Nuclear Theory·nucl-th

Wednesday·October 11, 2023

12 papers—4 primary·8 cross-listed

01
[Submitted on 10 Oct 2023]
Isomeric excitation of ^{229}\mathrm{Th} via scanning tunneling microscope
Xue Zhang · Tao Li · Xu Wang · Hui Dong
The low energy of the isomeric state of the radionuclide thorium-229 (229Th) makes it highly promising for applications in fundamental physics, precision metrology, and quantum technologies. However, directly accessing the isomeric state from its ground state remains a challenge. We propose here a tabletop approach utilizing the scanning tunneling microscope (STM) technique to induce excitation of a single 229Th nucleus. With achievable parameters, the isomeric excitation rate is advantageous over existing methods, allowing the excitation and control of 229Th on the single-nucleus level. It offers the unique potential of exciting and detecting subsequent decay from a single nucleus, providing a new direction for future experimental investigation of the 229Th isomeric state.
Subjects:
Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
arXiv:
2310.06352 [pdf]
PRC(2024)·1 citation
02
[Submitted on 10 Oct 2023]
Time-Dependent Superfluid Band Theory for the Inner Crust of Neutron Stars: Current Status and Future Challenges
Kazuyuki Sekizawa · Kenta Yoshimura
In this contribution, current status and future prospects of our ongoing project is summarized. In the inner crust of neutron stars, a variety of crystalline structures may emerge, as a result of competition of Coulomb and nuclear interactions, which are immersed in a sea of superfluid neutrons. The best quantum mechanical approach to study properties of dripped neutrons under a periodic potential is the band theory of solids. Concerning the band structure effects on transport properties of neutrons, however, situation is complicated and there has not been established a clear consensus yet. To provide a robust conclusion on the band structure effects, we have developed a fully-microscopic time-dependent band theory based on time-dependent density functional theory (TDDFT), taking full account of Fermionic superfluditiy. We have successfully developed a parallel computational code and applied it to the slab phase of nuclear matter. We introduce ongoing works and discuss possible future directions.
Comments:
10 pages, 1 figure, 1 table, Proceedings of the 34th IUPAP Conference on Computational Physics (CCP2023), Kobe, Japan, Aug. 4-8, 2023
Subjects:
Nuclear Theory (nucl-th); High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE); Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
arXiv:
2310.06411 [pdf]
1 citation
03
[Submitted on 10 Oct 2023]
Systematic calculations of cluster radioactivity half-lives with a screened electrostatic barrier
Xiao Liu · Jie-Dong Jiang · Lin-Jing Qi · Yang-Yang Xu · Xi-Jun Wu · Xiao-Hua Li
In the present work, based on Wentzel-Kramers-Brillouin theory, we systematically study the cluster radioactivity half-lives of 22 nuclei ranging from $^{221}$ $Fr$ to $^{242}$ $Cm$ by using a phenomenological model, which considers the screened electrostatic effect of Coulomb potential. In this model, there are two adjustable parameters i.e. the parameter $t$ and $g$ , which are related to the screened electrostatic barrier and the strength of spectroscopic factor, respectively. The calculated results indicate this model can well reproduce the experimental data while the corresponding root-mean-square (rms) deviation is 0.660. In addition, we extend this model to predict the half-lives of possible cluster radioactive candidates whose cluster radioactivity are energetically allowed or observed but not yet quantified in the evaluated nuclear properties table NUBASE2020. The predicted results are consistent with the ones obtained by using other theoretical models and/or empirical formulae including the universal decay law (UDL) proposed by Qi \textit{et al.} [Phys. Rev. C 80, 044326 (2009)], a semi-empirical model for both $α$ decay and cluster radioactivity proposed by Santhosh \textit{et al.} [J. Phys. G 35, 085102 (2008)] and a unified formula of half-lives for $α$ decay and cluster radioactivity proposed by Ni \textit{et al.} [Phys. Rev. C 78, 044310 (2008)].
Subjects:
Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
arXiv:
2310.06597 [pdf]
CPC(2023)·7 citations
04
[Submitted on 10 Oct 2023]
Fate of critical fluctuations in an interacting hadronic medium using maximum entropy distributions
Jan Hammelmann🇩🇪 · Marcus Bluhm🇫🇷 · Marlene Nahrang🇫🇷 · Hannah Elfner🇩🇪
We study the evolution of critical fluctuations in an expanding system within a hadronic transport approach. The initialization of the system with critical fluctuations is achieved by coupling the ideal hadron resonance gas cumulants to the ones from the 3d Ising model and generating the net and total particle number distribution from the principle of maximum entropy. These distributions are then evolved using realistic hadronic interactions. We systematically investigate the evolution of the critical fluctuations initialized at various temperatures and chemical potentials along a freeze-out line. We find that resonance regeneration and isospin randomization processes have the strongest influence on the evolution of the fluctuations. Additionally, the sets of particles coupled to the critical mode are modified to assess the strength of the propagation of correlations through interactions. We find that in the scaling region of the critical point correlations are propagated through the whole collisional history and are still present after the kinetic freeze-out of the matter if the coupling strength is large enough.
