Production of $\psi (4040)$, $\psi (4160)$, and $\psi (4415)$ mesons in hadronic matter

Abstract

We present the first study of production of $\psi (4040)$, $\psi (4160)$, and $\psi (4415)$ mesons in hadronic matter. Quark interchange between two colliding charmed mesons leads to the production of the three mesons. We calculate unpolarized cross sections for the reactions, $D\bar{D}\to \rho R$, $D{\bar{D}}^{\ast }\to \pi R$, $D{\bar{D}}^{\ast }\to \rho R$, $D^{\ast }\bar{D}\to \pi R$, $D^{\ast }\bar{D}\to \rho R$, $D^{\ast }{\bar{D}}^{\ast }\to \pi R$, and $D^{\ast }{\bar{D}}^{\ast }\to \rho R$, where $R$ stands for $\psi (4040)$, $\psi (4160)$, and $\psi (4415)$. In the temperature region covering hadronic matter the peak cross sections of producing $\psi (4040)$ are similar to or larger than the ones of producing $\psi (4415)$, and the latter are generally larger than those of producing $\psi (4160)$. With the cross sections we establish new master rate equations for $\psi (4040)$, $\psi (4160)$, and $\psi (4415)$. The equations are solved for central Pb-Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}=5.02$ TeV at the Large Hadron Collider. Solutions of the equations show that the $\psi (4040)$ number density at kinetic freeze-out of hadronic matter is larger than the $\psi (4415)$ number density which is larger than the $\psi (4160)$ number density.

Comments: 50 pages, 21 figures, 5 tables; discussions added