Nuclear Theory·nucl-th

Tuesday·April 22, 2025

12 papers—10 primary·2 cross-listed

01
[Submitted on 17 Apr 2025]
Rapidity scan with DCCI at LHC energy
Shin-ei Fujii🇯🇵 · Yasuki Tachibana🇯🇵 · Tetsufumi Hirano🇯🇵
We extend the dynamical core-corona initialization (DCCI2) model to include the baryon number evolution in the entire system created in high-energy heavy-ion collisions. Introducing the source term for the baryon number, we describe the early-stage equilibration and later-stage hydrodynamic evolution of the baryon number throughout the system from midrapidity to forward rapidity. Through numerical simulations with this extended model, we show that extremely large baryon chemical potentials are realized in forward rapidity regions at the LHC energy and are comparable to those of the BES energies. Moreover, we show that fluctuations of baryon chemical potentials are large and, consequently, negative baryon chemical potential regions appear at midrapidity.
Comments:
4 pages, 2 figures, proceedings of ATHIC 2025, Berhampur, Odisha, India, 13-16 Jan. 2025
Subjects:
Nuclear Theory (nucl-th); High Energy Physics — Phenomenology (hep-ph); Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
arXiv:
2504.13963 [pdf]
J.Subatomic Part.Cosmol.(2026)·1 citation
02
[Submitted on 19 Apr 2025]
Neutrino cooling rates due to nickel isotopes for presupernova evolution of massive stars
Jameel-Un Nabi · Ramoona Shehzadi · Muhammad Majid
Simulation studies indicate that weak interaction rates on nickel isotopes play a crucial role in determining the electron-to-baryon ratio within the stellar interior during the late stages of core evolution. (Anti)neutrinos produced through weak decay processes escape from stellar regions with densities below 10^11 g/cm^3, carrying away energy and thereby reducing the core entropy. In this work, we present a microscopic calculation of neutrino and antineutrino cooling rates resulting from weak interactions on nickel isotopes in the mass range 56 <= A <= 71. The calculations are performed using the deformed proton-neutron Quasiparticle Random Phase Approximation (pn-QRPA) model. Recent investigations into the Gamow-Teller (GT) strength distributions of nickel isotopes demonstrate that the deformed pn-QRPA model successfully reproduces experimental charge-changing transition data.
Comments:
33 pages, 8 tables, 9 figures
Subjects:
Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
arXiv:
2504.14197 [pdf]
New Astron.(2019)·0 citations
03
[Submitted on 19 Apr 2025]
Ground-state nuclear properties of neutron-rich copper isotopes and lepton capture rates in stellar matter
Jameel-Un Nabi · Tuncay Bayram · Muhammad Majid
This study consists of two separate investigations centered on neutron-rich isotopes of copper, utilizing two distinct nuclear models. In the first part, the nuclear ground-state properties of copper isotopes in the mass range 72 <= A <= 82 were analyzed using the relativistic mean field (RMF) model. Quadrupole moment-constrained RMF calculations were carried out with DD-ME2 and DD-PC1 density-dependent interactions to compute the ground-state binding energies, charge radii, proton and neutron radii, quadrupole moments, and deformation parameters for the 71-82Cu isotopes. The results show good agreement with the limited experimental data available and previous theoretical predictions. In addition, potential energy curves were evaluated to investigate the ground-state geometrical configurations of these isotopes. The second part of the study is devoted to calculating lepton capture rates under stellar conditions. While earlier works have provided allowed Gamow-Teller (GT) and unique first-forbidden (U1F) beta-decay rates for selected neutron-rich Cu isotopes in stellar environments, the corresponding lepton capture rates had not yet been computed. This paper presents, for the first time, those lepton capture rates.
