Statistical uncertainties of the $v_n\{2k\}$ harmonics from Q-cumulants

Abstract

Analytic formulas to calculate statistical uncertainties of $v_n\{2k\}$ harmonics extracted from the Q-cumulants are presented. The Q-cumulants are multivariate polynomial functions of the weighted means of $2m$-particle azimuthal correlations, $\text{llangle}2m\text{rrangle}$. Variances and covariances of the $\text{llangle}2m\text{rrangle}$ are included in the analytic formulas of the uncertainties that can be calculated simultaneously with the calculations of the $v_n\{2k\}$ harmonics. The calculations are performed using a simple toy model which roughly simulates elliptic flow azimuthal anisotropy with magnitudes around 0.05. The results are compared with the results obtained by the many data sub-sets, and by the bootstrapping method. The first one is a common way of estimation of the statistical uncertainties of the $v_n\{2k\}$ harmonics in a real experiment. In order to increase precision in the measurement of the $v_n\{2k\}$ harmonics, a large number of 15000 sub-sets and the same number of the re-sampling in the bootstrap method is used. A very good agreement in the comparison with the proposed way of the analytic calculation of the $v_n\{2k\}$ statistical uncertainties is found. Additionally, a recurrence equation for Q-cumulants calculation is also presented.

Comments: 8 pages, 9 figures