PaperPanorama

Nuclear Theory·nucl-th

Tuesday·July 27, 2021

18 papers8 primary·10 cross-listed

  1. 01

    [Submitted on 24 Jul 2021]

    Nuclear Effective Field Theories: Reverberations of the early days

    U. van Kolck🇫🇷

    Effective field theories are recognized nowadays as the framework to describe low-energy nuclear structure and reactions consistently with the underlying theory of the strong interactions, QCD. It was not always so. As we celebrate the 30 years of the first publications, I collect here some memories from those early days. I also discuss some of the key issues that were raised back then and, despite all progress, are still with us. Dedicated to the memory of Steven Weinberg, whose ideas will not die, wherever they may lead.

    Comments:
    Contribution to the special issue of Few-Body Syst., "Celebrating 30 years of Steven Weinberg's papers on nuclear forces from chiral Lagrangians"
    Subjects:
    Nuclear Theory (nucl-th); High Energy Physics — Phenomenology (hep-ph); History and Philosophy of Physics (physics.hist-ph)
    arXiv:
    2107.11675 [pdf]
    Few Body Syst.(2021)·16 citations
  2. 02

    [Submitted on 25 Jul 2021]

    Analytic solutions of relativistic dissipative spin hydrodynamics with Bjorken expansion

    Dong-Lin Wang🇨🇳 · Shuo Fang🇨🇳 · Shi Pu🇨🇳

    We have studied analytically the longitudinally boost-invariant motion of a relativistic dissipative fluid with spin. We have derived the analytic solutions of spin density and spin chemical potential as a function of proper time in the presence of viscous tensor and the second order relaxation time corrections for spin. Interestingly, analogous to the ordinary particle number density and chemical potential, we find that the spin density and spin chemical potential decay as and , respectively. It implies that the initial spin density may not survive at the freezeout hyper-surface. These solutions can serve both to gain insight on the dynamics of spin polarization in relativistic heavy-ion collisions and as testbeds for further numerical codes.

    Comments:
    14 pages
    Subjects:
    Nuclear Theory (nucl-th); High Energy Physics — Phenomenology (hep-ph)
    arXiv:
    2107.11726 [pdf]
    PRD(2021)·71 citations
  3. 03

    [Submitted on 25 Jul 2021]

    Probing criticality with deep learning in relativistic heavy-ion collisions

    Yige Huang🇨🇳 · Long-Gang Pang🇨🇳 · Xiaofeng Luo🇨🇳 · Xin-Nian Wang🇨🇳

    Systems with different interactions could develop the same critical behaviour due to the underlying symmetry and universality. Using this principle of universality, we can embed critical correlations modeled on the 3D Ising model into the simulated data of heavy-ion collisions, hiding weak signals of a few inter-particle correlations within a large particle cloud. Employing a point cloud network with dynamical edge convolution, we are able to identify events with critical fluctuations through supervised learning, and pick out a large fraction of signal particles used for decision-making in each single event.

    Comments:
    10 pages, 5 figures, version accepted by Physics Letters B
    Subjects:
    Nuclear Theory (nucl-th); High Energy Physics — Experiment (hep-ex); High Energy Physics — Phenomenology (hep-ph); Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
    arXiv:
    2107.11828 [pdf]
    PLB(2022)·20 citations
  4. 04

    [Submitted on 26 Jul 2021]

