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Nuclear Theory·nucl-th

Tuesday·February 25, 2025

21 papers—6 primary·15 cross-listed

All21Primary6Cross-lists15
  1. 01

    [Submitted on 22 Feb 2025]

    A systematic study of initial state quark energy loss in fixed target proton nucleus collision

    Sourav Kanti Giri🇮🇳 · Partha Pratim Bhaduri🇮🇳 · Biswarup Paul🇮🇳 · Santosh K. Das🇮🇳

    In this article, we investigate parton energy loss in cold nuclear matter by studying the ratio of Drell-Yan production cross sections in fixed-target proton-nucleus (p + A) collisions. We analyze Drell-Yan production cross-section data from the Fermilab E866 and E906 experiments using two different quark energy loss parametrization models and various parton distribution functions for 800 GeV and 120 GeV proton beams incident on light and heavy nuclear targets. The sensitivity of the energy loss parameter on the employed parton distribution function has been thoroughly investigated. Our results have been used to predict the target mass dependence of Drell-Yan production in upcoming proton-induced collisions at SPS and FAIR.

    Comments:
    Already accepted in the European Physical Journal C
    Subjects:
    Nuclear Theory (nucl-th); Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
    arXiv:
    2502.16259 [pdf]
    EPJC(2025)·5 citations
  2. 02

    [Submitted on 22 Feb 2025]

    The effect of three-body nucleon-nucleon interaction on the ground state binding energy of the light nuclei

    F. Kamgar · G. H. Bordbar · S. M. Zebarjad · M. A. Rastkhadiv

    We calculate the ground state binding energies of the light nuclei such as 4He, 6Li, 12C and 14N by considering the effect of three-body nucleon-nucleon interaction. We use the effective twobody potential obtained from the lowest order constrained variational (LOCV) calculations of the nuclear matter for the Reid68, AV14, UV14, and AV18 nuclear potentials in different channels. To calculate the ground state binding energy, we implement the local density approximation by using the harmonic oscillator wave functions while the effect of three-body interaction is considered by employing the UIX potential. We compare the obtained two-body ground state binding energy with the energy related to the three-body effect. We also compare the obtained values with the experimental data and also work of others, and show that the results are relatively acceptable. We compute the root mean-square radius Rrms of the above nuclei for the Reid68, AV14, UV14, and AV18 potentials and compare the results with the experiment. We also obtain the contribution of different channels by matching to the experimental values of the quadrupole moments and magnetic dipole moments. Furthermore, we calculate the three-body cluster energy of the above nuclei and compare the results with that of nuclear matter. According to the obtained results, we see that the three-body cluster energy contribution is small. For example, for 4He nuclide, this value is 0.079 MeV with the Reid68 potential.

    Comments:
    12 pages, 8 figures, 4 tables (Nuclear Physics A (2025) accepted for publication)
    Subjects:
    Nuclear Theory (nucl-th); High Energy Physics — Phenomenology (hep-ph)
    arXiv:
    2502.16323 [pdf]
    NPA(2025)·0 citations
  3. 03

    [Submitted on 23 Feb 2025]

    Effect of potential-energy-model inaccuracies on predictions of fission-fragment mass distributions based on the Brownian shape-motion method

    Peter Möller🇸🇪 · Christelle Schmitt🇫🇷

    Moller and Randrup presented a comprehensive calculation, based on the Brownian shape motion (BSM) method, of fission-fragment charge distributions [Phys. Rev. C 91 (2015) 044316 ] which obtained that ``a new region of asymmetry'' appeared for approximately and . Available experimental results at the time, except for the observation of symmetric fission of Ir by Itkis et al. [Yad. Fiz. 52 (1990) 944], agreed with these predictions apart for minor differences in the transition regions between predicted symmetric and asymmetric fission. It was argued [Phys. Rev. C 91 (2015) 044316 ] that the inaccurate results for Ir were related to inaccuracies in the calculated potential-energy surface and that such inaccuracies are related to the (in)accuracies of the calculated ground-state masses for the corresponding mass splits. We present here more detailed discussions and investigate if differences between the fission-fragment mass yields presented in [Phys. Rev. C 91 (2015) 044316 ] and experiment can occur in other regions of fissioning nuclei.

