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Nuclear Theory·nucl-th

Friday·February 28, 2025

14 papers—8 primary·6 cross-listed

All14Primary8Cross-lists6
  1. 09

    Structure of center-vortex matter in SU(4) Yang-Mills theory

    Jackson A. Mickley🇦🇺 · Derek B. Leinweber🇦🇺 · Luis E. Oxman🇧🇷

    The structure of center vortices is studied in SU(4) Yang-Mills theory for the first time to illuminate the interplay between elementary (center charge ) and doubly charged vortices. Unlike in SU(3), where charge vortices are simply elementary vortices with reversed orientations in spacetime, these possibilities are physically distinct in SU(4). Visualizations of the vortex structure in three-dimensional slices reveal the various ways in which doubly charged objects manifest, as the convergence and matching of elementary vortices or as isolated doubly charged loops. An algorithm is described to classify every doubly charged chain as one of these three types. A collection of vortex statistics is considered to quantify the vortex structure. Many of these pertain to the novel doubly charged objects, including their relative proportions and chain lengths, which are analyzed to highlight the differences between each chain type. Three different lattice spacings are employed to investigate the approach to the continuum limit. Vortex matching chains are found to be shorter on average but also more prevalent than vortex convergences, ascribed to their interpretation as extended center monopoles. In addition, the lengths of both vortex convergences and vortex matchings are observed to follow an exponential distribution, allowing the introduction of a constant probability for a doubly charged chain to split into two elementary vortices as it propagates. Combined, these findings provide a characterization of the vortices that comprise center-vortex structures in SU(4) Yang-Mills theory.

    ↳ hep-lathep-phhep-thnucl-thPRD(2025)·3 citations
  2. 10

    Gross-Llewellyn Smith sum rule from lattice QCD

    K. Utku Can🇦🇺 · Joshua A. Crawford🇦🇺 · Roger Horsley🇬🇧 · Paul E. L. Rakow🇬🇧 · Thomas G. Schar🇦🇺 · Gerrit Schierholz🇩🇪 · Hinnerk Stüben🇩🇪 · Ross D. Young🇦🇺 · James M. Zanotti🇦🇺

    We compute the Gross-Llewellyn Smith sum rule, i.e. the lowest odd moment of the parity-violating structure function, , of the nucleon from a lattice QCD calculation of the Compton amplitude. Our calculations are performed on lattices at the symmetric point for two lattice spacings. We extract the moments for several values of the current momenta in the range , covering both the nonperturbative and perturbative regimes. We compare our moments to the Gross-Llewellyn Smith sum rule and discuss the implications for higher-twist effects, a determination of from a hadronic quantity complementing the phenomenological and other lattice approaches, and electroweak box contributions crucial for Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa matrix unitarity studies.

    ↳ hep-lathep-phnucl-exnucl-thPRD(2025)·3 citations
  3. 11

    QCD Vacuum Energy and Its Implication for Quark Nugget Stability

    Yang Bai🇺🇸 · Ting-Kuo Chen🇺🇸

    In this work, we employ both theoretical and data-driven methods to derive the QCD vacuum energy, utilizing the GMOR relation, the low-energy theorem, and the equation of state from Lattice QCD. The QCD vacuum energy is determined to be between around and . With the assumptions of complete deconfinement, vanishing gluon condensate, full chiral-symmetry restoration, and the validity of perturbative QCD at baryon chemical potentials of order of the proton mass, a very specific kind of quark nugget is found to be less stable than ordinary nuclei.

    ↳ hep-phhep-latnucl-thPRD(2026)·8 citations
  4. 12

    Generative adversarial neural networks for simulating neutrino interactions

    Jose L. Bonilla🇵🇱 · Krzysztof M. Graczyk🇵🇱 · Artur M. Ankowski🇵🇱 · Rwik Dharmapal Banerjee🇵🇱 · Beata E. Kowal🇵🇱 · Hemant Prasad🇵🇱 · Jan T. Sobczyk🇵🇱

    We propose a new approach to simulate neutrino scattering events as an alternative to the standard Monte Carlo generator approach. Generative adversarial neural network (GAN) models are developed to simulate charged current neutrino-carbon collisions in the few-GeV energy range. We consider a simplified framework to generate muon kinematic variables, specifically its energy and scattering angle. GAN models are trained on simulation data from \nuwro{} Monte Carlo event generator. Two GAN models have been obtained: one simulating quasielastic neutrino-nucleus scatterings and another simulating all interactions at given neutrino energy. The models work for neutrino energy ranging from 300 MeV to 10 GeV. The performance of both models has been assessed using two statistical metrics. It is shown that both GAN models successfully reproduce the distribution of muon kinematics.

    ↳ hep-phcs.LGhep-exnucl-ex+1PRD(2025)·5 citations
  5. 13

    Long-range interactions in double heavy tetraquarks

    Muhammad Naeem Anwar🇬🇧

    At the large distances compared to the chiral symmetry breaking scale, a four-quark system (with as heavy and as light quarks) can be treated as two asymptotic mesons interacting via strong residual forces. The static heavy quark assumption enables using the Born-Oppenheimer approximation, where one can compute the potential between two heavy antiquarks in the presence of two light quarks of finite mass -- a prescription utilized in several lattice QCD studies. To analyse the long-range strong force in a system, we study the interaction between two bottom mesons in the heavy quark limit using chiral effective field theory and dispersion theory with unphysical pion mass. We present methods to obtain two-pion-exchange potential between two static heavy mesons at non-physical pion mass and compare our preliminary results with the corresponding lattice QCD potentials.

    ↳ hep-phhep-latnucl-thPoS(2025)·0 citations
  6. 14

    Rotational Brownian motion and heavy quark polarization in QCD medium

    Sourav Dey🇮🇳 · Amaresh Jaiswal🇮🇳

    We consider the rotational Brownian motion of heavy quark in QCD medium and provide analytical results for polarization of open heavy-flavor hadrons. We calculate expressions for vector and tensor polarization, corresponding to baryon spin polarization and vector meson spin alignment, respectively. Assuming that heavy quarks are initially fully spin polarized along the direction of magnetic field, we compare our results with recent experimental data from ALICE collaboration for meson and provide predictions for spin polarization of open charm baryons. We propose that the transverse momentum dependence of heavy quark polarization may serve as a distinctive signature of the intense initial magnetic field generated in off-central relativistic heavy-ion collisions.

    ↳ hep-phnucl-thPLB(2026)·10 citations

Affiliations

first authorsco-authorsvia INSPIRE