    Probing the in-medium -broadening by +HF angular de-correlations

    Sa Wang🇨🇳 · Jin-Wen Kang🇨🇳 · Wei Dai🇨🇳 · Ben-Wei Zhang🇨🇳 · Enke Wang🇨🇳

    Angular correlations between vector boson and heavy flavors~(HF) are potentially new effective tools to gain insight into the partonic interactions in the quark-gluon plasma (QGP). In this paper, we present the theoretical study of the azimuthal angular de-correlations of HF in nucleus-nucleus collisions as a new probe of the in-medium -broadening effect. The initial production of HF in p+p is generated by SHERPA which matches the next-to-leading hard processes with parton shower. The in-medium heavy quark evolution is implemented by a Monte Carlo Langevin simulation, which takes into account the collisional and radiative energy loss. We observe considerable suppression at and enhancement at in D azimuthal angular distribution in Pb+Pb collisions at 5.02 TeV compared to the p+p baseline, which indicates evident in-medium -broadening of charm quarks. We also find that the overall modification patterns of D angular distribution are sensitive to the selection cut of D meson . Furthermore, by constructing the 2D () correlation diagram, it's possible to display the respective impacts of the two aspects of jet quenching, energy loss and -broadening, on the final-state D observable simultaneously. Additionally, we find weaker angular de-correlations of B compared to D which may be helpful to understand the mass hierarchy in heavy-ion collisions. Finally, the nuclear modification of distributions in central Au+Au collisions at RHIC energy is provided for completeness.

    Comments:
    11 pages, 9 figures
    Subjects:
    Nuclear Theory (nucl-th); High Energy Physics — Phenomenology (hep-ph)
    arXiv:
    2107.12000 [pdf]
    Eur.Phys.J.A 58 (2022) 7, 135·14 citations
  5. 05

    [Submitted on 26 Jul 2021]

    Spectroscopic factors in dripline nuclei

    J. Wylie🇺🇸 · J. Okołowicz🇵🇱 · W. Nazarewicz🇺🇸 · M. Płoszajczak🇫🇷 · S.M. Wang🇺🇸 · X. Mao🇺🇸 · N. Michel🇨🇳

    Single-nucleon knockout reaction studies of the proton-dripline nuclei C and O suggest an appreciable suppression of spectroscopic factors. In this work, we calculate the one-neutron and one-proton spectroscopic factors for the mirror pair C-Li and O using two variants of the continuum shell model: the complex-energy Gamow Shell Model and the real-energy Shell Model Embedded in the Continuum. Our results indicate that the continuum effects strongly suppress the spectroscopic factors of well-bound orbits in the dripline systems, but have less impact on the spectroscopic factors of weakly-bound states.

    Comments:
    7 pages, 3 figures, 1 table
    Subjects:
    Nuclear Theory (nucl-th); Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
    arXiv:
    2107.12160 [pdf]
    PRC(2021)·25 citations
  6. 06

    [Submitted on 26 Jul 2021]

    Coexistence of isospin I = 0 and I = 1 pairings in asymmetric nuclear matter

    Yi-Jun Yan · Xin-Le Shang · Jian-Min Dong · Wei Zuo

    The coexistence of neutron-neutron (n-n), proton-proton (p-p), and neutron-proton (n-p) pairings is investigated by adopting an effective density-dependent contact pairing potential. These three types of pairings can coexist only if the n-p pairing is stronger than the n-n and p-p pairings for isospin asymmetric nuclear matter. In addition, the existence of n-n and p-p pairs might enhance n-p pairings in asymmetric nuclear matter when the n-p pairing strength is significantly stronger than the n-n and p-p ones. Conversely, the n-p pairing is reduced by the n-n and p-p pairs when the n-p pairing interaction approaches n-n and p-p pairings.

    Subjects:
    Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
    arXiv:
    2107.12197 [pdf]
    CPC(2021)·2 citations
  7. 07

    [Submitted on 26 Jul 2021]

    Exact solution of the Brueckner-Bethe-Goldstone equation with three-body forces in nuclear matter

    Xin-Le Shang🇨🇳 · Jian-Min Dong🇨🇳 · Wei Zuo🇨🇳 · Peng Yin🇨🇳 · U. Lombardo4🇮🇹

    An exact treatment of the operators Q/e(\omega) and the total momentum is adopted to solve the nuclear matter Bruecker-Bethe-Goldstone equation with two- and three-body forces. The single-particle potential, equation of state and nucleon effective mass are calculated from the exact G-matrix. The results are compared with those obtained under the angle-average approximation and the angle-average approximation with total momentum approximation. It is found that the angle-average procedure, whereas preventing huge calculations of coupled channels, nevertheless provides a fairly accurate approximation. On the contrary, the total momentum approximation turns out to be quite inaccurate compared to its exact counterpart.

