) in ultra-central collisions and show that our model can explain the steep fall of its variance observed by the ATLAS collaboration. We also present robust predictions for the skewness and kurtosis, and highlight the role of impact parameter fluctuations in ultracentral collisions. We study the Pearson correlation coefficients between $[p_{T}]$ and $v_{n}^{2}$ , which can map the initial state correlations between the shape and size of the fireball. We show that higher order normalized and symmetric cumulants between these observables can be constructed, which put useful additional constraints on the initial state properties. Furthermore, we study the momentum dependent Pearson correlation between $[p_{T}]$ and the transverse momentum dependent flow. It shows sensitivity to the Gaussian width of the nucleon at the initial state. Finally, we show that such correlations and fluctuations of collective observables can be used to study nuclear deformation and put robust constraints on their deformation parameters through high energy nuclear collisions.
Comments:
PhD Thesis
Subjects:
Nuclear Theory (nucl-th); High Energy Physics — Phenomenology (hep-ph)
arXiv:
2505.12961 [pdf]
1 citation
06
[Submitted on 19 May 2025]
Correlation between U/Th and Pb/Os abundance ratios and its application in nuclear cosmochronology
Y. Y. Huang🇨🇳 · Q. Q. Cui🇨🇳 · X. H. Wu🇨🇳 · S. Q. Zhang🇨🇳
The abundance ratios of radioactive elements U/Th and stable elements Pb/Os from the $r$ -process are found to have a strong correlation. This correlation is quite robust with respect to astrophysical conditions. The U/Th-Pb/Os correlation is then applied to provide customized initial abundance ratios U/Th from the observed abundance ratios Pb/Os for six $r$ -process enhanced metal-poor stars respectively. Ages of these six metal-poor stars are predicted by the U/Th chronometer, which are approximately between $11$ and $15$ Gyr. Their ages are compatible with the cosmic age of 13.8 billion years predicted from the cosmic microwave background radiation.
Comments:
9 pages, 5 figures
Subjects:
Nuclear Theory (nucl-th); Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
arXiv:
2505.13269 [pdf]
ApJ(2025)·5 citations
07
[Submitted on 19 May 2025]
Nucleon-nucleon correlation functions from different interactions in comparison
Matthias Göbel🇮🇹 · Alejandro Kievsky🇮🇹
Correlation functions as they can be observed in heavy-ion collisions using the femtoscopy technique are a powerful tool to study the interaction among different baryons or mesons. Specifically, the multi-nucleon correlation functions have been under intense experimental and theoretical investigation in the recent years. Due to the interest of using this observable as an input in the construction of potentials between hadrons we revisit the nucleon-nucleon correlation function and calculate it using different nuclear interactions at high precision. Since the nucleon-nucleon potential is determined to reproduce the two-nucleon scattering data, we would like to critically evaluate the amount of this information captured by the correlation function. We study the dependence of the correlations on the nuclear force giving detailed insights into the calculations, in particular the convergence behavior in the partial waves. The coupling between the different partial-wave channels is taken into account and the relevance of this effect is quantified. To make contact with precedent studies the results based on the Argonne V18 interaction are presented. Then we consider also the Norfolk NV2-IIa and NV2-IIb chiral EFT interactions. The analysis of the differences between the correlations of the various interactions shows that for momenta between 0 and 500 MeV there are variations of up to 5.9 % for the $nn$ system, of up to 1.8 % for the $n p$ system, and of 1.4 % for the $pp$ system.
Comments:
Paper + supplementary material: 9+3 pages, 10+5 figures
Subjects:
Nuclear Theory (nucl-th); Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
arXiv:
2505.13433 [pdf]
PLB(2025)·13 citations
08
[Submitted on 2 May 2025] (cross-list from physics.comp-ph)
On Robust $β$ -Spectra Shape Parameter Extraction
B. C. Rasco · T. Gray · T. Ruland
Experimental extraction of $β$ -shape functions, C(W), is challenging. Comparing different experimental $β$ -shapes to each other and to those predicted by theory in a consistent manner is difficult. This difficulty is compounded when different parameterizations of the $β$ -shape function are used. Usually some form of a power polynomial of the total electron energy is chosen for this parametrization. This choice results in extracted coefficients that are highly correlated, with their physical meaning and numerical value dependent on the order of polynomial chosen. This is true for both theoretical and experimental coefficients, and leads to challenges when comparing coefficients from polynomials of different orders. Accurately representing the highly correlated uncertainties is difficult and subtle. These issues impact the underlying physical interpretation of shape function parameters. We suggest an alternative approach based on orthogonal polynomials. Orthogonal polynomials offer more stable coefficient extraction which is less dependent on the order of the polynomial, allow for easier comparison between theory and experimental coefficients from polynomials of different orders, and offer some observations on simple physical meaning and on the statistical limits of the extracted coefficients.