Comments:
28 Pages, 12 Figures, 4 Tables
Subjects:
Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
arXiv:
2504.14201 [pdf]
Acta Physica Polonica B, 49(8) (2018)·0 citations
04
[Submitted on 20 Apr 2025]
Correlations and fluctuations in a magnetized three-flavor PNJL model with and without inverse magnetic catalysis effect
Shijun Mao
The correlations $χ_{11}^{B Q}, χ_{11}^{B S}, χ_{11}^{QS}$ and quadratic (quartic) fluctuations $χ_{2, 4}^{B, Q, S}$ of baryon number $B$ , electric charge $Q$ and strangeness $S$ are investigated in a three-flavor PNJL model at finite temperature and magnetic field. The inverse magnetic catalysis (IMC) effect is introduced through the magnetic field dependent parameters $G (e B)$ or $T_{0} (e B)$ , and we make comparison of the results in the cases with and without IMC effect. Since including IMC effect does not change the strength of phase transition under external magnetic field, it does not lead to qualitative difference in the correlations and fluctuations, but modifies their values. Under vanishing and nonvanishing magnetic field, the correlations and fluctuations increase with temperature, and then show the peak around the pseudocritical temperatures of chiral restoration and deconfinement phase transitions. The peak structure in $χ_{11}^{B Q}$ , $χ_{4}^{B}$ and $χ_{4}^{Q}$ are much more apparent than in others. The correlations and fluctuations along the phase transition line under external magnetic field are characterized by the scaled correlations $χ^_{11}^{X Y} = \frac{χ _{11}^{X Y} ( e B , T _{p c}^{c} ( e B ))}{χ _{11}^{X Y} ( e B = 0 , T _{p c}^{c} ( e B = 0 ))}$ and scaled quadratic (quartic) fluctuations $χ^_{2, 4}^{X} = \frac{χ _{2, 4}^{X} ( e B , T _{p c}^{c} ( e B ))}{χ _{2, 4}^{X} ( e B = 0 , T _{p c}^{c} ( e B = 0 ))}$ , with $X, Y = B, Q, S$ and $X \neq = Y$ at the pseudocritical temperature $T_{p c}^{c}$ of chiral restoration phase transition. They increase with magnetic fields due to the increase of phase transition strength under magnetic fields. Among them, $χ^_{11}^{B Q}$ increases fastest, which may serve as the magnetometer of QCD.
Comments:
11 pages, 7 figures
Subjects:
Nuclear Theory (nucl-th); High Energy Physics — Phenomenology (hep-ph)
arXiv:
2504.14532 [pdf]
PRD(2025)·9 citations
05
[Submitted on 20 Apr 2025]
An effective finite-range Gogny-type interaction for the quantum molecular dynamics like model
Meiqi Sun🇨🇳 · Dandan Niu🇨🇳 · Junping Yang🇨🇳 · Ying Cui🇨🇳 · Zhuxia Li🇨🇳 · Qiang Zhao🇨🇳 · Kai Zhao🇨🇳 · Yingxun Zhang🇨🇳
In this work, we propose an effective finite-range Gogny-type interaction that can be directly used in the quantum molecular dynamics (QMD) like model. Two methods for determining the parameters of the effective interaction are discussed. The first method establishes an approach to connect the conventional Gogny interaction in nuclear structure to that in heavy-ion collisions, the second method allows for the description of the symmetry energy varying from the supersoft to stiff, as well as the momentum-dependent symmetry potential, exhibiting behaviors ranging from monotonic to non-monotonic variations. This effective interaction opens up opportunities for a deeper understanding of finite-range interactions and non-monotonic momentum-dependent symmetry potentials in future studies.
Comments:
9 pages, 5 figures
Subjects:
Nuclear Theory (nucl-th); Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
arXiv:
2504.14533 [pdf]
0 citations
06
[Submitted on 20 Apr 2025]
Kinetic Theory of Quasiparticles, Retarded Correlators and Hydrodynamics
Ali Hataei🇮🇷 · Roya Heydari🇮🇷 · Farid Taghinavaz🇮🇷
Within the relaxation time approximation under a constant mass profile, we investigate the collective dynamics of a system of massive relativistic particles described by the Maxwell-Boltzmann equilibrium distribution. We analytically derive the two-point retarded correlation functions for both charge and energy-momentum tensor components at arbitrary momentum and frequency. We expand our results in the limits of very small and very large mass-to-temperature ratios ( $m / T$ ). Similar to the massless case, we identify a critical threshold in ( $k τ$ ) below which the correlators permit physical solutions. This behavior arises from a logarithmic branch cut in the spectral function. At higher momenta, solutions emerge significantly below this cut, corresponding to non-hydrodynamic modes. Our analysis demonstrates that hydrodynamic poles dominate in the strong coupling regime, while the weak coupling regime features a logarithmic branch cut extending along $ω = k$ and $ω = - k$ . Notably, in the sound channel, finite mass modifies the standard propagating sound mode, converting it into a purely imaginary mode. In contrast, the shear channel exhibits modes that asymptotically converge to their massless counterparts. Additionally, we compute the transport coefficients for shear and bulk viscosity, along with higher-order gradient corrections up to third order, expressed as perturbative expansions in both the small and large ( $m / T$ ) regimes.