    Subjects:
    Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
    arXiv:
    2107.12228 [pdf]
    PRC(2021)·16 citations
  8. 08

    [Submitted on 26 Jul 2021]

    Trapped two-nucleon system in energy-dependent effective field theory

    Chenbo Li🇨🇳 · Jiexin Yu🇨🇳 · Rui Peng🇨🇳 · Songlin Lyu🇨🇳 · Bingwei Long🇨🇳

    We discuss how to connect the energy levels of two-particle systems trapped by a harmonic-oscillator force to scattering amplitudes, with nucleon-nucleon scattering phase shifts in uncoupled channels as the application. At the center of the proposed framework is the energy-dependent effective field theory that aims to expand observables in a neighborhood around each reference energy, often taken to be one of the energy levels. We also investigate how to disentangle the trapping force at short distances and the intrinsic interaction between the particles.

    Comments:
    Comments added to the discussions. Matches the published version
    Subjects:
    Nuclear Theory (nucl-th); High Energy Physics — Lattice (hep-lat)
    arXiv:
    2107.12273 [pdf]
    PRC(2021)·4 citations
  9. 09

    [Submitted on 24 Jul 2021] (cross-list from astro-ph.HE)

    The Regulated NiCu Cycles with the new Cu(p,)Zn reaction rate and the Influence on Type-I X-Ray Bursts: GS 182624 Clocked Burster

    Yi Hua Lam · Ning Lu · Alexander Heger · Adam Michael Jacobs · Nadezda A. Smirnova · Teresa Kurtukian Nieto · Zac Johnston · Shigeru Kubono

    During the X-ray bursts of GS 182624, "clocked burster", the nuclear reaction flow that surges through the rapid-proton capture process path has to pass through the NiCu cycles before reaching the ZnGa cycles that moderate the further extent of hydrogen burning in the region above germanium and selenium isotopes. The Cu(p,)Zn reaction located in the NiCu cycles plays an important role in influencing the burst light curves as found by Cyburt et al. (2016). We deduce the Cu(p,)Zn reaction rate based on the experimentally determined important nuclear structure information, isobaric-multiplet-mass equation, and large-scale shell model calculations. Based on the isobaric-multiplet-mass equation, we propose a possible order of and dominant resonance states and constrain the resonance energy of the state. The latter reduces the contribution of the dominant resonance state. The new reaction rate is up to a factor of four lower than the Forstner et al. (2001) rate recommended by JINA REACLIB v2.2 at the temperature regime sensitive to clocked bursts of GS 182624. Using the simulation from the one-dimensional implicit hydrodynamic code, KEPLER, to model the thermonuclear X-ray bursts of GS 182624 clocked burster, we find that the new Cu(p,)Zn coupled with the latest Ni(p,)Cu and Ni(p,)Cu reaction rates redistributes the reaction flow in the NiCu cycles and strongly influences the burst ash composition, whereas the Cu(p,)Ni and Cu(p,)Zn reactions suppress the influence of the Cu(p,)Zn reaction and diminish the impact of nuclear reaction flow that by-passes the important Ni waiting point induced by the Ni(p,)Cu reaction on burst light curve.

    Comments:
    18 pages, 10 figures, 6 tables, accepted by The Astrophysical Journal on 14 January 2022
    Subjects:
    High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE); Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex); Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
    arXiv:
    2107.11552 [pdf]
    ApJ(2022)·0 citations
  10. 10

    [Submitted on 24 Jul 2021] (cross-list from hep-ph)

    Quantum field-theoretical description of neutrino oscillations in magnetic field

    Vadim Egorov🇷🇺 · Igor Volobuev🇷🇺

    It is shown that the processes of neutrino oscillations in a magnetic field can be consistently described in the framework of a new quantum field-theoretical approach without use of the neutrino flavor states. It is based on the Feynman diagram technique with a modified distance-dependent propagator, which takes into account the geometry of neutrino oscillation experiments. Processes of neutrino oscillations in a magnetic field, where the neutrinos are detected through the weak charged- and neutral-current interaction, have been studied and numerical calculations have been carried out for some specific examples. Implications for the solar neutrinos are briefly discussed, and formulas for the asymptotic values of the normalized probability of solar neutrino oscillation processes are derived, which coincide with the observable ratio of the measurable neutrino flux to that predicted by the standard solar model.

