Nuclear Theory·nucl-th

Friday·March 31, 2023

10 papers—5 primary·5 cross-listed

01
[Submitted on 29 Mar 2023]
Theoretical and Experimental Constraints for the Equation of State of Dense and Hot Matter
Rajesh Kumar🇺🇸 · Veronica Dexheimer🇺🇸 · Johannes Jahan🇺🇸 · Jorge Noronha🇺🇸 · Jacquelyn Noronha-Hostler🇺🇸 · Claudia Ratti🇺🇸 · Nico Yunes🇺🇸 · Angel Rodrigo Nava Acuna🇺🇸 · Mark Alford🇺🇸 · Mahmudul Hasan Anik🇺🇸 · Debarati Chatterjee🇮🇳 · Katerina Chatziioannou🇺🇸 and 48 other authors
This review aims at providing an extensive discussion of modern constraints relevant for dense and hot strongly interacting matter. It includes theoretical first-principle results from lattice and perturbative QCD, as well as chiral effective field theory results. From the experimental side, it includes heavy-ion collision and low-energy nuclear physics results, as well as observations from neutron stars and their mergers. The validity of different constraints, concerning specific conditions and ranges of applicability, is also provided.
Subjects:
Nuclear Theory (nucl-th); High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE); General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc); High Energy Physics — Phenomenology (hep-ph); Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
arXiv:
2303.17021 [pdf]
Living Rev.Rel.(2024)·171 citations
02
[Submitted on 30 Mar 2023]
Probing into the Possible Range of the U Bosonic Coupling Constants in Neutron Stars Containing Hyperons
Yan Xu🇨🇳 · Bin Diao🇨🇳 · Yi-Bo Wang🇨🇳 · Xiu-Lin Huang🇨🇳 · Xing-Xing Hu🇨🇳 · Zi Yu🇨🇳
The range of the U bosonic coupling constants in neutron star matter is a very interesting but still unsolved problem which has multifaceted influences in nuclear physics, particle physics, astrophysics and cosmology. The combination of the theoretical numerical simulation and the recent observations provides a very good opportunity to solve this problem. In the present work, the range of the U bosonic coupling constants is inferred based on the three relations of the mass-radius, mass-frequency and mass-tidal deformability in neutron star containing hyperons using the GM1, TM1 and NL3 parameter sets under the two flavor symmetries of the SU(6) and SU(3) in the framework of the relativistic mean field theory. Combined with observations from PSRs J1614-2230, J0348+0432, J2215-5135, J0952-0607, J0740+6620, J0030-0451, J1748-2446ad, XTE J1739-285, GW170817 and GW190814 events, our numerical results show that the U bosonic coupling constants may tend to be within the range from 0 to 20 GeV $^{- 2}$ in neutron star containing hyperons. Moreover, the numerical results of the three relations obtained by the SU(3) symmetry are better in accordance with observation data than those obtained by the SU(6) symmetry. The results will help us to improve the strict constraints of the equation of state for neutron stars containing hyperons.
Comments:
14pages,4figures
Subjects:
Nuclear Theory (nucl-th); High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
arXiv:
2303.17106 [pdf]
Res.Astron.Astrophys.(2023)·7 citations
03
[Submitted on 30 Mar 2023]
A Deep Learning Approach to Extracting Nuclear Matter Properties from Neutron Star Observations
Plamen G. Krastev (Harvard University)🇺🇸
Understanding the equation of state of dense QCD matter remains a major challenge in both nuclear physics and astrophysics. Neutron star observations from electromagnetic and gravitational wave spectra provide critical insights into the behavior of dense neutron-rich matter. The next generation of telescopes and gravitational wave observatories will offer even more detailed observations of neutron stars. Utilizing deep learning techniques to map neutron star mass and radius observations to the equation of state allows for its accurate and reliable determination. This work demonstrates the feasibility of using deep learning to extract the equation of state directly from neutron star observational data, and to also obtain related nuclear matter properties such as the slope, curvature, and skewness of the nuclear symmetry energy at saturation density. Most importantly, we show that this deep learning approach is able to reconstruct \textit{realistic} equations of state, and deduce \textit{realistic} nuclear matter properties. This highlights the potential of artificial neural networks in providing a reliable and efficient means to extract crucial information about the equation of state and related properties of dense neutron-rich matter in the era of multi-messenger astrophysics.
Comments:
22 pages, 12 figures, 4 tables. Invited article for Symmetry for the Special Issue "Symmetries and Ultra Dense Matter of Compact Stars"
Subjects:
Nuclear Theory (nucl-th); High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE); Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
arXiv:
2303.17146 [pdf]
Symmetry(2023)·28 citations
04
[Submitted on 30 Mar 2023]
Effective field theory with resonant P-wave interaction
