Triple-charmed Hadron from Coalescence in Relativistic Heavy-Ion Collisions

Abstract

We investigate the production of the ${\Omega }_{ccc}$ baryon in relativistic heavy-ion collisions. Unlike proton-proton collisions, nuclear collisions produce both deconfined matter and abundant charm quark pairs, which can coalesce to form the ${\Omega }_{ccc}$ baryon, thereby significantly enhancing its production. We employ the Langevin model and the Instantaneous Coalescence Model (LICM), coupled with hydrodynamic simulations, to study charm quark diffusion and coalescence into the ${\Omega }_{ccc}$ baryon in expanding QCD matter. The production of the ${\Omega }_{ccc}$ is governed by the charm quark densities and the in-medium wavefunctions of the ${\Omega }_{ccc}$, which determines the coalescence probability for the three charm quarks. We calculate the ${\Omega }_{ccc}$ production with realistic charm diffusions and different in-medium wave functions of ${\Omega }_{ccc}$ baryon. We find that the production of the ${\Omega }_{ccc}$ baryon is sensitive to these factors, which aids in understanding its properties in the hot QCD medium.

Comments: 7 pages, 3 figures