Partial restoration of spin-isospin SU(4) Symmetry and the One-QRPA method in Double Beta Decay

Abstract

The one-QRPA method is used to describe simultaneously both double decay beta modes, giving special attention to the partial restoration of spin-isospin SU(4) symmetry. To implement this restoration and to fix the model parameters, we resort to the energetics of Gamow-Teller resonances and to the minima of the single ${\beta }^{+}$-decay strengths. This makes the theory predictive regarding the $\beta {\beta }_{2\nu }$-decay, producing the $2\nu$ moments in ${}^{48}$Ca, ${}^{76}$Ge, ${}^{82}$Se, ${}^{96}$Zr, ${}^{100}$Mo, ${}^{128,130}$Te, and ${}^{150}$Nd, that are of the same order of magnitude as the experimental ones; however, the agreement with $\beta {\beta }_{2\nu }$ data is only modest. To include contributions coming from induced nuclear weak currents, we extend the $\beta {\beta }_{0\nu }$-decay formalism employed previously in C. Barbero et. al, Nuc. Phys. A628, 170 (1998). The numerical results for the $\beta {\beta }_{0\nu }$ moments in the above mentioned nuclei are similar to those obtained in other theoretical studies although smaller on averag by $\sim 40\%$. We attribute this difference basically to the one-QRPA-method, employed here for the first time, instead of the currently used two-QRPA-method. The difference is partially due to the way of carrying out the restoration of the spin-isospin symmetry. It is hard to say which is the best way to make the restoration, since the $\beta {\beta }_{0\nu }$ moments are not experimentally measurable. The numerical uncertainties in the $\beta \beta$ moments, related with i) their strong dependence on the residual interaction in the p-p channel when evaluated within the QRPA, and ii) lack of proper knowledge of single-particle energies, have been quantified. It is concluded that the partial restoration of the SU (4) symmetry is crucial in the description of the $\beta \beta$-decays, regardless of the nuclear model used.

Comments: 18 pages, 4 figures, accepted for publication in Physical Review C