Fluctuations of conserved charges in strong magnetic fields from lattice QCD

Abstract

We present the first lattice QCD results of the second order fluctuations of and correlations among net baryon number, electric charge and strangeness in (2+1)-flavor lattice QCD in the presence of a background magnetic field with physical pion mass $m_{\pi }=135$ MeV. To mimic the magnetic field strength produced in the early stage of heavy-ion collision experiments we use 6 different values of the magnetic field strength up to $\sim$10$m_{\pi }^2$. We find that the correlations between baryon number and electric charge along the transition line are substantially affected by magnetic fields in the current $eB$ window, which could be useful for probing the existence of a magnetic field in heavy-ion collision experiments.

Comments: 6 pages, 1 figure, presented at the XXIXth International Conference on Ultra-relativistic Nucleus-Nucleus Collisions (Quark Matter 2022)