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Nuclear Theory·nucl-th

Monday·July 22, 2024

8 papers—1 primary·7 cross-listed

All8Primary1Cross-lists7
  1. 02

    Imaging the Wakes of Jets with Energy-Energy-Energy Correlators

    Hannah Bossi🇺🇸 · Arjun Srinivasan Kudinoor🇺🇸 · Ian Moult🇺🇸 · Daniel Pablos🇪🇸 · Ananya Rai🇺🇸 · Krishna Rajagopal🇺🇸

    As the partons in a jet propagate through the quark-gluon plasma (QGP) produced in a heavy-ion collision, they lose energy to, kick, and are kicked by the medium. The resulting modifications to the parton shower encode information about the microscopic nature of QGP. The momentum and energy lost by the parton shower are gained by the medium and, since QGP is a strongly coupled liquid, this means that the jet excites a wake in the droplet of QGP. After freezeout, this wake becomes soft hadrons with net momentum in the jet direction meaning that reconstructed jets include hadrons originating from both the modified parton shower and its wake. This makes it challenging to find an unambiguous experimental view of the response of a droplet of QGP to a jet. Recent years have seen significant advances in the understanding of the substructure of jets using correlation functions of the energy flux operator. So far, such studies have focused primarily on the two-point correlator, which serves to identify the angular scale of the underlying dynamics. Higher-point correlators hold the promise of mapping out the dynamics themselves. We perform the first study of the shape-dependent three-point energy-energy-energy correlator in heavy-ion collisions. Using the Hybrid Model to simulate the interactions of high energy jets with QGP, we show that hadrons originating from wakes are the dominant contribution to the three-point correlator in the regime where the three points are well-separated in angle, forming a roughly equilateral triangle. This equilateral region of the correlator is far from the region populated by collinear vacuum emissions, making it a canvas on which jet wakes can be imaged. Our work is a key step towards the systematic use of energy correlators to image and unravel the dynamical response of a droplet of QGP to a passing jet, and motivates many experimental and theoretical studies.

    ↳ hep-phhep-thnucl-exnucl-thJHEP(2024)·74 citations
  2. 03

    Anisotropic charge transport in strongly magnetized relativistic matter

    Ritesh Ghosh🇺🇸 · Igor A. Shovkovy🇺🇸

    We investigate electrical charge transport in hot magnetized plasma using first-principles quantum field theoretical methods. By employing Kubo's linear response theory, we express the electrical conductivity tensor in terms of the fermion damping rate in the Landau-level representation. Utilizing leading-order results for the damping rates from a recent study within a gauge theory, we derive the transverse and longitudinal conductivities for a strongly magnetized plasma. The analytical expressions reveal drastically different mechanisms that explain the high anisotropy of charge transport in a magnetized plasma. Specifically, the transverse conductivity is suppressed, while the longitudinal conductivity is enhanced by a strong magnetic field. As in the case of zero magnetic field, longitudinal conduction is determined by the probability of charge carriers to remain in their quantum states without damping. In contrast, transverse conduction critically relies on quantum transitions between Landau levels, effectively lifting charge trapping in localized Landau orbits. We examine the temperature and magnetic field dependence of the transverse and longitudinal electrical conductivities over a wide range of parameters and investigate the effects of a nonzero chemical potential. Additionally, we extend our analysis to strongly coupled quark-gluon plasma and study the impact of the coupling constant on the anisotropy of electrical charge transport.

    ↳ hep-phhep-thnucl-thEPJC(2024)·10 citations
  3. 04

    Sequency Hierarchy Truncation (SeqHT) for Adiabatic State Preparation and Time Evolution in Quantum Simulations

    Zhiyao Li🇺🇸 · Dorota M. Grabowska🇺🇸 · Martin J. Savage🇺🇸

    We introduce the Sequency Hierarchy Truncation (SeqHT) scheme for reducing the resources required for state preparation and time evolution in quantum simulations, based upon a truncation in sequency. For the interaction in scalar field theory, or any interaction with a polynomial expansion, upper bounds on the contributions of operators of a given sequency are derived. For the systems we have examined, observables computed in sequency-truncated wavefunctions, including quantum correlations as measured by magic, are found to step-wise converge to their exact values with increasing cutoff sequency. The utility of SeqHT is demonstrated in the adiabatic state preparation of the anharmonic oscillator ground state using IBM's quantum computer . Using SeqHT, the depth of the required quantum circuits is reduced by , leading to significantly improved determinations of observables in the quantum simulations. More generally, SeqHT is expected to lead to a reduction in required resources for quantum simulations of systems with a hierarchy of length scales.