Comments:
25 pages, 7 figures
Subjects:
Nuclear Theory (nucl-th); High Energy Physics — Phenomenology (hep-ph); High Energy Physics — Theory (hep-th)
arXiv:
2504.14591 [pdf]
3 citations
07
[Submitted on 20 Apr 2025]
The quest for the quark-gluon plasma from the perspective of dynamical models of relativistic heavy-ion collisions
Marcus Bleicher🇩🇪 · Elena Bratkovskaya🇩🇪
The physics of heavy-ion collisions is one of the most exciting and challenging directions of science for the last four decades. On the theoretical side one deals with a non-abelian field theory, while on the experimental side today's largest accelerators are needed to enable these studies. The discovery of a new stage of matter - called the quark-gluon plasma (QGP) - and the study of its properties is one of the major achievements of modern physics. In this contribution we briefly review the history of theoretical descriptions of heavy-ion collisions based on dynamical models, focusing on the personal experiences in this inspiring field.
Comments:
12 pages, 9 figures; contribution to the Astronomische Nachrichten, Special issue: IWARA2024 Reviews
Subjects:
Nuclear Theory (nucl-th); High Energy Physics — Experiment (hep-ex); High Energy Physics — Phenomenology (hep-ph); Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
arXiv:
2504.14740 [pdf]
0 citations
08
[Submitted on 21 Apr 2025]
Emulating multi-channel scattering based on the eigenvector continuation in the discrete basis formalism
K. Hagino · Zehong Liao · S. Yoshida · M. Kimura · K. Uzawa
We construct an emulator for a multi-channel scattering problem based on the eigenvector continuation. To this end, we employ the Kohn variational principle formulated in the discrete basis formalism. We apply this to one-dimensional scattering problems with a Gaussian barrier. Both for a single-channel and two-channel problems, we demonstrate that the penetration probability as well as the wave functions are well reproduced by the emulator. In particular, the energy dependence of the penetrability in a wider range of energy from well below the barrier to well above the barrier is successfully reproduced.
Comments:
8 pages, 5 figures
Subjects:
Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
arXiv:
2504.14922 [pdf]
PRC(2025)·4 citations
09
[Submitted on 21 Apr 2025]
Probing high-order deformation effects in neutron-deficient nuclei $^{246, 248}$ No with improved potential-energy-surface calculations
Jin-Liang Guo · Hua-Lei Wang · Kui Xiao · Zhen-Zhen Zhang · Min-Liang Liu
The high-order deformation effects in even-even $^{246, 248}$ No are investigated by means of pairing self-consistent Woods-Saxon-Strutinsky calculations using the potential-energy-surface (PES) approach in an extended deformation space $(β_{2}, β_{3}, β_{4}, β_{5}, β_{6}, β_{7}, β_{8})$ . Based on the calculated two-dimensional-projected energy maps and different potential-energy curves, we find that the highly even-order deformations have an important impact on both the fission trajectory and energy minima, while the odd-order deformations, accompanying the even-order ones, primarily affect the fission path beyond the second barrier. Relative to the light actinide nuclei, nuclear ground state changes to the superdeformed configuration but the normally-deformed minimum, as the low-energy shape isomer, may still be primarily responsible for enhancing nuclear stability and ensuring experimental accessibility in $^{246, 248}$ No. Our present investigation indicates the nonnegligible impact of high-order deformation effects along the fission valley and will be helpful for deepening the understandings of different deformation effects and deformation couplings in nuclei, especially in this neutron-deficient heavy-mass region.