    Comments:
    21 pages, 10 figures
    Subjects:
    High Energy Physics — Phenomenology (hep-ph); Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
    arXiv:
    2107.11570 [pdf]
    J.Exp.Theor.Phys.(2022)·10 citations
  11. 11

    [Submitted on 25 Jul 2021] (cross-list from hep-th)

    Covariant Chiral Kinetic Equation in Non-Abelian Gauge field from "covariant gradient expansion"

    Xiao-Li Luo🇨🇳 · Jian-Hua Gao🇨🇳

    We derive the chiral kinetic equation in 8 dimensional phase space in non-Abelian gauge field within the Wigner function formalism. By using the "covariant gradient expansion", we disentangle the Wigner equations in four-vector space up to the first order and find that only the time-like component of the chiral Wigner function is independent while other components can be explicit derivative. After further decomposing the Wigner function or equations in color space, we present the non-Abelian covariant chiral kinetic equation for the color singlet and multiplet phase-space distribution functions. These phase-space distribution functions have non-trivial Lorentz transformation rules when we define them in different reference frames. The chiral anomaly from non-Abelian gauge field arises naturally from the Berry monopole in Euclidian momentum space in the vacuum or Dirac sea contribution. The anomalous currents as non-Abelian counterparts of chiral magnetic effect and chiral vortical effect have also been derived from the non-Abelian chiral kinetic equation.

    Comments:
    19 pages, no figures
    Subjects:
    High Energy Physics — Theory (hep-th); High Energy Physics — Phenomenology (hep-ph); Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
    arXiv:
    2107.11709 [pdf]
    JHEP(2021)·17 citations
  12. 12

    [Submitted on 25 Jul 2021] (cross-list from hep-ph)

    QLBT: A linear Boltzmann transport model for heavy quarks in a quark-gluon plasma of quasi-particles

    Feng-Lei Liu🇨🇳 · Wen-Jing Xing🇨🇳 · Xiang-Yu Wu🇨🇳 · Guang-You Qin🇨🇳 · Shanshan Cao🇨🇳 · Xin-Nian Wang🇨🇳

    We develop a new heavy quark transport model, QLBT, to simulate the dynamical propagation of heavy quarks inside the quark-gluon plasma (QGP) created in relativistic heavy-ion collisions. Our QLBT model is based on the linear Boltzmann transport (LBT) model with the ideal QGP replaced by a collection of quasi-particles to account for the non-perturbative interactions among quarks and gluons of the hot QGP. The thermal masses of quasi-particles are fitted to the equation of state from lattice QCD simulations using the Bayesian statistical analysis method. Combining QLBT with our advanced hybrid fragmentation-coalescence hadronization approach, we calculate the nuclear modification factor and the elliptic flow of mesons at the Relativistic Heavy-Ion Collider and the Large Hadron Collider. By comparing our QLBT calculation to the experimental data on the meson and , we extract the heavy quark transport parameter and diffusion coefficient in the temperature range of , and compare them with the lattice QCD results and other phenomenological studies.

    Comments:
    13 pages, 9 figures
    Subjects:
    High Energy Physics — Phenomenology (hep-ph); Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex); Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
    arXiv:
    2107.11713 [pdf]
    EPJC(2022)·42 citations
  13. 13

    [Submitted on 25 Jul 2021] (cross-list from hep-ph)

    Jet shape and redistribution of the lost energy from jets in Pb+Pb collisions at the LHC in a multiphase transport model

    Ao Luo🇨🇳 · Ya-Xian Mao🇨🇳 · Guang-You Qin🇨🇳 · En-Ke Wang🇨🇳 · Han-Zhong Zhang🇨🇳

    Jet-medium interaction involves two important effects: jet energy loss and medium response. The search for jet-induced medium excitations is one of the hot topics in jet quenching study in relativistic nuclear collisions. In this work, we perform a systematic study on how the lost energy from hard jets evolves with the bulk medium and redistributes in the final state of heavy-ion collisions via a multi-phase transport model. In particular, the () distribution of charged particles with respect to the jet axis and jet shape function are studied for various Pb+Pb collision centralities and for different transverse momentum intervals of charged particles. Our numerical result shows a strong enhancement of soft particles at large angles for Pb+Pb collisions relative to p+p collisions at the LHC, qualitatively consistent with recent CMS data. This indicates that a significant fraction of the lost energy from hard jets is carried by soft particles at large angles away from the jet axis.