    ↳ quant-phhep-latnucl-thQuantum(2025)·49 citations
  4. 05

    Qutrit and Qubit Circuits for Three-Flavor Collective Neutrino Oscillations

    Francesco Turro🇺🇸 · Ivan A. Chernyshev🇺🇸 · Ramya Bhaskar🇺🇸 · Marc Illa🇺🇸

    We explore the utility of qutrits and qubits for simulating the flavor dynamics of dense neutrino systems. The evolution of such systems impacts some important astrophysical processes, such as core-collapse supernovae and the nucleosynthesis of heavy nuclei. Many-body simulations require classical resources beyond current computing capabilities for physically relevant system sizes. Quantum computers are therefore a promising candidate to efficiently simulate the many-body dynamics of collective neutrino oscillations. Previous quantum simulation efforts have primarily focused on properties of the two-flavor approximation due to their direct mapping to qubits. Here, we present new quantum circuits for simulating three-flavor neutrino systems on qutrit- and qubit-based platforms, and demonstrate their feasibility by simulating systems of two, four and eight neutrinos on IBM and Quantinuum quantum computers.

    ↳ quant-phhep-phnucl-thPRD(2025)·33 citations
  5. 06

    Emergent Canonical Spin Tensor in the Chiral-Symmetric Hot QCD

    M. Buzzegoli (Iowa State University and West University of Timisoara)🇺🇸 · A. Palermo (Stony Brook)🇺🇸

    The spin tensor is fundamental to relativistic spin hydrodynamics, but its definition is ambiguous due to the pseudogauge symmetry. We show that this ambiguity can be solved in interacting field theories. We prove that the mean-field limit of a modified Nambu-Jona-Lasinio model with spin-spin interactions is equivalent to nondissipative spin hydrodynamics with a canonical spin tensor.

    ↳ hep-phhep-thnucl-thPRL(2024)·25 citations
  6. 07

    QCD phase diagram in the plane for varying pion mass

    Mahammad Sabir Ali🇮🇳 · Chowdhury Aminul Islam🇩🇪 · Rishi Sharma🇮🇳

    We study the effect of a varying pion mass on the quantum chromodynamics (QCD) phase diagram in the presence of an external magnetic field, aiming to understand it, for the first time, using Nambu\textendash Jona-Lasinio like effective models. We compare results from both its local and nonlocal versions. In both cases, we find that the inverse magnetic catalysis (IMC) near the crossover is eliminated with increasing pion mass, while the decreasing trend of crossover temperature with increasing magnetic field persists for pion mass values at least up to MeV. Thus, the models are capable of capturing qualitatively the results found by lattice QCD (LQCD) for heavy (unphysical) pions. The key feature in the models is the incorporation of the effect of a reduction in the coupling constant with increasing energy. Along with reproducing the IMC effect, it enables models to describe the effects of heavier current quark masses without introducing additional parameters. For the local NJL model, this agreement depends on how the parameters of the model are fit at the physical point. In this respect, the nonlocal version, which, due to its formulation, automatically exhibits the IMC effect around the crossover region, captures the physics more naturally. We further use the nonlocal framework to determine the pion mass beyond which the IMC effect around the transition region does not exist anymore.

    ↳ hep-phhep-latnucl-thPRD(2024)·9 citations
  7. 08

    Investigating event-shape methods in the search for the chiral magnetic effect in relativistic heavy ion collisions

    Han-Sheng Li🇺🇸 · Yicheng Feng🇺🇸 · Fuqiang Wang🇺🇸

    The Chiral Magnetic Effect (CME) is a phenomenon in which electric charge is separated by a strong magnetic field from local domains of chirality imbalance and parity violation in quantum chromodynamics (QCD). The CME-sensitive observable, charge-dependent three-point azimuthal correlator , is contaminated by a major physics background proportional to the particle's elliptic flow anisotropy . Event-shape engineering (ESE) binning events in dynamical fluctuations of and event-shape selection (ESS) binning events in statistical fluctuations of are two methods to search for the CME by projecting to the measured anisotropy intercept. We conduct a systematic study of these two methods using physics models as well as toy model simulations. It is observed that the ESE method fulfills the general premise of measuring the CME but is statistically hungry. It is found that the intercept from the ESS method depends on the details of the event content, such as the mixtures of background-contributing sources, because of statistical fluctuations of intertwining variables used in the method, and is thus not practically useful or clean to measure the CME.

    ↳ physics.data-annucl-exnucl-thPRC(2025)·7 citations

Affiliations

first authorsco-authorsvia INSPIRE