    Comments:
    7 pages, 7 figures
    Subjects:
    Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
    arXiv:
    2502.16539 [pdf]
    PRC(2025)·0 citations
  4. 04

    [Submitted on 24 Feb 2025]

    Pauli Blocking effects in Nilsson states of weakly bound exotic nuclei

    P. Punta · J. A. Lay · A. M. Moro · G. Colò

    The description of weakly bound nuclei using deformed few-body models has proven to be crucial in the study of reactions involving certain exotic nuclei. However, these core+valence models face the challenge of applying the Pauli exclusion principle, since the factorisation of the system does not allow complete antisymmetrization. Therefore, states occupied by core nucleons should be blocked for the valence nucleons. We aim to study C and C, which are good examples of weakly bound exotic nuclei with significant deformation where the valence shell is partially filled. The structure of C and C is described with deformed two-body models where a Nilsson Hamiltonian is constructed using Antisymmetrized Molecular Dynamic calculations of the cores. Different methods of blocking occupied Nilsson states are considered using the BardeenCooperSchrieffer formalism: without blocking, total blocking and partial blocking. The latter also takes into account pair correlations to some extent. These models are later used to study CC, CC and CC transfer reactions within the Adiabatic Distorted Wave Approximation. In the first case, the results are compared with experimental data. A good reproduction of the structure of C is found, significantly improving the agreement in the CC reaction including blocking effects. The C spectrum is better reproduced considering blocking, in particular, the partial blocking method that considers the pairing interaction provides the best description. Promising results are shown for the study of transfer reactions involving weakly bound exotic nuclei, by highlighting the effect of blocking occupied Nilsson states. We envision to extend the models to the study of breakup reactions and to newly discovered halo nuclei.

    Comments:
    9 pages, 7 figures
    Subjects:
    Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
    arXiv:
    2502.16990 [pdf]
    PRC(2025)·4 citations
  5. 05

    [Submitted on 24 Feb 2025]

    Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa unitarity deficit reduction via finite nuclear size

    M Gorchtein🇩🇪 · V Katyal🇮🇳 · B Ohayon🇮🇱 · B K Sahoo🇮🇳 · CY Seng🇺🇸

    We revisit the extraction of the CKM matrix element from the superallowed transition decay rate of AlMg, focusing on finite nuclear size effects. The decay rate dependence on the Al charge radius is found to be four times higher than previously believed, necessitating precise determination. However, for a short-lived isotope of an odd element such as Al, radius extraction relies on challenging many-body atomic calculations. We performed the needed calculations, finding an excellent agreement with previous ones, which used a different methodology. This sets a new standard for the reliability of isotope shift factor calculations in many-electron systems. The value obtained from our analysis is lower by than the corresponding value in the previous critical survey, resulting in an increase in by . Adopting from this decay alone reduces the CKM unitarity deficit by one standard deviation, irrespective of the choice of .

    Comments:
    Version accepted by Physical Review Research
    Subjects:
    Nuclear Theory (nucl-th); High Energy Physics — Phenomenology (hep-ph); Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex); Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph); Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
    arXiv:
    2502.17070 [pdf]
    PRResearch(2025)·13 citations
  6. 06

    [Submitted on 24 Feb 2025]

    Three-body calculation of deuteron-nucleus scattering using microscopic global optical potential

    A. Deltuva · D. Jurčiukonis · D. Likandrovas · J. Torres Fernandez

    We test microscopic global optical potential in three-body calculations of deuteron-nucleus scattering. We solve Faddeev-type equations for three-body transition operators. We calculate differential cross section and analyzing power for the deuteron elastic scattering and breakup in collisions with C, O and Mg nuclei, and find a reasonable agreement with available experimental data. Comparison with respective predictions using phenomenological optical potentials reveals systematic deviations in particular kinematic regimes.

