The Scalar Mesons, Symmetry Breaking, Three Colors and Confinement

Abstract

The same, well known, det(Sigma)+ h.c. term in effective theories, which 't Hooft showed is generated by instantons in QCD and which resolves the UA(1) problem giving mass, in particular to the ${\eta }^{\prime }$ is for three light flavors shown to give three classical minima along the UA(1) circle. The three minima are related to the Z(3) center of SU(3). The term also contributes, in a similar way as the diquark model of Jaffe, to an inverted scalar mass spectrum for the light scalars. The three vacua suggests a connection to the strong CP problem and confinement.

Comments: pages, 1 figure. The relevance of the center Z(3) of SU(3), and chiral symmetry breaking trilinear in the fields are emphasized