    Comments:
    10 pages, 9 figures
    Subjects:
    High Energy Physics — Phenomenology (hep-ph); Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex); Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
    arXiv:
    2107.11751 [pdf]
    EPJC(2022)·17 citations
  14. 14

    [Submitted on 25 Jul 2021] (cross-list from hep-ph)

    The three point asymmetric cumulants in high multiplicity pp collisions

    B. Blok🇮🇱 · R. Segev (Technion)🇮🇱

    We study the influence of quantum interference and colour flow on three point correlations described by asymmetric cumulants in high multiplicity events in pp collisions. We use the model previously developed for the study of the collectivity in symmetric cumulants. We show that the resulting three point asymmetric cumulant is in qualitative agreement with the experimental data for the same parameters of the model as it was with the symmetric cumulants. Our results show that the initial state correlations must play a major role and may be even dominant in the explanation of the correlations in high multiplicity pp events.

    Comments:
    29 pages, 14 figures, we extended comparison with experimental data, added a figure, streamlined the discussion and added references
    Subjects:
    High Energy Physics — Phenomenology (hep-ph); High Energy Physics — Experiment (hep-ex); Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex); Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
    arXiv:
    2107.11885 [pdf]
    EPJC(2021)·1 citation
  15. 15

    [Submitted on 26 Jul 2021] (cross-list from hep-lat)

    Lattice QCD calculation of the Collins-Soper kernel from quasi TMDPDFs

    Phiala Shanahan🇺🇸 · Michael Wagman🇺🇸 · Yong Zhao🇺🇸

    This work presents a lattice quantum chromodynamics (QCD) calculation of the nonperturbative Collins-Soper kernel, which describes the rapidity evolution of quark transverse-momentum-dependent parton distribution functions. The kernel is extracted at transverse momentum scales in the range 400 MeV GeV in a calculation with dynamical fermions and quark masses corresponding to a larger-than-physical pion mass, MeV. It is found that different approaches to extract the Collins-Soper kernel from the same underlying lattice QCD matrix elements yield significantly different results and uncertainty estimates, revealing that power corrections, such as those associated with higher-twist effects, and perturbative matching between quasi and light-cone beam functions, cannot be neglected.

    Comments:
    25 pages
    Subjects:
    High Energy Physics — Lattice (hep-lat); High Energy Physics — Phenomenology (hep-ph); Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
    arXiv:
    2107.11930 [pdf]
    PRD(2021)·99 citations
  16. 16

    [Submitted on 26 Jul 2021] (cross-list from hep-ph)

    Excitation spectra of heavy baryons in diquark models

    Kento Kumakawa🇯🇵 · Daisuke Jido🇯🇵

    The excitation energy spectra of heavy baryons consisting of a heavy quark and two light quarks are investigated by using diquark models in order to examine the nature of the diquark as a constituent of single heavy baryons. We consider two diquark models; in model A the diquark is treated as a point-like particle, while it has a spatial size in model B. We determine the masses of scalar and axial vector diquarks by the mass difference of the ground state charmed baryons to the baryon, while the mass of the scalar diquark in the baryon is assumed to be 500 MeV as a reference. The parameters of these models are fixed by the excitation energy of . We find that model A reproduces well the excitation energy spectra of the charmed and bottomed baryons, although the string tension of the confinement potential in model A should be a half of that of the charmonium, while Model B suggests degeneracy of the and states, which is not seen in the spectrum.