    Comments:
    10 pages, 6 figures, contribution to the Critical Stability 2023
    Subjects:
    Nuclear Theory (nucl-th); Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
    arXiv:
    2502.17351 [pdf]
    Few Body Syst.(2024)·1 citation
  7. 07

    [Submitted on 19 Feb 2025] (cross-list from hep-ph)

    Comment on "QCD factorization with multihadron fragmentation functions"

    D. Pitonyak🇺🇸 · C. Cocuzza🇺🇸 · A. Metz🇺🇸 · A. Prokudin🇺🇸 · N. Sato🇺🇸

    We make several comments on the recent work in Ref.~\cite{Rogers:2024nhb} while also reaffirming and adding to the work in Ref.~\cite{Pitonyak:2023gjx}. We show that the factorization formula for in Ref.~\cite{Rogers:2024nhb} is equivalent to a version one can derive using the definition of a -hadron fragmentation function (FF) introduced in Ref.~\cite{Pitonyak:2023gjx}. In addition, we scrutinize how to generalize the number density definition of a single-hadron FF to a -hadron FF, arguing that the definition given in Ref.~\cite{Pitonyak:2023gjx} should be considered the standard one. We also emphasize that the evolution equations for dihadron FFs~(DiFFs) in Ref.~\cite{Pitonyak:2023gjx} have the same splitting functions as those for single-hadron FFs. Therefore, the DiFF (and -hadron FF) definitions in Ref.~\cite{Pitonyak:2023gjx} have a natural number density interpretation and are consistent with collinear factorization using the standard hard factors and evolution kernels. Moreover, we make clear that the operator definition for the DiFF written down in Ref.~\cite{Rogers:2024nhb} agrees exactly with the one in Ref.~\cite{Pitonyak:2023gjx}. Contrary to what is implied in Ref.~\cite{Rogers:2024nhb}, this definition did not appear in the literature prior to the work in Ref.~\cite{Pitonyak:2023gjx}. There also seem to be inconsistencies in how appears in previous unpolarized cross section formulas in the literature.

    Comments:
    Comment on arXiv:2412.12282; 9 pages, minor edits and additions for clarification; a shorter version of this Comment has been accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. D
    Subjects:
    High Energy Physics — Phenomenology (hep-ph); Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
    arXiv:
    2502.15817 [pdf]
    PRD(2026)·11 citations
  8. 08

    [Submitted on 21 Feb 2025] (cross-list from astro-ph.HE)

    Physics motivated models of pulsar X-ray hotspots: off-center dipole configurations

    Chun Huang · Alexander Y. Chen

    Recently, it was proposed that an off-center dipole magnetic configuration, together with a non-trivial temperature profile, may be the best model to explain the X-ray light curve of PSR J0030+0451 observed by the Neutron Star Interior Composition Explorer (\emph{NICER}). Using a theoretical model for the electric current density in a force-free pulsar magnetosphere, we compute from first principles the distribution of electric current over the polar cap associated with an off-center magnetic dipole. We then use a simple prescription to compute the resulting temperature distribution, which allows us to derive the observed X-ray light curve. We investigate the role of the volumetric return current region in the polar cap and find that although it does not make a big difference in an aligned dipole case, the difference can be bigger in the case of an off-center dipole. Finally, we apply Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) fitting to the X-ray light curves of pulsars PSR J0030+0451 and PSR J0437--4715 with and without the volumetric return current, and find that our model can reasonably recover the observed X-ray light curves.

    Comments:
    Accepted publication in ApJ
    Subjects:
    High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE); Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR); General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc); Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
    arXiv:
    2502.15881 [pdf]
    ApJ(2025)·13 citations
  9. 09

    [Submitted on 21 Feb 2025] (cross-list from hep-ph)

    Perturbative Corrections to Quark TMDPDFs in the Background-Field Method: Gauge Invariance, Equations of Motion, and Multiple Interactions

    Swagato Mukherjee🇺🇸 · Vladimir V. Skokov🇺🇸 · Andrey Tarasov🇺🇸 · Shaswat Tiwari🇺🇸

    We calculate the perturbative corrections in the strong coupling to the unpolarized quark transverse-momentum dependent parton distribution function (TMDPDF) operator within a background-field framework, extending the approach of Ref. [1]. We focus on ensuring gauge invariance, identifying two key components needed: a gauge-invariant TMDPDF operator with a transverse gauge link at spatial infinity, and accounting of the equations of motion (EoM) of the background fields. We go beyond next-to-leading order in strong coupling expansion, considering multiple interactions with the background field at all orders of strong coupling. By examining the interplay between quark and gluon contributions, we show that spurious singularities, proportional to EoM, can be misinterpreted as genuine divergences in QCD factorization unless properly identified and removed.

