Nuclear Theory·nucl-th

Wednesday·February 26, 2025

17 papers—8 primary·9 cross-listed

09
[Submitted on 24 Feb 2025] (cross-list from hep-ph)
Determining the Density of the Sun with Neutrinos
Peter B. Denton🇺🇸 · Charles Gourley🇺🇸
The discovery of solar neutrinos confirmed that the inner workings of the Sun generally match our theoretical understanding of the fusion process. Solar neutrinos have also played a role in discovering that neutrinos have mass and that they oscillate. We combine the latest solar neutrino data along with other oscillation data from reactors to determine the Sun's density profile. We derive constraints given the current data and show the anticipated improvements with more reactor neutrino data from JUNO constraining the true oscillation parameters and more solar neutrino data from DUNE which should provide a crucial measurement of $h e p$ neutrinos.
Comments:
10 pages, 6 figures, 1 table, comments welcome! v2: references, clarifying remarks added, typo fixed, matches published version
Subjects:
High Energy Physics — Phenomenology (hep-ph); High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE); Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR); High Energy Physics — Experiment (hep-ex); Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
arXiv:
2502.17546 [pdf]
PLB(2025)·6 citations
10
[Submitted on 24 Feb 2025] (cross-list from quant-ph)
Maximal Magic for Two-qubit States
Qiaofeng Liu🇺🇸 · Ian Low🇺🇸 · Zhewei Yin🇺🇸
Magic is a quantum resource essential for universal quantum computation and represents the deviation of quantum states from those that can be simulated efficiently using classical algorithms. Using the Stabilizer Rényi Entropy (SRE), we investigate two-qubit states with maximal magic, which are most distinct from classical simulability, and provide strong numerical evidence that the maximal second order SRE is $ln (16/7) \approx 0.827$ , establishing a tighter bound than the prior $ln (5/2) \approx 0.916$ . We identify 480 states saturating the new bound, which turn out to be the fiducial states for the mutually unbiased bases (MUBs) generated by the orbits of the Weyl-Heisenberg (WH) group, and conjecture that WH-MUBs are the maximal magic states for $n$ -qubit, when $n \neq = 1$ and 3. We also reveal a striking interplay between magic and entanglement: the entanglement of maximal magic states is restricted to two possible values, $1/2$ and $1/ 2$ , as quantified by the concurrence; none is maximally entangled.
Comments:
6 pages, 1 figure; published version
Subjects:
Quantum Physics (quant-ph); Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech); High Energy Physics — Phenomenology (hep-ph); High Energy Physics — Theory (hep-th); Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
arXiv:
2502.17550 [pdf]
Quantum Sci.Technol.(2026)·33 citations
11
[Submitted on 24 Feb 2025] (cross-list from hep-ph)
Emergent Hydrodynamic Mode on SU(2) Plaquette Chains and Quantum Simulation
Francesco Turro🇺🇸 · Xiaojun Yao🇺🇸
We search for emergent hydrodynamic modes in real-time Hamiltonian dynamics of $2 + 1$ -dimensional SU(2) lattice gauge theory on a quasi one dimensional plaquette chain, by numerically computing symmetric correlation functions of energy densities on lattice sizes of about $20$ with the local Hilbert space truncated at $j_{max} = \frac{1}{2}$ . Because of the Umklapp processes, we only find a mode for energy diffusion. The symmetric correlator exhibits transport peak near zero frequency with a width approximately proportional to momentum squared at small momentum, when the system is fully quantum ergodic, as indicated by the eigenenergy level statistics. This transport peak leads to a power-law $t^{- \frac{1}{2}}$ decay of the symmetric correlator at late time, also known as the long-time tail, as well as diffusion-like spreading in position space. We also introduce a quantum algorithm for computing the symmetric correlator on a quantum computer and find it gives results consistent with exact diagonalization when tested on the IBM emulator. Finally we discuss the future prospect of searching for the sound modes.
Comments:
15 pages, 7 figures; v2: corrected some typos
Subjects:
