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Nuclear Theory·nucl-th

Monday·September 9, 2024

7 papers—3 primary·4 cross-listed

All7Primary3Cross-lists4
  1. 01

    [Submitted on 5 Sept 2024]

    Robust ab initio predictions for dimensionless ratios of E2 and radius observables. I. Electric quadrupole moments and deformation

    Mark A. Caprio · Pieter Maris · Patrick J. Fasano

    Converged results for E2 observables are notoriously challenging to obtain in ab initio no-core configuration interaction (NCCI) approaches. Matrix elements of the E2 operator are sensitive to the large-distance tails of the nuclear wave function, which converge slowly in an oscillator basis expansion. Similar convergence challenges beset ab initio prediction of the nuclear charge radius. However, we exploit systematic correlations between the calculated E2 and radius observables to yield meaningful predictions for relations among these observables. In particular, we examine ab initio predictions for dimensionless ratios of the form Q/r^2, for nuclei throughout the shell. Meaningful predictions for electric quadrupole moments may then be made by calibrating to the ground-state charge radius, if experimentally known, or vice versa. Moreover, these dimensionless ratios provide ab initio insight into the nuclear quadrupole deformation.

    Comments:
    19 pages, 11 figures
    Subjects:
    Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
    arXiv:
    2409.03926 [pdf]
    PRC(2025)·9 citations
  2. 02

    [Submitted on 6 Sept 2024]

    Deuteron, triton, helium-3 and hypertriton production in relativistic heavy-ion collisions via stochastic multi-particle reactions

    Martha Ege🇩🇪 · Justin Mohs🇩🇪 · Jan Staudenmaier🇩🇪 · Hannah Elfner🇩🇪

    The production of light nuclei in heavy -ion collisions is an excellent probe for studying the phase diagram of quantum chromodynamics and for the search of a critical end point. In this work we apply a hybrid approach in which we study the light nuclei production in the afterburner stage of central Au+Au collisions at , 14.5 and 19.6 GeV. In this stage, light nuclei are produced dynamically in catalysis reactions. A comparison of the dynamic production and a coalescence approach is presented for transverse momentum spectra of deuterons, tritons, nuclei and hypertritons and ratios of light nuclei yields. A good agreement with the experimentally measured yield of nuclei is found and we proceed to further investigate the production mechanisms of light nuclei by calculating the rates of the important channels for the formation and disintegration. We find that the afterburner stage is essential for the description of light nuclei formation in heavy-ion collisions, as light nuclei undergo a large number of interactions.

    Comments:
    15 pages, 25 figures
    Subjects:
    Nuclear Theory (nucl-th); High Energy Physics — Phenomenology (hep-ph)
    arXiv:
    2409.04209 [pdf]
    PRC(2025)·10 citations
  3. 03

    [Submitted on 6 Sept 2024]

    Seven years of the proxy-SU(3) shell model symmetry

    Dennis Bonatsos · Andriana Martinou · S.K. Peroulis · T.J. Mertzimekis · N. Minkov

    The proxy-SU(3) symmetry was first presented in HINPw4 in Ioannina in May2017, justified within the Nilsson model and applied to parameter-free predictions of the collective variables beta and gamma in medium-mass and heavy nuclei. Major steps forward, including the connection of the proxy-SU(3) symmetry to the shell model, the justification of the dominance of highest weight states in terms of the short range nature of the nucleon-nucleon interaction, as well as the first proposal of appearance of islands of shape coexistence on the nuclear chart, have been presented in HINPw6 in Athens in May 2021. The recently hot topic of the prevalence of triaxial shapes in heavy nuclei will also be briefly outlined in the proxy-SU(3) framework.

    Comments:
    6 pages, 1 figure, in Proceedings of the 7th International Workshop of the Hellenic Institute of Nuclear Physics (31 May - 1 June 2024, Ioannina, Greece)
    Subjects:
    Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
    arXiv:
    2409.04357 [pdf]
    EPJ Web Conf.(2024)·0 citations
  4. 04

    [Submitted on 5 Sept 2024] (cross-list from hep-ph)

    Relaxation times for disoriented isospin condensates in high energy heavy ion collisions

    Olivia Chabowski🇺🇸 · Joseph I. Kapusta🇺🇸 · Mayank Singh🇺🇸

    Fluctuations between charged and neutral kaons measured by the ALICE Collaboration in Pb-Pb collisions at the LHC exceed conventional explanations. Previously it was shown that if the scalar condensate is accompanied by an electrically neutral isospin--1 field then the combination can produce large equilibrium fluctuations where . Hadronizing strange and anti-strange quarks might then strongly fluctuate between charged ( or ) and neutral ( or ) kaons. Here we estimate the times for the condensates to achieve their equilibrium probability distributions within causal volumes in high energy heavy ion collisions. This is achieved by modeling the temperature dependence of the condensates, mesonic collective excitations, decay rates of the associated fields, and employing the Langevin and Fokker-Planck equations. Within this model, we find that the equilibration times are short compared with the expansion time, making disoriented isospin condensates a viable explanation for the anomalous fluctuations observed at the LHC.