    Comments:
    36 pages, 22 figures; v2: published version
    Subjects:
    High Energy Physics — Phenomenology (hep-ph); High Energy Physics — Lattice (hep-lat); High Energy Physics — Theory (hep-th); Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
    arXiv:
    2502.15889 [pdf]
    PRD(2025)·5 citations
  10. 10

    [Submitted on 21 Feb 2025] (cross-list from hep-ph)

    Yu-Shiba-Rusinov states in color superconducting quark matter

    Virgil V. Baran🇷🇴 · Jens Paaske🇩🇰

    The high-density region of the QCD phase diagram displays an intricate competition between color superconductivity and the QCD Kondo effect due to color exchange in quark matter containing a single heavy quark impurity. We explore the characteristic impurity-induced superconducting subgap states arising in such systems by generalizing the surrogate model solver, recently considered in the context of condensed matter physics [Phys. Rev. B 108, L220506 (2023)]. The method consists of approximating the full superconducting bulk by only a small number of effective levels whose parameters are chosen so as to best reproduce the Matsubara frequency dependence of the impurity-bulk hybridization function. We numerically solve a surrogate QCD Kondo model describing a quantum impurity color-exchange coupled to a two-color two-flavor superconducting bulk. The results directly indicate the presence of multiple phase transitions as the coupling of the impurity to the bulk is increased, due to the interplay between various overscreened states. The methods introduced here are straightforward enough to be extended to more realistic QCD scenarios.

    Comments:
    6 pages, 5 figures
    Subjects:
    High Energy Physics — Phenomenology (hep-ph); Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el); Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con); Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
    arXiv:
    2502.15930 [pdf]
    PRD(2025)·1 citation
  11. 11

    [Submitted on 22 Feb 2025] (cross-list from nucl-ex)

    Electromagnetic Form Factors and the Proton Radius Puzzle: A Critical Review of Extraction Methods via Electron-Proton Scattering

    Gerome A. Paterez🇺🇸 · Jade C. Jusoy🇺🇸 · Edmar Pantohan🇺🇸 · Eulogio Auxtero Jr🇺🇸

    The study of protons, fundamental constituents of atomic nuclei, is crucial for understanding nuclear physics and fundamental forces. This review examines advancements in extracting electromagnetic form factors, essential for probing proton structure. Electron-proton scattering experiments, particularly at Jefferson Lab (JLab) and Mainz Microtron (MAMI), have played a key role [arXiv:2009.10510, arXiv:1912.03881]. Various methodologies, such as Rosenbluth separation and polarization transfer, are discussed, highlighting their evolution and challenges, including systematic uncertainties and theoretical ambiguities [arXiv:1706.00696]. Literature indicates the Rosenbluth method yields a proton radius of approximately 0.8 fm, consistent with early measurements but differing from recent polarization transfer results, which suggest a smaller radius [arXiv:1912.03881]. The polarization transfer technique has become a preferred approach, offering precise measurements of the electric-to-magnetic form factor ratio, especially at high momentum transfer [arXiv:1706.00696, arXiv:1912.03881]. Alternative methods, such as cross-section ratios, extend form factor studies but still face residual uncertainties [arXiv:2009.10510]. While significant progress has been made, discrepancies persist, particularly in proton radius extraction. Future research must address systematic uncertainties to refine our understanding of proton electromagnetic properties and advance particle physics [arXiv:1912.03881, arXiv:1706.00696].

    Comments:
    10 pages, 34 equations, 3 figures, 1 table, 42 references
    Subjects:
    Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex); Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
    arXiv:
    2502.16185 [pdf]
    0 citations
  12. 12

    [Submitted on 22 Feb 2025] (cross-list from hep-ex)

    Calorimetric analysis for long-baseline neutrino experiments

    Kai Gallmeister🇩🇪 · Ulrich Mosel🇩🇪

    In neutrino long-baseline experiments the energy of the incoming neutrino must be reconstructed from observations of the final state. We first discuss the problems that arise for energy conservation during the final-state interactions in a momentum-dependent potential. We then show, for the example of the Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment, that the presence of such a potential is necessarily connected with a large uncertainty in the reconstructed energy. This same uncertainty also affects the determination of energy- and four-momentum-transfers in neutrino-nucleus reactions. We analyze the origins of these uncertainties using transport theory for the description of the evolution of the final state of the reaction. We show that the spectral functions of target nuclei play an essential role not only for the initial neutrino-nucleus interaction but also for the final state evolution.