Qingfeng Li · Songlin Lyu · Chen Ji · Bingwei Long
A new effective field theory has been developed to describe shallow $P$ -wave resonances using nonlocal, momentum-dependent two-body potentials. This approach is expected to facilitate many-body calculations and has been demonstrated to converge and to be renormalizable in perturbative calculations at subleading orders. The theory has been applied to the neutron-alpha system, with good agreement found between its predictions and a phase-shift analysis of neutron-alpha elastic scattering. In the three-body system consisting of two neutrons and an alpha particle, the nonlocal potential in this framework has been found to recover the same qualitative features as previously shown with energy-dependent formulations.
Comments:
18 pages, 4 figures
Subjects:
Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
arXiv:
2303.17292 [pdf]
PRC(2023)·7 citations
05
[Submitted on 30 Mar 2023]
Cumulants from fluctuating width of rapidity distribution
Michał Barej🇵🇱 · Adam Bzdak🇵🇱
In relativistic heavy-ion collisions, the longitudinal fluctuations of the fireball density caused, e.g., by baryon stopping fluctuations result in event-by-event modifications of the shape of the proton rapidity density distribution. The multiparticle rapidity correlation functions due to the varying distribution width of the proton rapidity density in central Au+Au collisions at low energies are derived. The cumulant ratios are calculated and discussed in the context of the recent STAR Collaboration results. We find that the cumulant ratios for small width fluctuations seem to be universal.
Comments:
24 pages, 11 figures
Subjects:
Nuclear Theory (nucl-th); High Energy Physics — Experiment (hep-ex); High Energy Physics — Phenomenology (hep-ph); Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
arXiv:
2303.17417 [pdf]
PRC(2023)·1 citation
06
[Submitted on 29 Mar 2023] (cross-list from hep-ex)
Impact of cross-section uncertainties on supernova neutrino spectral parameter fitting in the Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment
DUNE Collaboration: A. Abed Abud · B. Abi · R. Acciarri · M. A. Acero · M. R. Adames · G. Adamov · M. Adamowski · D. Adams · M. Adinolfi · C. Adriano · A. Aduszkiewicz · J. Aguilar and 1306 other authors
A primary goal of the upcoming Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment (DUNE) is to measure the $O (10)$ MeV neutrinos produced by a Galactic core-collapse supernova if one should occur during the lifetime of the experiment. The liquid-argon-based detectors planned for DUNE are expected to be uniquely sensitive to the $ν_{e}$ component of the supernova flux, enabling a wide variety of physics and astrophysics measurements. A key requirement for a correct interpretation of these measurements is a good understanding of the energy-dependent total cross section $σ (E_{ν})$ for charged-current $ν_{e}$ absorption on argon. In the context of a simulated extraction of supernova $ν_{e}$ spectral parameters from a toy analysis, we investigate the impact of $σ (E_{ν})$ modeling uncertainties on DUNE's supernova neutrino physics sensitivity for the first time. We find that the currently large theoretical uncertainties on $σ (E_{ν})$ must be substantially reduced before the $ν_{e}$ flux parameters can be extracted reliably: in the absence of external constraints, a measurement of the integrated neutrino luminosity with less than 10\% bias with DUNE requires $σ (E_{ν})$ to be known to about 5%. The neutrino spectral shape parameters can be known to better than 10% for a 20% uncertainty on the cross-section scale, although they will be sensitive to uncertainties on the shape of $σ (E_{ν})$ . A direct measurement of low-energy $ν_{e}$ -argon scattering would be invaluable for improving the theoretical precision to the needed level.
Comments:
25 pages, 21 figures
Subjects:
High Energy Physics — Experiment (hep-ex); High Energy Physics — Phenomenology (hep-ph); Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
arXiv:
2303.17007 [pdf]
PRD(2023)·31 citations
07
[Submitted on 30 Mar 2023] (cross-list from nucl-ex)
Hot QCD White Paper
M. Arslandok🇺🇸 · S. A. Bass🇺🇸 · A. A. Baty🇺🇸 · I. Bautista🇲🇽 · C. Beattie🇺🇸 · F. Becattini🇮🇹 · R. Bellwied🇺🇸 · Y. Berdnikov🇷🇺 · A. Berdnikov🇷🇺 · J. Bielcik🇨🇿 · J. T. Blair🇺🇸 · F. Bock🇺🇸 and 162 other authors