    Comments:
    Fixes errors in eq. 67 and 68 and replaces figures 9 and 10, as reported in the erratum to appear in Phys. Rev. C; 27 pages, 12 figures
    Subjects:
    High Energy Physics — Phenomenology (hep-ph); Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
    arXiv:
    2409.03711 [pdf]
    PRC(2025)·3 citations
  5. 05

    [Submitted on 6 Sept 2024] (cross-list from hep-ph)

    Direct quarkonium production in DIS from a joint CGC and NRQCD framework

    Vincent Cheung🇺🇸 · Zhong-Bo Kang🇺🇸 · Farid Salazar🇺🇸 · Ramona Vogt🇺🇸

    We compute the differential cross section for direct quarkonium production in high-energy electron-nucleus collisions at small . Our computation is performed within the nonrelativistic QCD factorization formalism that separates the calculation into short distance coefficients and long distance matrix elements that depend on the color and spin of the state. We obtain the short distance coefficients of the production of the heavy quark pair within the framework of the Color Glass Condensate effective field theory, which resums coherent multiple interactions of the heavy quark pair with the nucleus to all orders. Our results are expressed as the convolution of perturbatively calculable perturbative functions with multi-point light-like Wilson line correlators. In the correlation limit, we establish the correspondence between our CGC formulation with calculations employing the transverse momentum dependent (TMD) framework. We extend this correspondence by resumming kinematic power corrections within the improved TMD framework, which interpolates between the TMD formalism and factorization formalism. We present a detailed numerical analysis, focusing on production in the kinematics accessible at the future Electron-Ion Collider, highlighting the importance of genuine higher-order saturation contributions when the electron collides with a large nucleus.

    Comments:
    31 pages, 8 figures
    Subjects:
    High Energy Physics — Phenomenology (hep-ph); Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
    arXiv:
    2409.04080 [pdf]
    PRD(2024)·13 citations
  6. 06

    [Submitted on 6 Sept 2024] (cross-list from hep-ph)

    Sensitivity of jet quenching to the initial state in heavy-ion collisions

    Souvik Priyam Adhya · Konrad Tywoniuk

    In heavy-ion collisions, nuclear matter is subjected to extreme conditions in a highly dynamical, rapidly evolving environment. This poses a tremendous challenge for calculating jet quenching observables. Current approaches rely on analytical results for static cases, introducing theoretical uncertainties and biases in our understanding of the pre-equilibrated medium. To address this issue, we employ resummation schemes to derive analytical rates for radiative energy loss in generic, evolving backgrounds. We investigate regimes where rare scattering and multiple scattering with the dynamical medium occurs, and extract relevant scales governing the in-medium emission rate of soft gluons. Our analysis indicates that strong jet quenching is only possible when the equilibration time of the medium is longer than its mean free path, highlighting the importance of medium modifications of jets in the earliest stages of heavy-ion collisions. We also demonstrate analytically that a medium evolution, which initially has a small coupling to jets, typically leads to a stronger jet azimuthal asymmetry at the same jet suppression factor.

    Comments:
    10 pages, 4 figures
    Subjects:
    High Energy Physics — Phenomenology (hep-ph); Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
    arXiv:
    2409.04295 [pdf]
    14 citations
  7. 07

    [Submitted on 6 Sept 2024] (cross-list from hep-lat)

    Suppressing Gauge Drift in Quantum Simulations with Gauge Transformations

    Carter Ball🇺🇸

    The simulation of quantum lattice gauge theories faces the major challenge of maintaining gauge invariance, as various errors in the simulation push the state of the system out of the physical subspace of the system's exponentially larger Hilbert space. This paper outlines a method, based off of previous work, that uses gauge transformations in two ways. Firstly, the method exploits the Zeno effect by conducting frequent projections to suppress gauge drift. These projections utilize local gauge transformations to destructively interfere unphysical amplitudes via coupling to an ancillary qubit while the physical amplitudes are left untouched, up to a less than unity normalization factor. Secondly, gauge transformations are conducted throughout the time evolution of the system to hamper the speed of gauge drift. This paper demonstrates this method on a pure 1D SU toy model.

    Subjects:
    High Energy Physics — Lattice (hep-lat); Nuclear Theory (nucl-th); Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
    arXiv:
    2409.04395 [pdf]
    PRA(2025)·0 citations

Affiliations

first authorsco-authorsvia INSPIRE