Comments:
8 pages, 5 figures
Subjects:
Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph); Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex); Nuclear Theory (nucl-th); physics.chem-ph (physics.chem-ph)
arXiv:
2505.11510 [pdf]
PRC(2026)·0 citations
09
[Submitted on 16 May 2025] (cross-list from nucl-ex)
Unbound neutron $ν 0 d_{3/2}$ strength in $^{17}$ C and the N=16 shell gap
J. Lois-Fuentes🇪🇸 · B. Fernández-Domínguez🇪🇸 · F. Delaunay🇫🇷 · X. Pereira-López🇪🇸 · N.A. Orr🇫🇷 · M. Płoszajczak🇫🇷 · N. Michel🇫🇷 · T. Otsuka🇯🇵 · T. Suzuki🇯🇵 · W.N. Catford🇬🇧 · O. Sorlin🇫🇷 · N.L. Achouri🇫🇷 and 52 other authors
Significant continuum strength has been observed to be populated in $^{17}$ C produced in the d( $^{16}$ C,p) reaction at a beam energy of 17.2~MeV/nucleon. The strength appears at greater than $\sim$ 2~MeV above the single-neutron decay threshold and has been identified as arising from transfer into the neutron $0 d_{3/2}$ orbital. Guided by shell model predictions the greater majority of the strength is associated with a 3/2 $^{+}$ state at an excitation energy of 4.40 $_{- 0.14}^{+ 0.33}$ MeV and a much weaker 3/2 $^{+}$ level at 5.60 $_{- 0.45}^{+ 1.35}$ MeV. The corresponding total widths were determined to be 3.45 $_{- 0.78}^{+ 1.82}$ and 1.6 $_{- 1.4}^{+ 4.6}$ MeV, respectively. From the backward angle proton differential cross sections and the branching ratios for neutron decay to the $^{16}$ C(2 $_{1}^{+}$ ) level, the corresponding spectroscopic factors to the ground state were deduced to be 0.47 $\pm 10$ and $<$ 0.09. Shell-model calculations employing the phenomenological SFO-tls interaction as well as Gamow Shell-Model calculations including continuum effects are in reasonable agreement with experiment, although the predicted strength lies at somewhat lower energy. The size of the N=16 shell gap ( $ε_{ν 0 d_{3/2}} - ε_{ν 1 s_{1/2}}$ ) was estimated to be 5.08 $_{- 0.33}^{+ 0.43}$ ~MeV - some 1.3~MeV larger than found in the SFO-tls shell model calculation.
Subjects:
Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex); Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
arXiv:
2505.11696 [pdf]
PLB(2025)·1 citation
10
[Submitted on 19 May 2025] (cross-list from hep-ph)
Exploring the spectroscopic features of double-strangeness tetraquark states
Xuejie Liu🇨🇳 · Haoming Zheng🇨🇳 · Dianyong Chen🇨🇳 · Hongxia Huang🇨🇳 · Jialun Ping🇨🇳
Since the discovery of the $T_{cc}$ double-charm tetaquark by the LHCb collaboration, the field of the theoretical research on heavy quarks has advanced rapidly, with increasing interest in exploring the light quark sector. In this study, the quark model is employed to systematically analyze the double-strange tetraquark system. Both the meson-meson configuration and diquark-antidiquark configuration are considered. The interactions between hadron pairs under various quantum numbers, as well as the possibilities of bound states and resonances, are evaluated. The results indicate the presence of two bound states, $K ˉ^{*} K ˉ$ and $K ˉ^{*} K ˉ^{*}$ , with quantum number $I (J^{P}) = 0 (1^{+})$ in single-channel estimations. Additionally, by considering the channel coupling between the two configurations, a bound state with quantum numbers $I (J^{P}) = 0 (1^{+})$ and a mass of approximately $1310$ MeV is obtained. Moreover, through the application of Resonance Ground Method, a resonance state is identified in the $I (J^{P}) = 0 (1^{+})$ $\ssqq$ system, with an estimated mass of around 1783 MeV and a decay width of approximately 17 MeV.
Subjects:
High Energy Physics — Phenomenology (hep-ph); Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
arXiv:
2505.12828 [pdf]
PRD(2026)·1 citation
11
[Submitted on 19 May 2025] (cross-list from hep-ph)
Basis light-front quantization approach to deuteron
Chandan Mondal🇨🇳 · Satvir Kaur🇨🇳 · Jiatong Wu🇨🇳 · Siqi Xu🇨🇳 · Xingbo Zhao🇨🇳 · James P. Vary🇺🇸
We obtain the deuteron's wave functions as eigenstates of the light-front quantum chromodynamics (QCD) Hamiltonian using a fully relativistic and nonperturbative approach based on light-front quantization, without an explicit confining potential. These eigenstates include six-quark and six-quark--one-gluon components. The deuteron wave function consists of both a singlet-singlet color state and additional hidden color states arising from non-trivial color rearrangements. Our results reveal that while the singlet-singlet state is present, the hidden color states collectively dominate, contributing a larger probability to the deuteron wave function. This highlights the significant role of hidden color components in the QCD description of nuclear structure. Using these wave functions, we investigate the deuteron's electromagnetic properties.
Comments:
18 pages, 2 figures; version to appear in Journal of Subatomic Physics and Cosmology; invited talk at the International Conference: Nuclear Theory in the Supercomputing Era - 2024 (NTSE-2024), Busan, Republic of Korea, December 1-7, 2024
Subjects:
High Energy Physics — Phenomenology (hep-ph); High Energy Physics — Theory (hep-th); Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
arXiv:
2505.12889 [pdf]
J.Subatomic Part.Cosmol.(2025)·6 citations

Affiliations

first authorsco-authorsvia INSPIRE