    Comments:
    22 pages, 13 figures, 7 tables
    Subjects:
    High Energy Physics — Phenomenology (hep-ph); Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
    arXiv:
    2107.11950 [pdf]
    PTEP(2022)·6 citations
  17. 17

    [Submitted on 26 Jul 2021] (cross-list from astro-ph.SR)

    Presolar grain isotopic ratios as constraints to nuclear and stellar parameters of AGB nucleosynthesis

    Sara Palmerini · Maurizio Busso · Diego Vescovi · Eugenia Naselli · Angelo Pidatella · Riccardo Mucciola · Sergio Cristallo · David Mascali · Alberto Mengoni · Stefano Simonucci · Simone Taioli

    Recent models for evolved Low Mass Stars (with ), undergoing the AGB phase assume that magnetic flux-tube buoyancy drives the formation of C reservoirs in He-rich layers. We illustrate their crucial properties, showing how the low abundance of C generated below the convective envelope hampers the formation of primary N and the ensuing synthesis of intermediate-mass nuclei, like F and Ne. In the mentioned models, their production is therefore of a purely secondary nature. Shortage of primary Ne has also important effects in reducing the neutron density. Another property concerns AGB winds, which are likely to preserve C-rich subcomponents, isolated by magnetic tension, even when the envelope composition is O-rich. Conditions for the formation of C-rich compounds are therefore found in stages earlier than previously envisaged. These issues, together with the uncertainties related to several nuclear physics quantities, are discussed in the light of the isotopic admixtures of s-process elements in presolar SiC grains of stellar origin, which provide important and precise constraints to the otherwise uncertain parameters. By comparing nucleosynthesis results with measured SiC data, it is argued that such a detailed series of constraints indicates the need for new measurements of weak interaction rates in ionized plasmas, as well as of neutron-capture cross sections, especially near the N = 50 and N = 82 neutron magic numbers. Nontheless, the peculiarity of our models allows us to achieve fits to the presolar grain data of a quality so far never obtained in previously published attempts.

    Comments:
    33 pages, 38 figures, ApJ accepted
    Subjects:
    Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR); Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex); Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
    arXiv:
    2107.12037 [pdf]
    ApJ(2021)·19 citations
  18. 18

    [Submitted on 26 Jul 2021] (cross-list from hep-ph)

    Spinless mesons and glueballs mixing patterns in SU(3) flavor limit

    Amir H. Fariborz🇺🇸 · Mars Lyukova🇺🇸

    We present a detailed study of the interactions among scalar and pseudoscalar mesons and glueballs within the framework of the generalized linear sigma model in the SU(3) flavor limit. The basis of our approach is to develop a global understanding of light scalar and pseudoscalar mesons (up to around 2 GeV) and thereby explore the underlying mixings among composite quark matter fields and glueballs. The chiral sector of the Lagrangian is formulated in terms of two chiral nonets representing quark-antiquarks and tetraquarks (in the leading order, this sector contains terms with eight or fewer number of quak or antiquark lines). The Lagrangian also contains a sector that represents scalar and pseudoscalar glueballs and their interactions with the matter chiral fields, in a manner that the axial and trace anomalies of QCD are exactly realized. In this construct, the model has two scalar octets and two pdeudoscalar octets (each a linear combination of two- and four-quark components), as well as three scalar SU(3) singlets and three pseudoscalar SU(3) singlets (each a linear combination of two- and four-quark components as well as a glueball component). With the inputs of the experimental masses of , , and the masses of , and their decay constants, we perform an extensive numerical simulation to determine the boundaries of the parameter space of the model. We further incorporate experimental data on the mass spectrum of eta states as well as on several decay widths and decay ratios of states to zoom in on the parameter space and make predictions for the substructure of pseudoscalar and scalar SU(3) octets and singlets as well as for the pseudoscalar and scalar glueball masses. We find the scalar and pseudoscalar glueball masses around 1.6 and 2.0 GeV, respectively.

    Comments:
    35 pages, 19 figures. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1810.10624
    Subjects:
    High Energy Physics — Phenomenology (hep-ph); High Energy Physics — Experiment (hep-ex); High Energy Physics — Lattice (hep-lat); Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex); Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
    arXiv:
    2107.12266 [pdf]
    NPA(2021)·7 citations

Affiliations

first authorsco-authorsvia INSPIRE