Subjects:
Nuclear Theory (nucl-th); High Energy Physics — Phenomenology (hep-ph)
arXiv:
2310.06636 [pdf]
PRC(2024)·9 citations
05
[Submitted on 21 Sept 2023] (cross-list from hep-th)
Causality and classical dispersion relations
Raphael E. Hoult🇨🇦 · Pavel Kovtun🇨🇦
We explore the consequences of relativistic causality and covariant stability for short-wavelength dispersion relations in classical systems. For excitations described by a finite number of partial differential equations, as is the case in relativistic hydrodynamics, we give causality and covariant stability constraints on the excitation's frequency at large momenta.
Comments:
16 pages, 1 figure. v2: reference added, small clarifications. v3: reference added, published version
Subjects:
High Energy Physics — Theory (hep-th); High Energy Physics — Phenomenology (hep-ph); Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
arXiv:
2309.11703 [pdf]
PRD(2024)·35 citations
06
[Submitted on 9 Oct 2023] (cross-list from hep-ph)
Hadron-hadron potentials coupled to quark degrees of freedom for X(3872)
Ibuki Terashima🇯🇵 · Tetsuo Hyodo🇯🇵
To study the internal structure of the exotic hadron $X (3872)$ , considering the coupled-channel potential between quarks and hadrons is necessary because $X (3872)$ is regarded as a mixture state of $c c ˉ$ and $D^{0} D ˉ^{* 0}$ . In this work, we construct the hadron-hadron potentials coupled to the quark channel and study the properties of the $D^{0} D ˉ^{* 0}$ potentials for $X (3872)$ . In particular, we compare various local approximations by focusing on the scattering phase shifts.
Comments:
4 pages, 2 figures, proceedings of 17th International Workshop on Meson Physics (MESON2023), June 22nd to 27th, 2023
Subjects:
High Energy Physics — Phenomenology (hep-ph); Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
arXiv:
2310.06129 [pdf]
EPJ Web Conf.(2024)·1 citation
07
[Submitted on 9 Oct 2023] (cross-list from nucl-ex)
Experimental neutrino physics in a nuclear landscape
D. S. Parno🇺🇸 · A. W. P. Poon🇺🇸 · V. Singh🇺🇸
There are profound connections between neutrino physics and nuclear experiments. Exceptionally precise measurements of single and double beta-decay spectra illuminate the scale and nature of neutrino mass and may finally answer the question of whether neutrinos are their own antimatter counterparts. Neutrino-nucleus scattering underpins oscillation experiments and probes nuclear structure, neutrinos offer a rare vantage point into collapsing stars and nuclear fission reactors, and techniques pioneered in neutrino nuclear-physics experiments are advancing quantum-sensing technologies. In this article, we review current and planned efforts at the intersection of neutrino and nuclear experiments.
Comments:
22 pages, 4 figures, 1 table. Submitted as a contribution to "The liminal position of Nuclear Physics: from hadrons to neutron stars" issue of Philosophical Transactions A. v1: submitted version; v2: accepted version
Subjects:
Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex); High Energy Physics — Experiment (hep-ex); Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
arXiv:
2310.06207 [pdf]
Phil.Trans.Roy.Soc.Lond.A(2024)·2 citations
08
[Submitted on 10 Oct 2023] (cross-list from astro-ph.CO)
Magnetic Effect on Potential Barrier for Nucleosynthesis II
Kiwan Park · Yudong Luo · Toshitaka Kajino
We investigate the impact of magnetic fields on the potential barrier between two interacting nuclei. We addressed this by solving the Boltzmann equation and Maxwell's theory in the presence of a magnetic field, resulting in the determination of magnetized permittivity. Additionally, we derived the magnetized Debye potential, which combines the conventional Debye potential with an additional magnetic component. We then compared the Boltzmann approach with the Debye method. Both methods consistently demonstrate that magnetic fields increase permittivity. This enhanced permittivity leads to a reduction in the potential barrier, consequently increasing the reaction rate for nucleosynthesis. Furthermore, the dependence on temperature and electron density in each approach is consistent. Our findings suggest that magnetized plasmas, which have existed since the Big Bang, have played a crucial role in nucleosynthesis.
Comments:
This manuscript is a revised version of our previous submission titled 'Magnetic Effect on Potential Barrier. Accepted in PRD
Subjects:
Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO); Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR); Nuclear Theory (nucl-th); physics.app-ph (physics.app-ph); Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
arXiv:
2310.06292 [pdf]
PRD(2024)·2 citations
09
[Submitted on 10 Oct 2023] (cross-list from hep-ph)
