Nuclear Theory·nucl-th

Friday·March 8, 2019

18 papers—7 primary·11 cross-listed

08
A Novel Approach to Neutrino-Hydrogen Measurements
H. Duyang🇺🇸 · B. Guo🇺🇸 · S.R. Mishra🇺🇸 · R. Petti🇺🇸
The limited statistics of the available (anti)neutrino-hydrogen (H) interactions has been a longstanding impediment for high-energy neutrino physics. We discuss a practical way to achieve accurate (anti)neutrino-hydrogen measurements, addressing the principal limitations of earlier experiments. Interactions on hydrogen are extracted by subtracting measurements on thin dedicated graphite (pure C) and polypropylene (CH $_{2}$ ) targets within a highly segmented low-density detector. A kinematic selection is used to increase the purities to 80-95\% before subtraction. A statistics of $O (1 0^{6})$ can be realistically achieved in modern neutrino beams for the various $ν (ν ˉ)$ -H event topologies. The availability of such samples would allow a precise determination of neutrino and antineutrino fluxes, as well as to directly constrain nuclear effects from a comparison with corresponding measurements on heavy materials within the same detector. The (anti)neutrino fluxes and the nuclear smearing are typically the leading sources of systematic uncertainties in long-baseline oscillation experiments. (Anti)neutrino-hydrogen interactions also provide an ideal tool for a wide range of precision tests of fundamental interactions.
↳ hep-phhep-exnucl-exnucl-th+1Eur.Phys.J.Plus(2024)·31 citations
09
A Precise Determination of (Anti)neutrino Fluxes with (Anti)neutrino-Hydrogen Interactions
H. Duyang🇺🇸 · B. Guo🇺🇸 · S.R. Mishra🇺🇸 · R. Petti🇺🇸
We present a novel method to accurately determine the flux of neutrinos and antineutrinos, one of the dominant systematic uncertainty affecting current and future long-baseline neutrino experiments, as well as precision neutrino scattering experiment. Using exclusive topologies in $ν (ν ˉ)$ -hydrogen interactions, $ν_{μ} p \to μ^{-} p π^{+}$ , $ν ˉ_{μ} p \to μ^{+} p π^{-}$ , and $ν ˉ_{μ} p \to μ^{+} n$ with small hadronic energy, we achieve an overall accuracy on the relative fluxes better than 1\% in the energy range covering most of the available flux. Since we cannot rely on simulations nor model corrections at this level of precision, we present techniques to constrain all relevant systematic uncertainties using data themselves. The method can be implemented using the approach we recently proposed to collect high statistics samples of $ν (ν ˉ)$ -hydrogen interactions in a low-density and high-resolution detector, which could serve as part of the near detector complex in a long-baseline neutrino experiment, as well as a dedicated beam monitoring detector.
↳ hep-phhep-exnucl-exnucl-th+1PLB(2019)·32 citations
10
Relativistic Hydrodynamic Fluctuations
Xin An🇺🇸 · Gokce Basar🇺🇸 · Mikhail Stephanov🇺🇸 · Ho-Ung Yee🇺🇸
We present a general systematic formalism for describing dynamics of fluctuations in an arbitrary relativistic hydrodynamic flow, including their feedback (known as long-time hydrodynamic tails). The fluctuations are described by two-point equal-time correlation functions. We introduce a definition of equal time in a situation where the local rest frame is determined by the local flow velocity, and a method of taking derivatives and Wigner transforms of such equal-time correlation functions, which we call confluent. We find that the equations for confluent Wigner functions not only resemble kinetic equations, but that the kinetic equation for phonons propagating on an arbitrary background nontrivially matches the equations for Wigner functions, including relativistic inertial and Coriolis forces due to acceleration and vorticity of the flow. We also describe the procedure of renormalization of short-distance singularities which eliminates cutoff dependence, allowing efficient numerical implementation of these equations.
↳ hep-thcond-mat.stat-mechhep-phnucl-thPRC(2019)·93 citations
11
Dark compact objects: an extensive overview
Maksym Deliyergiyev🇨🇳 · Antonino Del Popolo🇮🇹 · Laura Tolos🇩🇪 · Morgan Le Delliou🇨🇳 · Xiguo Lee🇨🇳 · Fiorella Burgio🇮🇹
We study the structure of compact objects that contain non-self annihilating, self-interacting dark matter admixed with ordinary matter made of neutron star and white dwarf materials. We extend the previous work Phys. Rev. D 92 123002 (2015) on these dark compact objects by analyzing the effect of weak and strongly interacting dark matter with particle masses in the range of 1-500 GeV, so as to set some constraints in the strength of the interaction and the mass of the dark matter particle. We find that the total mass of the compact objects increases with decreasing dark matter particle mass. In the strong interacting case and for dark matter particle masses in the range 1-10 GeV, the total mass of the compact objects largely exceeds the $2 M_{⊙}$ constraint for neutron star masses and the nominal $1 M_{⊙}$ for white dwarfs, while for larger dark matter particle masses or in the weakly interacting case the compact objects show masses in agreement or smaller than these constraints, thus hinting at the exclusion of strongly self-interacting dark matter of masses 1-10 GeV in the interior of these compact objects. Moreover, we observe that the smaller the dark matter particle mass, the larger the quantity of dark matter captured is, putting constraints on the dark matter mass trapped in the compact objects so as to fullfill $≃ 2 M_{⊙}$ observations. Finally, the inhomogeneity of distribution of dark matter in the Galaxy implies a mass dependence of compact objects from the environment which can be used to put constraints on the characteristics of the Galaxy halo DM profile and on particle mass. In view of the these results, we discuss the formation of the dark compact objects in an homogeneous and non-homogeneous dark matter environment.