    Comments:
    version accepted for publication as Letter in Physical Review D
    Subjects:
    High Energy Physics — Experiment (hep-ex); High Energy Physics — Phenomenology (hep-ph); Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex); Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
    arXiv:
    2502.16325 [pdf]
    PRD(2025)·4 citations
  13. 13

    [Submitted on 22 Feb 2025] (cross-list from hep-ph)

    Ultra fast, event-by-event heavy-ion simulations for next generation experiments

    Manjunath Omana Kuttan🇩🇪 · Kai Zhou🇩🇪 · Jan Steinheimer🇩🇪 · Horst Stoecker🇩🇪

    We present a novel deep generative framework that uses probabilistic diffusion models for ultra fast, event-by-event simulations of heavy-ion collision output. This new framework is trained on UrQMD cascade data to generate a full collision event output containing 26 distinct hadron species. The output is represented as a point cloud, where each point is defined by a particle's momentum vector and its corresponding species information (ID). Our architecture integrates a normalizing flow-based condition generator that encodes global event features into a latent vector, and a diffusion model that synthesizes a point cloud of particles based on this condition. A detailed description of the model and an in-depth analysis of its performance is provided. The conditional point cloud diffusion model learns to generate realistic output particles of collision events which successfully reproduce the UrQMD distributions for multiplicity, momentum and rapidity of each hadron type. The flexible point cloud representation of the event output preserves full event-level granularity, enabling direct application to inverse problems and parameter estimation tasks while also making it easily adaptable for accelerating any event-by-event model calculation or detector simulation.

    Comments:
    Matches published version. 17 pages, 9 figures
    Subjects:
    High Energy Physics — Phenomenology (hep-ph); High Energy Physics — Experiment (hep-ex); High Energy Physics — Theory (hep-th); Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex); Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
    arXiv:
    2502.16330 [pdf]
    PRC(2025)·6 citations
  14. 14

    [Submitted on 23 Feb 2025] (cross-list from hep-ph)

    Limiting fragmentation in the dilute Glasma

    Andreas Ipp🇦🇹 · Markus Leuthner🇦🇹 · David I. Müller🇦🇹 · Sören Schlichting🇩🇪 · Kayran Schmidt🇦🇹 · Pragya Singh🇫🇮

    We discuss the local longitudinal scaling behavior of the dilute Glasma. We gain insight into how the fragmentation region is dominated by the longitudinal structure of one of the two colliding nuclei in heavy-ion collisions and study the effect of the correlation scales of the nuclear color charge distributions. We compare with results from the full dilute Glasma framework and analyze the rapidity limits of the fragmentation region. From our findings, it follows that all scalar observables that can be constructed out of the dilute Glasma field strength tensor show limiting fragmentation behavior and the field strength tensor itself transforms locally via Lorentz boosts when changing the collision energy.

    Comments:
    8 pages, 2 figures, parallel talk given at the XVIth Quark Confinement and the Hadron Spectrum Conference
    Subjects:
    High Energy Physics — Phenomenology (hep-ph); Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
    arXiv:
    2502.16562 [pdf]
    PoS(2025)·1 citation
  15. 15

    [Submitted on 23 Feb 2025] (cross-list from hep-ph)

    Proton spin from small- with constraints from the valence quark model

    Daniel Adamiak🇺🇸 · Heikki Mäntysaari🇫🇮 · Yossathorn Tawabutr🇫🇮

    We apply the valence quark model recently calculated for polarized proton to constrain the non-perturbative initial condition for the small- helicity evolution. The remaining free parameters are constrained by performing a global analysis to the available polarized small- deep inelastic scattering data. A good description of the world data is obtained with only 8 free parameters. The model parameters are tightly constrained by the data, allowing us to predict the proton polarized structure function to be negative at small . Furthermore, we obtain the small- quark and gluon spins to give a contribution or to the proton spin, depending on the applied running coupling prescription.

