Utilizing a comprehensive (3+1)D relativistic hydrodynamic framework with multiple conserved charge currents and charge-dependent Lattice-QCD-based equation of state, we study the baryon and electric charge number deposition at mid rapidity in isobar Ru+Ru and Zr+Zr collisions at the center of mass energy sNN=200 GeV. Comparing our predictions with upcoming experimental data from the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider will shed light on the existence of baryon junctions.
Comments:
6 pages, 2 figures
Subjects:
Nuclear Theory (nucl-th); High Energy Physics — Phenomenology (hep-ph)
We describe an approximation to the in-medium similarity renormalization group (IMSRG) method in which we include the effects of intermediate three-body operators arising within nested commutators. As an initial step, we present the relevant equations for two nested commutators, all of which can be factorized so that the method scales like the standard IMSRG(2) approximation, enabling large-scale calculations. We test the accuracy of this approximation scheme, and apply it to the isotopic chains of carbon, sulfur and nickel isotopic chains. We obtain an improved description of spectroscopy, and a reduced dependence on the choice of the valence space. In addition, we provide an explanation of the relative importance of the diagram topologies included, with an eye toward assessing the impact of remaining omitted terms.
We obtain posterior distribution of equations of state (EOSs) across a broad range of density by imposing explicitly the constraints from precisely measured fundamental properties of finite nuclei, in combination with the experimental data from heavy-ion collisions and the astrophysical observations of radius, tidal deformability and minimum-maximum mass of neutron stars. The acquired EOSs exhibit a distinct global behavior compared to those usually obtained by imposing the finite nuclei constraints implicitly through empirical values of selected key parameters describing symmetric nuclear matter and symmetry energy in the vicinity of the saturation density. The explicit treatment of finite nuclei constraints yields softer EOSs at low densities which eventually become stiffer to meet the maximum mass criteria. The Kullback-Leibler divergence has been used to perform a quantitative comparison of the distributions of neutron star properties resulting from the EOSs obtained from implicit and explicit finite nuclei constraints.
Comments:
The manuscript has been accepted by Physics Letters B on May 24th 2024
Subjects:
Nuclear Theory (nucl-th); High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
The System for Measuring Overlap with Gas (SMOG2) at the LHCb detector enables the study of fixed-target ion-ion collisions at relativistic energies (sNN∼100 GeV in the centre-of-mass). With input from \textit{ab initio} calculations of the structure of 16O and 20Ne, we compute 3+1D hydrodynamic predictions for the anisotropic flow of Pb+Ne and Pb+O collisions, to be tested with upcoming LHCb data. This will allow the detailed study of quark-gluon plasma (QGP) formation as well as experimental tests of the predicted nuclear shapes. Elliptic flow (v2) in Pb+Ne collisions is greatly enhanced compared to the Pb+O baseline due to the shape of 20Ne, which is deformed in a bowling-pin geometry. Owing to the large 208Pb radius, this effect is seen in a broad centrality range, a unique feature of this collision configuration. Larger elliptic flow further enhances the quadrangular flow (v4) of Pb+Ne collisions via non-linear coupling, and impacts the sign of the kurtosis of the elliptic flow vector distribution (c2{4}). Exploiting the shape of 20Ne proves thus an ideal method to investigate the formation of QGP in fixed-target experiments at LHCb, and demonstrates the power of SMOG2 as a tool to image nuclear ground states.
Comments:
Updated the version that published in Phys. Rev. Lett. 134.082301
Subjects:
Nuclear Theory (nucl-th); High Energy Physics — Phenomenology (hep-ph); Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
The Carbon-Nitrogen-Oxygen (CNO) cycle is fundamental to the process of hydrogen burning in stars, serving as a pivotal mechanism. At its core, the primary reaction involves the radiative capture of a proton by 12C, crucially influencing the isotopic ratio of 12C to 13C observed in celestial bodies, including our Solar System. We have addressed this reaction mechanism by extrapolating to low-energy cross sections and S-factors with the aid of astrophysical R-matrix. Our investigation aims to shed light on its implications for nuclear reaction rates, thus influencing the abundance ratio of 12C to 13C in the cosmic environment.
Comments:
7 pages, 2 figures, Under referred journal publication
Subjects:
Nuclear Theory (nucl-th); Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
Energy correlators provide a powerful observable to study fragmentation dynamics in QCD. We demonstrate that the leading nonperturbative corrections for projected N-point energy correlators are described by the same universal parameter for any N, which has already been determined from other event shape fits. Including renormalon-free nonperturbative corrections substantially improves theoretical predictions of energy correlators, notably the transition into the confining region at small angles. Nonperturbative corrections are shown to have a significant impact on αs extractions.