High Energy Physics — Phenomenology (hep-ph); Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech); High Energy Physics — Lattice (hep-lat); Nuclear Theory (nucl-th); Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
arXiv:
2502.17551 [pdf]
PRD(2025)·17 citations
12
[Submitted on 24 Feb 2025] (cross-list from hep-ph)
Real-time simulation of jet energy loss and entropy production in high-energy scattering with matter
João Barata🇨🇭 · Enrique Rico🇨🇭
In analogy to high-energy nuclear scattering experiments, we study a real-time scattering process between a propagating state and a dense target in $1 + 1$ -d massive QED. In our setup, we identify three distinct regimes that qualitatively characterize the evolution: for a dilute medium, the incoming probe state evolves nearly ballistically; in an intermediate setting, it traverses the matter, locally exciting it; and for dense targets, one approaches a black-disk limit, where the matter acts as a strong wall potential. We find evidence that the probe's energy loss rate scales linearly with the path length in the medium, and we study how the entanglement entropy reveals the mixing between the probe and medium states. With the goal of one day replicating high-energy nuclear experiments in quantum devices, we briefly discuss how the current tensor network-based simulations can be translated to a quantum simulator.
Comments:
12 pages, 8 figures
Subjects:
High Energy Physics — Phenomenology (hep-ph); Nuclear Theory (nucl-th); Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
arXiv:
2502.17558 [pdf]
Commun.Phys.(2026)·26 citations
13
[Submitted on 25 Feb 2025] (cross-list from hep-ph)
Five-body systems with Bethe-Salpeter equations
Gernot Eichmann🇦🇹 · M.T. Peña🇵🇹 · Raul D. Torres🇵🇹
We extend the Bethe-Salpeter formalism to systems made of five valence particles. Restricting ourselves to two-body interactions, we derive the subtraction terms necessary to prevent overcounting. We solve the five-body Bethe-Salpeter equation numerically for a system of five scalar particles interacting by a scalar exchange boson. To make the calculations tractable, we implement properties of the permutation group S5 and construct an approximation based on intermediate two- and three-body poles. We extract the five-body ground and excited states along with the spectra obtained from the two-, three-, and four-body equations. In the limit of a massless exchange particle, the two-, three, four- and five-body states coexist within a certain range of the coupling strength, whereas for heavier exchange particles the five-body system becomes Borromean. Our study serves as a building block for the calculation of pentaquark properties using functional methods.
Comments:
10 pages, 9 figures
Subjects:
High Energy Physics — Phenomenology (hep-ph); Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
arXiv:
2502.17944 [pdf]
PLB(2025)·8 citations
14
[Submitted on 25 Feb 2025] (cross-list from astro-ph.HE)
Rapidly spinning dark matter-admixed neutron stars
Lorenzo Cipriani🇮🇹 · Edoardo Giangrandi🇵🇹 · Violetta Sagun🇬🇧 · Daniela D. Doneva🇩🇪 · Stoytcho S. Yazadjiev🇧🇬
Millisecond pulsars, representing the older neutron star population, are believed to have undergone a prolonged period of dark matter accumulation, resulting in a higher dark matter content. Their extreme rotation makes them unique laboratories for studying rapidly rotating neutron stars admixed with dark matter. In this work, we model uniformly rotating neutron stars with a dark matter component that rotates independently from the baryon matter, allowing for the investigation of both co-rotating and counter-rotating scenarios. We examine the impact of dark matter rotation on the macroscopic properties of neutron stars, including the mass-radius relation, the mass-shedding Keplerian limit, and moments of inertia, for various dark matter particle masses and total fractions, considering both core and halo distributions. Our findings provide a more comprehensive understanding of how dark matter influences the equilibrium properties of rotating neutron stars, offering new insights into the astrophysical implications of self-interacting dark matter.
Comments:
14 pages, 8 figures; included discussion on origin of dark matter rotation
Subjects:
