Microscopic description of axisymmetric vortices in superfluids
Yusuke Masaki🇯🇵 · Takeshi Mizushima🇯🇵 · Muneto Nitta🇯🇵
We study quantized vortices in superfluids using a microscopic theory for the first time. The theory is based on the Eilenberger equation to determine the order parameters and the Bogoliubov-de Gennes (BdG) equation to obtain the eigenenergies and the core magnetization. Within axisymmetric vortex configurations, we find several stable and metastable vortex configurations which depend on the strength of a magnetic field, similar to a vortex and vortex in He superfluids. We demonstrate that the vortex is the most stable axisymmetric vortex in the presence of a strong magnetic field, and we find two zero-energy Majorana fermion bound states in the -vortex core. We show that the profiles of the core magnetization calculated using the BdG equation are drastically different from those calculated using only the order parameter profiles known before.