Comments:
Journal version
Subjects:
High Energy Physics — Phenomenology (hep-ph); Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
Motivated by the ion-collision program at the Large Hadron Collider, plans for its high-luminosity upgrade, and on-going discussions for multi-TeV future hadron colliders, we systematically investigate hard-scattering, Standard Model processes in many-TeV ion-ion collisions. We focus on the symmetric beam configurations 208Pb-208Pb, 131Xe-131Xe, 12C-12C, and pp, and we catalog total and fiducial cross sections for dozens of processes, ranging from associated-Higgs and multiboson production to associated-top pair production, at next-to-leading order in QCD for nucleon-nucleon collision energies from sNN=1 to 100 TeV. We report the residual scale uncertainties at this order as well as the uncertainties originating from fits of nuclear parton densities. We also discuss the propagation of nuclear dynamics (as encoded in nuclear parton densities) into parton luminosities, and ultimately into predictions for cross sections. Finally, we report on the emergence of trends and the reliability of extrapolating cross sections across different nuclei. For Pb-Pb collisions at a hypothetical Future Circular Collider with sNN=39 TeV, O(108) weak bosons, O(105) diboson pairs, O(104)WH and ZH pairs, O(103) triboson events, O(105) high-pT photons events, and O(107)tt pairs can be produced with L=33~nb−1 of data. At sNN=5.52 TeV, one can expect O(10−106) single, multiboson, and top events per 1 nb−1. Decay rates and experimental selection/acceptance rates will impact final event yields, and merits further study; as an illustrative example, we focus on select diboson and triboson channels in lead-lead collisions and discuss their observability at the high-luminosity phase of the LHC and the FCC.
Comments:
51 pages total, 18 figures (40 eps and pdf files), 9 long tables. Journal version, including extended discussions. Results unchanged
Subjects:
High Energy Physics — Phenomenology (hep-ph); High Energy Physics — Experiment (hep-ex); Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex); Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
We compute inclusive dihadron cross-section in Deep Inelastic Scattering at next-to-leading order (NLO) and small x in the Color Glass Condensate. We focus on the kinematic limit where the hadrons are produced at forward rapidities (in the direction of the virtual photon) and back-to-back in the transverse plane. Our calculation demonstrates that the coefficient of the Sudakov double logarithm for this process is −2παs[CF+2Nc] instead of −4παsNc when back-to-back jets are measured in the final state. To preserve the universality of the Sudakov soft factor associated with the Weizsäcker-Williams transverse momentum dependent (TMD) gluon distribution, we promote the collinear fragmentation functions into TMD fragmentation functions. We then perform the resummation of the Sudakov logarithms through Collins-Soper-Sterman evolution of the TMD fragmentation functions and the Weizsäcker-Williams TMD gluon distribution. Finally, analytic expressions are obtained for the NLO coefficient functions in the MS-scheme. These results pave the way towards numerically calculating dihadron correlations at small x at the future Electron-Ion Collider with full NLO accuracy.
Comments:
42 pages, 1 figure
Subjects:
High Energy Physics — Phenomenology (hep-ph); Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
Electron-neutrino charged-current interactions with xenon nuclei were modeled in the nEXO neutrinoless double-β decay detector (~5 metric ton, 90% 136Xe, 10% 134Xe) to evaluate its sensitivity to supernova neutrinos. Predictions for event rates and detectable signatures were modeled using the Model of Argon Reaction Low Energy Yields (MARLEY) event generator. We find good agreement between MARLEY's predictions and existing theoretical calculations of the inclusive cross sections at supernova neutrino energies. The interactions modeled by MARLEY were simulated within the nEXO simulation framework and were run through an example reconstruction algorithm to determine the detector's efficiency for reconstructing these events. The simulated data, incorporating the detector response, were used to study the ability of nEXO to reconstruct the incident electron-neutrino spectrum and these results were extended to a larger xenon detector of the same isotope enrichment. We estimate that nEXO will be able to observe electron-neutrino interactions with xenon from supernovae as far as 5-8 kpc from Earth, while the ability to reconstruct incident electron-neutrino spectrum parameters from observed interactions in nEXO is limited to closer supernovae.
Comments:
17 pages, 16 figures
Subjects:
High Energy Physics — Phenomenology (hep-ph); High Energy Physics — Experiment (hep-ex); Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
We consider the Dirac field uniformly rotating with angular velocity Ω and also subject to the constant magnetic field B directed along the rotation axis. The causal states are constrained to the interior of the light cylinder of radius c/Ω. When this radius is smaller than the system size, as in the quark-gluon plasma, the effect of the boundary on the fermion spectrum is critical. We derive the fermion spectrum and study its properties. We compute the intensity of the electromagnetic radiation emitted due to transitions between the fermion states. We study its dependence on energy and angular momentum for different values of the angular velocity and the magnetic field. Rotation has enormous impact on the electromagnetic radiation by the quark-gluon plasma with or without the magnetic field.