Hot QCD physics studies the nuclear strong force under extreme temperature and densities. Experimentally these conditions are achieved via high-energy collisions of heavy ions at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) and the Large Hadron Collider (LHC). In the past decade, a unique and substantial suite of data was collected at RHIC and the LHC, probing hydrodynamics at the nucleon scale, the temperature dependence of the transport properties of quark-gluon plasma, the phase diagram of nuclear matter, the interaction of quarks and gluons at different scales and much more. This document, as part of the 2023 nuclear science long range planning process, was written to review the progress in hot QCD since the 2015 Long Range Plan for Nuclear Science, as well as highlight the realization of previous recommendations, and present opportunities for the next decade, building on the accomplishments and investments made in theoretical developments and the construction of new detectors. Furthermore, this document provides additional context to support the recommendations voted on at the Joint Hot and Cold QCD Town Hall Meeting, which are reported in a separate document.
Comments:
190 pages, 69 figures
Subjects:
Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex); High Energy Physics — Experiment (hep-ex); High Energy Physics — Phenomenology (hep-ph); Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
arXiv:
2303.17254 [pdf]
124 citations
08
[Submitted on 30 Mar 2023] (cross-list from nucl-ex)
Examination of cluster production in excited light systems at Fermi energies from new experimental data and comparison with transport model calculations
C. Frosin🇮🇹 · S. Piantelli🇮🇹 · G. Casini🇮🇹 · A. Ono🇯🇵 · A. Camaiani🇧🇪 · L. Baldesi🇮🇹 · S. Barlini🇮🇹 · B. Borderie🇫🇷 · R. Bougault🇫🇷 · C. Ciampi🇮🇹 · M. Cicerchia🇮🇹 · A. Chbihi🇫🇷 and 35 other authors
Four different reactions, $^{32}$ S+ $^{12}$ C and $^{20}$ Ne+ $^{12}$ C at 25 and 50 MeV/nucleon, have been measured with the FAZIA detector capable of full isotopic identification of most forward emitted reaction products. Fragment multiplicities, angular distributions and energy spectra have been measured and compared with Monte Carlo simulations, i.e. the antisymmetrized molecular dynamics (AMD) and the heavy-ion phase space exploration (HIPSE) models. These models are combined with two different afterburner codes (HF $l$ and SIMON) to describe the decay of the excited primary fragments. In the case of AMD, the effect of including the clustering and inter-clustering processes to form bound particles and fragments is discussed. A clear confirmation of the role of cluster aggregation in the reaction dynamics and particle production for these light systems, for which the importance of the clustering process increases with bombarding energy, is obtained.
Comments:
15 pages, 14 PDF figures
Subjects:
Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex); Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
arXiv:
2303.17390 [pdf]
PRC(2023)·24 citations
09
[Submitted on 30 Mar 2023] (cross-list from astro-ph.HE)
Constraining a relativistic mean field model using neutron star mass-radius measurements I: Nucleonic models
Chun Huang🇨🇳 · Geert Raaijmakers🇳🇱 · Anna L. Watts🇳🇱 · Laura Tolos🇪🇸 · Constança Providência🇵🇹
Measurements of neutron star mass and radius or tidal deformability deliver unique insight into the equation of state (EOS) of cold dense matter. EOS inference is very often done using generalized parametric or non-parametric models which deliver no information on composition. In this paper we consider a microscopic nuclear EOS model based on a field theoretical approach. We show that current measurements from NICER and gravitational wave observations constrain primarily the symmetric nuclear matter EOS. We then explore what could be delivered by measurements of mass and radius at the level anticipated for future large-area X-ray timing telescopes. These should be able to place very strong limits on the symmetric nuclear matter EOS, in addition to constraining the nuclear symmetry energy that determines the proton fraction inside the neutron star.
Comments:
Accepted for publication in MNRAS
Subjects:
High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE); Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR); Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
arXiv:
2303.17518 [pdf]
MNRAS(2024)·70 citations
10
[Submitted on 30 Mar 2023] (cross-list from hep-ph)
Small- $x$ Quark and Gluon Helicity Contributions to the Proton Spin Puzzle
Yossathorn Tawabutr🇫🇮
A small- $x$ helicity evolution has been derived in 2016-18 and received an important modification in 2022. This article discusses its general framework and summarizes the recent theoretical developments, including the asymptotic behaviors of helicity PDFs and $g_{1}$ structure function at small $x$ . The latest fits to various polarized scattering data are also discussed. The results from this research program will provide important theoretical inputs for the future polarized small- $x$ measurements at the electron-ion collider (EIC).
Comments:
Proceedings to XXIX Cracow Epiphany Conference; version 2 with minor edits; 13 pages, 0 figures
Subjects:
High Energy Physics — Phenomenology (hep-ph); High Energy Physics — Experiment (hep-ex); Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex); Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
arXiv:
2303.17532 [pdf]
Acta Phys.Polon.Supp.(2023)·3 citations

Affiliations

first authorsco-authorsvia INSPIRE