Comments:
10 pages, 7 figures
Subjects:
Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
arXiv:
2504.15016 [pdf]
Nucl.Sci.Tech.(2026)·4 citations
10
[Submitted on 21 Apr 2025]
Imprints of octupole collectivity in uranium-238 on relativistic heavy-ion flow observables
Chunjian Zhang🇨🇳 · Jiangyong Jia🇺🇸 · Jinhui Chen🇨🇳 · Chun Shen🇺🇸 · Lumeng Liu🇨🇳
Some atomic nuclei exhibit enhanced octupole collectivity, reflected in finite reflection-asymmetric multipole correlations rather than necessarily in a rigid static pear-shaped ground state. Low-energy studies indicate finite octupole strength in uranium-238, commonly interpreted as soft or vibrational in nature, in addition to its large prolate quadrupole collectivity~\cite{MCGOWAN1994569,KIBEDI:2002wxc}, in addition to its large prolate quadrupole collectivity. Here we investigate how such octupole correlations can be encoded in the initial geometry of relativistic heavy-ion collisions and mapped to final-state flow observables. Using state-of-the-art hydrodynamic calculations, we demonstrate quantitative sensitivity to octupole-induced features encoded in the initial-state geometry and suggest a modest octupole collectivity in uranium-238, confirmed by the latest high-energy experimental measurements~\cite{STAR:2025elk}. These findings provide as a complementary probe of odd-order nuclear collectivity and help constrain quark-gluon plasma initial conditions.
Comments:
9 pages, 4 figures
Subjects:
Nuclear Theory (nucl-th); Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
arXiv:
2504.15245 [pdf]
PRResearch(2026)·15 citations
11
[Submitted on 14 Apr 2025] (cross-list from nucl-ex)
Precise Measurement of Short-Range Correlations in Nuclei from Bremsstrahlung Gamma Ray Emission in Low-Energy Heavy-Ion Collisions
Junhuai Xu🇨🇳 · Qinglin Niu🇨🇳 · Yuhao Qin🇨🇳 · Dawei Si🇨🇳 · Yijie Wang🇨🇳 · Sheng Xiao🇨🇳 · Baiting Tian🇨🇳 · Zhi Qin🇨🇳 · Haojie Zhang🇨🇳 · Boyuan Zhang🇨🇳 · Dong Guo🇨🇳 · Minxue Fu🇨🇳 and 24 other authors
Atomic nuclei and dense nucleonic matter in neutron stars exhibit short-range correlations (SRCs), where nucleons form temporally correlated pairs in proximity beyond mean-field approximation. It is essential to make precision measurement of the fraction of SRC since it carries the signature of underlying quark dynamics in nuclear medium. In this letter, we present the first high-precision measurement of neutron-proton bremsstrahlung $γ$ -ray emission from the symmetric $^{124} Sn$ + $^{124} Sn$ reactions at 25 MeV/u. From the observed spectral hardening, the precise SRC fraction in the $^{124} Sn$ nucleus is extracted to be $(20 \pm 3) %$ . This result provides a novel, direct and unambiguous evidence of SRCs, and demonstrates that low-energy heavy-ion collisions offers a new approach to studying nuclear structure in connection with quark-level dynamics.
Subjects:
Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex); Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
arXiv:
2504.13929 [pdf]
PRResearch(2025)·8 citations
12
[Submitted on 20 Apr 2025] (cross-list from quant-ph)
Toward extracting scattering phase shift from integrated correlation functions on quantum computers
Peng Guo🇺🇸
Based on a established relation in Refs.~\cite{Guo:2023ecc,Guo:2024zal,Guo:2024pvt} that relates the integrated correlation functions for a trapped system to the infinite volume scattering phase shifts through a weighted integral, we propose to extract the infinite volume scattering phase shifts through quantum simulation of the integrated correlation functions of trapped two-particle systems on quantum computers. The integrated correlation function can be computed by an ancilla-based algorithm proposed in Ref.~\cite{PhysRevA.64.022319}. The proposal is demonstrated with a simple contact interaction fermion model.
Comments:
match to accepted version in Physical Review Research
Subjects:
Quantum Physics (quant-ph); High Energy Physics — Lattice (hep-lat); Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
arXiv:
2504.14474 [pdf]
PRResearch(2025)·6 citations

Affiliations

first authorsco-authorsvia INSPIRE