${\Omega }^{-}$ production as a probe of equation of state of dense matter near the QCD phase transition in relativistic heavy-ion collisions

Abstract

The production of doubly strange hyperon ${\Xi }^{-}$ and trebly strange hyperon ${\Omega }^{-}$ in relativistic Au+Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 4.2 GeV is explored based on a relativistic transport model that is interweaved with hadronic mean-field potentials for heavy-ion collisions. Upon comparison, it appears that relative to the double strangeness observable ${\Xi }^{-}$, the yield and collective flows of the triple strange ${\Omega }^{-}$ exhibit a higher sensitivity to the equation of state (EoS) of dense matter. This characteristic makes the ${\Omega }^{-}$ an essential observable for studying the properties of densely formed matter in relativistic heavy-ion collisions.

Comments: 6 pages, 5 figures, PRC in production