    Comments:
    13 pages, 6 figures, including main text and supplementary material; 2 additional supplementary files in csv format; minor updates to reflect the final published version
    Subjects:
    High Energy Physics — Phenomenology (hep-ph); Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
    arXiv:
    2502.16604 [pdf]
    PLB(2025)·4 citations
  16. 16

    [Submitted on 23 Feb 2025] (cross-list from astro-ph.HE)

    Feasibility of Dark Matter in Neutron Stars: A Quantitative Analysis

    Prashant Thakur🇮🇳

    This thesis investigates the impact of dark matter on neutron star properties, focusing on mass, radius, and tidal deformability. Using two-fluid and single-fluid models, dark matter is incorporated into the equation of state (EOS) via a Relativistic Mean Field (RMF) approach. The study finds that increasing dark matter content reduces the maximum mass, radius, and tidal deformability. Bayesian inference, supported by LIGO-Virgo gravitational wave data and NICER mass-radius measurements, refines these models. Despite dark matter's influence, the semi-universal C-Love relation remains valid. Machine learning techniques effectively classify dark matter-admixed neutron stars. The thesis also explores a sigma-cut potential in the EOS, which stiffens the EOS at high densities, favoring larger radii and lower f-mode frequencies. The study of non-radial oscillations, particularly f- and p-modes, highlights their sensitivity to neutron star composition and EOS. These findings enhance our understanding of neutron star interiors and dark matter's role, emphasizing the need for further observational and theoretical advancements.

    Comments:
    192 pages Thesis Examiner: Prof. Ritam Mallick, IISER Bhopal
    Subjects:
    High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE); High Energy Physics — Phenomenology (hep-ph); Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
    arXiv:
    2502.16629 [pdf]
    0 citations
  17. 17

    [Submitted on 23 Feb 2025] (cross-list from hep-ph)

    Mechanical properties of proton using flavor-decomposed gravitational form factors

    Zeinab Dehghan🇮🇷 · F. Almaksusi🇮🇷 · K. Azizi🇮🇷

    We investigate the mechanical properties of the proton by extracting its flavor-decomposed gravitational form factors (GFFs) using Light-Cone QCD sum rules (LCSR). These form factors encode critical information about the internal dynamics and spatial distribution of energy, momentum, and internal forces within the proton. The flavor decomposition of the quark sector indicates the role of each flavor in the proton's pressure and shear force distributions. Our results show that the up quark contributes more significantly compared to the down quark in the three conserved proton GFFs, as well as in the energy and shear force distributions. Additionally, we define the non-conserved form factor , which takes part in the distributions of energy and pressure; the latter is essential for maintaining proton stability. Furthermore, we determine the proton's mass and mechanical radii, providing valuable insight into its internal structure and dynamics.

    Comments:
    19 Pages, 4 Figures and 4 Tables
    Subjects:
    High Energy Physics — Phenomenology (hep-ph); High Energy Physics — Experiment (hep-ex); High Energy Physics — Lattice (hep-lat); Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
    arXiv:
    2502.16689 [pdf]
    JHEP(2025)·29 citations
  18. 18

    [Submitted on 24 Feb 2025] (cross-list from hep-ph)

    The charmonium-like exotic hadron productions in collisions at the BESIII energy with the PACIAE model

    Jian Cao🇨🇳 · Wen-Chao Zhang🇨🇳 · Zhi-Lei She🇨🇳 · An-Ke Lei🇨🇳 · Jin-Peng Zhang🇨🇳 · Hua Zheng🇨🇳 · Dai-Mei Zhou🇨🇳 · Yu-Liang Yan🇨🇳 · Zhong-Qi Wang🇨🇳 · Ben-Hao Sa🇨🇳

    Inspired by the BESIII observation of exotic hadron (3900) in process [PRL 133(2024)081901], we use the parton and hadron cascade model PACIAE to simulate the productions of charmonium-like exotic hadrons including , and in the annihilations at =4.95 GeV. The charmonium-like candidates are recombined by Dynamically Constrained Phase-space Coalescence model using component mesons (for ) or (for , and ) in the PACIAE simulated final hadronic state. We then calculate, for the first time, the charmonium-like candidate's orbital angular momentum quantum number in its rest frame and perform the spectral classification for each of the above candidates. For , as its is , it is identified as the -wave or state. Meanwhile, for and , as their s are, respectively, and , they are identified as the -wave candidates. It is observed that the yield of the -wave composed of is significantly larger than that composed of . Moreover, in the channel, the yield of the -wave is around three times as large as the yield of the -wave , and it is around two orders of magnitude as large as the yield of the -wave . Finally, significant discrepancies are observed in the transverse momentum spectra and the rapidity distributions among the , and states. These discrepancies are proposed as valuable criteria for identifying the different charmonium-like exotic hadrons from each other.