Comments:
38 pages, 16 figures; v2 published version
Subjects:
High Energy Physics — Phenomenology (hep-ph); High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE); Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
Utilizing the large quantity of hyperons and antihyperons produced by the decay of 10 billion J/ψ and 2.7 billion ψ(3686) collected at BESIII, the cross sections of several specific elastic or inelastic (anti-)hyperon-nucleus/nucleon rections have been measured via the scattering between the (anti-)hyperons and the nucleus in the dense objects of BESIII detector. The novel method developed in these works extends the research field and opens a new era for the experiments at e+e− colliders. The results of such measurements will definitely benefit a lot the precise probe of the (anti-)hyperon-nucleus/nucleon interactions and provide constraints for the studies of the potential of strong interaction, the origin of color confinement, the unified model for baryon-baryon interactions, and the internal structure of neutron stars. The desirable prospects of corresponding studies in the future Super Tau-Charm Factory (STCF) are also discussed in this report.
Comments:
Proceeding for The 2024 International Workshop on Future Tau Charm Facilities
Subjects:
Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex); Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
Any discovery of `new physics' in the neutrino sector first requires a precise prediction of the expected Standard Model cross section. Currently, Coherent Elastic neutrino-Nucleus Scattering (CEvNS) experiments are statistics limited. However, as new and future experiments scale up, it will be necessary to improve the theoretical predictions. Here we review the calculation of the CEvNS cross section in a consistent theory of hadronic currents and compute the relevant nuclear form factors using the nuclear shell model. The uncertainty on the form factors is explored by repeating the calculation for various shell model interactions and with Skyme-Hartree-Fock evaluations of the Weak-charge radii. We then refine the Standard Model predictions for the recent experimental results of the COHERENT experiment. We find that our cross sections are in good agreement with previous predictions, but with significantly smaller uncertainties - by up to a factor of 10. Near-future CEvNS experiments will meaningfully benefit from improved predictions through an increased sensitivity to new-physics signals.
Comments:
11 pages, 4 figs (plus appendicies). Updated version accepted for publication
Subjects:
High Energy Physics — Phenomenology (hep-ph); Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
Neutron stars (NSs) provide a unique laboratory to study matter under extreme densities. Recent observations from gravitational and electromagnetic waves have enabled constraints on NS properties, such as tidal deformability (related to the tidal Love number) and stellar compactness. Although each of these two NS observables depends strongly on the stellar internal structure, the relation between them (called the Love-C relation) is known to be equation-of-state insensitive. In this study, we investigate the effects of a possible crystalline phase in the core of hybrid stars (HSs) on the mass-radius and Love-C relations, where HSs are a subclass of NS models with a quark matter core and a nuclear matter envelope with a sharp phase transition in between. We find that both the maximum mass and the corresponding radius increase as one increases the stiffness of the quark matter core controlled by the speed of sound, while the density discontinuity at the nuclear-quark matter transition effectively softens the equations of state. Deviations of the Love-C relation for elastic HSs from that of fluid NSs become more pronounced with a larger shear modulus, lower transition pressure, and larger density gap and can be as large as 60%. These findings suggest a potential method for testing the existence of distinct phases within HSs, though deviations are not large enough to be detected with current measurements of the tidal deformability and compactness.
Comments:
29 pages, 12 figures, Accepted for publication in General Relativity and Gravitation
Subjects:
General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc); High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE); Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
The Stimulated Raman Adiabatic Passage (STIRAP) is applied to a system coupled to a bath made of fully-interacting two-level systems, whose dynamics is studied exploiting the generalized Cluster Correlation Expansion (gCCE) theory. We specialize our analysis to a negatively charged silicon vacancy (SiV-1) in non-purified 4H-SiC to assess the possibility of transferring population between two states of the ground manifold, also taking into account the interaction with a spherical nuclear spin bath formed by nuclei of 29Si and 13C. For this system, it is demonstrated that the presence of a small/medium sized bath has no effect on the protocol, finding in particular a set of parameter values for an efficient STIRAP process.
Comments:
13 pages, 10 figures
Subjects:
Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall); Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
We study the spin-dependent in-medium dynamics of quarkonia by using the potential nonrelativistic QCD (pNRQCD) and the open quantum system framework. We consider the pNRQCD Lagrangian valid up to the order M0r=r and Mr0=M1 in the double power counting. By considering the Markovian condition and applying the Wigner transformation upon the diagonal spin components of the quarkonium density matrix with the semiclassical expansion, we systematically derive the Boltzmann transport equation for quarkonia with polarization dependence in the quantum optical limit. Unlike the spin-independent collision terms governed by certain chromoelectric field correlators, new gauge invariant correlators of chromomagnetic fields determine the recombination and dissociation terms with polarization dependence at the order we are working. We also derive a Lindblad equation describing the in-medium transitions between spin-singlet and spin-triplet heavy quark-antiquark pairs in the quantum Brownian motion limit. The Lindblad equation is governed by new transport coefficients defined in terms of the chromomagnetic field correlators. Our formalism is generic and valid for both weakly coupled and strongly coupled quark gluon plasmas. It can be further applied to study spin alignment of vector quarkonia in heavy ion collisions.
Comments:
38 pages; v2: published version
Subjects:
High Energy Physics — Phenomenology (hep-ph); Nuclear Theory (nucl-th); Quantum Physics (quant-ph)