Phase space of electron- and muon-neutrino and antineutrino scattering off nuclei
M. Martini🇫🇷 · M. Ericson🇫🇷 · G. Chanfray🇫🇷
We discuss the electron and muon neutrino and antineutrino double differential cross sections on carbon in the quasielastic as well as in the multinucleon and one pion production channels. By projecting them in the transferred momentum - transferred energy plane and in the neutrino energy - lepton scattering angle plane, as well as by performing simple considerations on the position of the quasielastic and Delta peaks and on their broadening, we explain the surprising dominance of the muon neutrino and antineutrino cross sections over the electron ones in particular kinematical conditions.
Subjects:
High Energy Physics — Phenomenology (hep-ph); High Energy Physics — Experiment (hep-ex); Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
arXiv:
2310.06388 [pdf]
PRC(2024)·3 citations
10
[Submitted on 10 Oct 2023] (cross-list from nucl-ex)
$g_{9/2}$ neutron strength in the $N = 29$ isotones and the $^{52}$ Cr( $d, p$ ) $^{53}$ Cr reaction
L. A. Riley · D. T. Simms · L. T. Baby · A. L. Conley · P. D. Cottle · J. Esparza · K. Hanselman · I. C. S. Hay · M. Heinze · B. Kelly · K. W. Kemper · G. W. McCann and 3 other authors
We performed a measurement of the $^{52}$ Cr $(d, p)^{53}$ Cr reaction at 16 MeV using the Florida State University Super-Enge Split-Pole Spectrograph (SE-SPS) and observed 26 states. While all of the states observed here had been seen in previous $(d, p)$ experiments, we changed five $L$ assignments from those reported previously and determined $L$ values for nine states that had not had such assignments made previously. The $g_{9/2}$ neutron strength observed in $^{53}$ Cr in the present work and in the $N = 29$ isotones $^{49}$ Ca, $^{51}$ Ti, and $^{55}$ Fe via $(d, p)$ reactions is much smaller than the sum rule for this strength. Most of the observed $L = 4$ strength in these nuclei is located in states near 4 MeV excitation energy. The remaining $g_{9/2}$ strength may be located in the continuum or may be fragmented among many bound states. A covariant density functional theory calculation provides support for the hypothesis that the $g_{9/2}$ neutron orbit is unbound in $^{53}$ Cr. The ( $α,^{3}$ He) reaction may provide a more sensitive probe for the missing $g_{9/2}$ neutron strength. In addition, particle- $γ$ coincidence experiments may help resolve some remaining questions in this nucleus.
Comments:
15 pages, 5 figures. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:2212.04384
Subjects:
Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex); Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
arXiv:
2310.06722 [pdf]
PRC(2023)·4 citations
11
[Submitted on 10 Oct 2023] (cross-list from hep-ph)
The 1 $\to$ 3 Massive Splitting Functions from QCD Factorization and SCET
Evan Craft🇺🇸 · Mark Gonzalez🇺🇸 · Kyle Lee🇺🇸 · Bianka Meçaj🇺🇸 · Ian Moult🇺🇸
Splitting functions are universal functions describing the collinear dynamics of gauge theories, and as such are crucial ingredients for a wide variety of calculations in perturbative QCD. We present analytic results for the triple collinear splitting functions in QCD with a single massive parton. We derive the splitting functions using two distinct methods; first by expanding the squared matrix elements in the collinear limit, and secondly by using soft-collinear effective theory with massive quarks. We find agreement between these two approaches, providing a strong check of our results. Additionally, we also check all iterated and soft limits of our results, finding agreement with predictions from factorization. Our results provide an important ingredient for higher order perturbative calculations involving massive partons, and for the description of the collinear dynamics of heavy flavor jets.
Comments:
v2: Updated references
Subjects:
High Energy Physics — Phenomenology (hep-ph); Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
arXiv:
2310.06736 [pdf]
JHEP(2024)·20 citations
12
[Submitted on 10 Oct 2023] (cross-list from nucl-ex)
Influence of additional neutrons on the fusion cross-section beyond the N=8 shell
S. Hudan🇺🇸 · H. Desilets🇺🇸 · Rohit Kumar🇺🇸 · R.T. deSouza🇺🇸 · C. Ciampi🇫🇷 · A. Chbihi🇫🇷 · K.W. Brown🇺🇸
Fusion enhancement for neutron-rich isotopes of oxygen on carbon nuclei was probed. To measure the fusion cross-section a $^{20}$ O beam accelerated to E $_{l ab}$ /A=2.7 MeV bombarded the active-target detector MuSIC@Indiana with a fill gas of CH $_{4}$ . Examination of the average fusion cross-section over the interval 12 MeV $\leq$ E $_{c . m .}$ $\leq$ 17 MeV for $^{16 - 20}$ O + $^{12}$ C reveals that while even isotopes of oxygen exhibit essentially the same cross-section, the cross-section for odd isotopes can be either enhanced or suppressed relative to the even A members of the isotopic chain. Theoretical models fail to explain the observed experimental results.
Comments:
6 pages, 4 figures
Subjects:
Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex); Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
arXiv:
2310.06776 [pdf]
PRC(2024)·3 citations

Affiliations

first authorsco-authorsvia INSPIRE