↳ gr-qcastro-ph.HEhep-phnucl-thPRD(2019)·94 citations
12
Photon radiation in hot nuclear matter by means of chiral anomalies
Kirill Tuchin🇺🇸
A new mechanism of photon emission in the quark-gluon plasma is proposed. Photon dispersion relation in the presence of the $C P$ -odd topological regions generated by the chiral anomaly acquires an imaginary mass. It allows photon radiation through the decay $q \to q γ$ and annihilation $q q ˉ \to γ$ processes closely related to the chiral Cherenkov radiation. Unlike previous proposals this mechanism does not require an external magnetic field. The differential photon emission rate per unit volume is computed and shown to be comparable to the rate of photon emission in conventional processes.
↳ hep-phnucl-thPRC(2019)·9 citations
13
Confinement from Correlated Instanton-Dyon Ensemble in SU(2) Yang-Mills Theory
Miguel Angel Lopez-Ruiz🇺🇸 · Yin Jiang🇨🇳 · Jinfeng Liao🇺🇸
We study the confinement phase transition in $S U (2)$ Yang-Mills theory, based on a statistical ensemble model of correlated instanton-dyons. We show for the first time that such a model provides a quantitative description, in light of the lattice data, for the temperature dependence of the order parameter. We characterize the short-range interaction which plays a crucial role for the properties of such ensemble. The chromo-magnetic charge density as well as the spatial correlations is found to be consistent with known lattice and phenomenological information.
↳ hep-phnucl-thPRD(2019)·4 citations
14
Gravitational form factors of a spin one particle
Maxim V. Polyakov🇷🇺 · Bao-Dong Sun🇨🇳
We define the form factors of the quark and gluon symmetric energy-momentum tensor (EMT). The static EMT is related to the spatial distributions of energy, spin, pressure and shear forces. They are obtained in the form of a multipole expansion. The relations between gravitational form factors and the generalised parton distributions are given.
↳ hep-phnucl-exnucl-thPRD(2019)·71 citations
15
Liquid-Gas phase transition in nuclei
B. Borderie🇫🇷 · J.D. Frankland🇫🇷
This review article takes stock of the progress made in understanding the phase transition in hot nuclei and highlights the coherence of observed signatures
↳ nucl-excond-mat.stat-mechnucl-thPPNP(2019)·75 citations
16
Bound states of relativistic nature
V.A. Karmanov🇷🇺 · J. Carbonell🇫🇷 · H. Sazdjian🇫🇷
Bethe-Salpeter equation, for massless exchange and large fine structure constant $α > π /4$ , in addition to the Balmer series, provides another (abnormal) series of energy levels which are not given by the Schrödinger equation. So strong field can be created by a point-like charge $Z > 107$ . The nuclei with this charge, though available, they are far from to be point-like that weakens the field. Therefore, the abnormal states of this origin hardly exist. We analyze the more realistic case of exchange by a massive particle when the large value of coupling constant is typical for the strong interaction. It turns out that this interaction still generates a series of abnormal relativistic states. The properties of these solutions are studied. Their existence in nature seems possible.
↳ hep-phhep-thnucl-th2 citations
17
Another walk through the world of chiral dynamics
Ulf-G. Meißner🇩🇪
Chiral dynamics is a pretty mature field. Nonetheless, there are many exciting new developments. In this opening talk, I consider S-wave, isospin-zero pion-pion scattering and the calculation of the width of the lightest baryon resonances at two loops. New insights into the chiral dynamics of charm-strange mesons are discussed as well as recent results on the flavor decomposition of the pion-nucleon $σ$ -term. I end with a short wish-list of lattice QCD tests pertinent to chiral dynamics.
↳ hep-phhep-latnucl-thPoS(2019)·2 citations
18
Low-momentum pion enhancement from schematic hadronization of a gluon-saturated initial state
Elizaveta Nazarova🇷🇺 · Łukasz Juchnowski🇵🇱 · David Blaschke🇵🇱 · Tobias Fischer🇵🇱
We study the particle production in the early stage of the ultrarelativistic heavy-ion collisions. To this end the Boltzmann kinetic equations for gluons and pions with elastic rescattering are considered together with a simple model for the parton-hadron conversion process (hadronisation). It is shown that the overpopulation of the gluon phase space in the initial state leads to an intermediate stage of Bose enhancement in the low-momentum gluon sector which due to the gluon-pion conversion process is then reflected in the final distribution function of pions. This pattern is very similar to the experimental finding of a low-momentum pion enhancement in the ALICE experiment at CERN LHC. Relations to the thermal statistical model of hadron production and the phenomenon of thermal and chemical freeze-out are discussed in this context.
↳ hep-phnucl-thParticles(2019)·3 citations

Affiliations

first authorsco-authorsvia INSPIRE