A lower bound on the maximum mass if the secondary in GW190814 was once a rapidly spinning neutron star

Abstract

The recent detection of GW190814 featured the merger of a binary with a primary having a mass of $\sim 23M_{\odot }$ and a secondary with a mass of $\sim 2.6M_{\odot }$. While the primary was most likely a black hole, the secondary could be interpreted as either the lightest black hole or the most massive neutron star ever observed, but also as the indication of a novel class of exotic compact objects. We here argue that the secondary in GW190814 needs not be an ab-initio black hole nor an exotic object; rather, based on our current understanding of the nuclear-matter equation of state, it can be a rapidly rotating neutron star that collapsed to a rotating black hole at some point before merger. Using universal relations connecting the masses and spins of uniformly rotating neutron stars, we estimate the spin, $0.49\lesssim \chi \lesssim 0.68$, of the secondary -- a quantity not constrained so far by the detection -- and a novel strict lower bound on the maximum mass, $M_{\mathrm{TOV}}>2.08_{-0.04}^{+0.04}{M}_{\odot }$, of nonrotating neutron stars, consistent with recent observations of a very massive pulsar. The new lower bound also remains valid even in the less likely scenario in which the secondary neutron star never collapsed to a black hole.

Comments: 6 pages, 3 figures, Improved presentation and added new figure; results remain unchanged. Accepted by MNRAS Lett