    Comments:
    6 pages, 2 tablea, 2 figures
    Subjects:
    High Energy Physics — Phenomenology (hep-ph); Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
    arXiv:
    2502.16822 [pdf]
    PRD(2025)·8 citations
  19. 19

    [Submitted on 24 Feb 2025] (cross-list from hep-ph)

    Thermoelectric effects of an interacting hadron gas in the presence of an external magnetic field

    Kamaljeet Singh🇮🇳 · Kshitish Kumar Pradhan🇮🇳 · Dushmanta Sahu🇮🇳 · Raghunath Sahoo🇮🇳

    The hot and dense hadronic medium formed during the heavy-ion collisions at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider and Large Hadron Collider energies can show thermoelectric effects in the presence of temperature gradients and nonzero baryon chemical potential. In this article, we study the thermoelectric coefficients of an interacting hot and dense hadron gas using the relativistic Boltzmann transport equation under the relaxation time approximation. We discuss the thermoelectric properties within different frameworks of hardon resonance gas models. In the presence of an external magnetic field, the thermoelectric coefficients become anisotropic, which leads to Hall-like thermoelectric coefficients, namely Nernst coefficients, along with the magneto-Seebeck coefficients. For the first time, we also estimate the Thomson coefficient of the medium, which comes into the picture due to the temperature dependence of the Seebeck coefficient of the medium. In the context of studying the thermoelectric generator performance, we calculate the values of the thermoelectric figure of merit of the medium.

    Comments:
    15 pages and 7 captioned figures. Same as the published version in Phys. Rev. D
    Subjects:
    High Energy Physics — Phenomenology (hep-ph); High Energy Physics — Experiment (hep-ex); High Energy Physics — Theory (hep-th); Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex); Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
    arXiv:
    2502.16853 [pdf]
    PRD(2025)·9 citations
  20. 20

    [Submitted on 24 Feb 2025] (cross-list from physics.atom-ph)

    Stability conditions for bound states in antiprotonic atoms

    Fredrik Parnefjord Gustafsson🇨🇭 · Daniel Pęcak🇵🇱 · Tomasz Sowiński🇵🇱

    We study the stability of bound antiprotons in close proximity to the atomic nucleus. Using experimental data from X-ray spectroscopy measurements of antiprotonic atom transitions, we tune a minimal theoretical framework and estimate parameter ranges where the strong or electromagnetic decay channels govern the stability of the deepest bound states. In this way, we present an overview of the dominant decay mechanism of antiprotonic orbits for a given principle quantum number, to assist future spectroscopic experiments on antiprotonic atoms.

    Comments:
    Supplemental material is available in the Zenodo repository under http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15386788
    Subjects:
    Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph); Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
    arXiv:
    2502.17192 [pdf]
    PRC(2025)·3 citations
  21. 21

    [Submitted on 24 Feb 2025] (cross-list from hep-ph)

    Studying Effects of Evolution on Charge Separation in Small Collision System with A MultiPhase Transport model

    Yi Xu🇨🇳 · Chen Gao🇨🇳 · Shi-Xue Zhang🇨🇳 · Wei-Tian Deng🇨🇳

    In relativistic high energy heavy-ion collisions, Chiral Magnetic Effect (CME) could produce a charge separation in QGP. The charge separation could survive into final hadron system during evolution, observed as correlator . This physics procedure could also occurs in small collision system if CME emerge in the QGP droplet. In this paper, we study the effects of QGP droplet evolution on charge separation in small collision system, based on AMPT model. Our calculation indicates that, with given initial charge separation, the effects of parton level evolution and hadron level evolution weaken the charge separation indeed, but there is still enough signals could remained. Furthermore, we found that, the contribution of background to is negligible in small collision system. So, we propose the small collision system being a good place to confirm contribution of CME.

    Comments:
    8 pages, 9 figures
    Subjects:
    High Energy Physics — Phenomenology (hep-ph); Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
    arXiv:
    2502.17232 [pdf]
    PRC(2025)·2 citations

Affiliations

first authorsco-authorsvia INSPIRE