Effect of transverse momentum conservation and flow on symmetric cumulants $s{c}_{2,3}\left\{4\right\}$ and $s{c}_{2,3,4}\left\{6\right\}$

Abstract

Symmetric cumulants can improve our understanding of the joint probability distribution function $P\left(v_m,v_n,v_k,\dots ,{\Psi }_m,{\Psi }_n,{\Psi }_k,\dots \right)$, potentially offering new insights into the nature of the fluctuations of the quark-gluon plasma produced in relativistic heavy-ion collisions. In this work, the four-particle symmetric cumulants $s{c}_{2,3}\left\{4\right\}$, six-particle symmetric cumulants $s{c}_{2,3,4}\left\{6\right\}$, and the normalized cumulants $ns{c}_{2,3}\left\{4\right\}$ and $ns{c}_{2,3,4}\left\{6\right\}$ originating from transverse momentum conservation, collective flow, and the interplay between the two effects are calculated. Our results on $s{c}_{2,3}\left\{4\right\}$ are consistent with the ATLAS data using the subevent cumulant method, facilitating a more profound understanding of the origins of the symmetric cumulant in small systems. Our results on $s{c}_{2,3,4}\left\{6\right\}$ serve as theoretical predictions for future experimental measurements in small systems.

Comments: 28 pages, 4 figures, final published version