pion-rho Mixing as a mechanism for non-monotonic charged pion behavior in magnetic fields

Abstract

We investigate whether magnetic field induced $\pi -\rho$ mixing can explain the non-monotonic behavior of the charged pion reported in lattice QCD. Using a near-pole effective action derived from the SU(2)${}_f$ Nambu--Jona-Lasinio model, we show that the lowest Landau level charged pion mixes with the longitudinally polarized charged rho meson, which shares the same quantum numbers in a magnetic background. The resulting level repulsion is strongly amplified by the suppression of the rho wave-function renormalization near the pole. As a consequence, the lowest mixed mode develops a turnover as the magnetic field increases, reproducing the qualitative trend seen on the lattice. Comparison with the direct determinant solution of the Landau-projected kernel shows that the mechanism is robust, although the quantitative location of the maximum remains scheme dependent. These results support $\pi -\rho$ mixing as an important candidate mechanism for charged meson spectra in strong magnetic fields.

Comments: 8 pages, 5 figures