High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE); General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc); High Energy Physics — Phenomenology (hep-ph); Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
arXiv:
2502.17948 [pdf]
PRD(2025)·16 citations
15
[Submitted on 25 Feb 2025] (cross-list from hep-lat)
Two- and three-meson scattering amplitudes with physical quark masses from lattice QCD
Sebastian M. Dawid🇺🇸 · Zachary T. Draper🇺🇸 · Andrew D. Hanlon🇺🇸 · Ben Hörz🇩🇪 · Colin Morningstar🇺🇸 · Fernando Romero-López🇨🇭 · Stephen R. Sharpe🇺🇸 · Sarah Skinner🇺🇸
We study systems of two and three mesons composed of pions and kaons at maximal isospin using four CLS ensembles with $a \approx 0.063$ fm, including one with approximately physical quark masses. Using the stochastic Laplacian-Heaviside method, we determine the energy spectrum of these systems including many levels in different momentum frames and irreducible representations. Using the relativistic two- and three-body finite-volume formalism, we constrain the two and three-meson K matrices, including not only the leading $s$ wave, but also $p$ and $d$ waves. By solving the three-body integral equations, we determine, for the first time, the physical-point scattering amplitudes for $3 π^{+}$ , $3 K^{+}$ , $π^{+} π^{+} K^{+}$ and $K^{+} K^{+} π^{+}$ systems. These are determined for total angular momentum $J^{P} = 0^{-}$ , $1^{+}$ , and $2^{-}$ . We also obtain accurate results for $2 π^{+}$ , $π^{+} K^{+}$ , and $2 K^{+}$ phase shifts. We compare our results to Chiral Perturbation Theory, and to phenomenological fits.
Comments:
61 pages, 33 figures, 37 tables. v2: minor changes in presentation to match published version. Energy levels as anc files
Subjects:
High Energy Physics — Lattice (hep-lat); High Energy Physics — Phenomenology (hep-ph); Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
arXiv:
2502.17976 [pdf]
PRD(2025)·29 citations
16
[Submitted on 25 Feb 2025] (cross-list from hep-ph)
On the momentum space structure of the quark propagator
O. Oliveira🇵🇹 · T. Frederico🇧🇷 · W. de Paula🇧🇷
The structure of the quark propagator in momentum space is explored taking into account non-perturbative QCD dynamics constraints for the quark spectral densities derived previously. We assume that the scalar and vector component of the quark propagator share a simple pole but not its residuum, together with other structures. Furthermore, a connection between the poles of the quark propagator and the zeros of the quark wave function $Z (p^{2})$ is established. Asymptotic scaling laws for the representation of the quark propagator, after removing the shared pole, are also derived. The confrontation of our results with lattice data for the full QCD quark propagator data are in good agreement. Exploring the link with the lattice data and looking at the Bethe-Salpeter vertex and amplitude, in the chiral limit, we are able to provide estimations for these quantities, for $f_{π}$ and for the shared pole mass. The pole mass reproduces the constituent quark mass used in the quark models.
Subjects:
High Energy Physics — Phenomenology (hep-ph); High Energy Physics — Theory (hep-th); Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
arXiv:
2502.18335 [pdf]
EPJC(2025)·3 citations
17
[Submitted on 25 Feb 2025] (cross-list from hep-ph)
Rotational stability of magnetic field in rotating quark-gluon plasma
Aritra Das🇺🇸 · Kirill Tuchin🇺🇸
Relaxation of the magnetic field in rigidly rotating quark-gluon plasma is studied. It is shown that the infrared modes satisfying $k < ∣ m ∣Ω$ and $k < ∣ m \pm 1∣Ω$ , where integer $m$ is the projection of the orbital angular momentum along the rotating axis and $Ω$ is the angular velocity, are unstable. The instability onset time and the magnetic field growth rate are computed for a standard initial profile of the magnetic field. Given the present phenomenological values of $Ω$ and electrical conductivity $σ$ the instability is not expected to be a significant factor in the field's time evolution.
Comments:
16 pages, 5 figures
Subjects:
High Energy Physics — Phenomenology (hep-ph); Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
arXiv:
2502.18354 [pdf]
NPA(2025)·6 citations

Affiliations

first authorsco-authorsvia INSPIRE