Towards an improved understanding of $\eta \to {\gamma }^{\ast }{\gamma }^{\ast }$

Abstract

We argue that high-quality data on the reaction $e^{+}{e}^{-}\to {\pi }^{+}{\pi }^{-}\eta$ will allow one to determine the doubly-virtual form factor $\eta \to {\gamma }^{\ast }{\gamma }^{\ast }$ in a model-independent way with controlled accuracy. This is an important step towards a reliable evaluation of the hadronic light-by-light scattering contribution to the anomalous magnetic moment of the muon. When analyzing the existing data for $e^{+}{e}^{-}\to {\pi }^{+}{\pi }^{-}\eta$ for total energies squared $k^2>1{\text{GeV}}^2$, we demonstrate that the effect of the $a_2$ meson provides a natural breaking mechanism for the commonly employed factorization ansatz in the doubly-virtual form factor $F_{\eta {\gamma }^{\ast }{\gamma }^{\ast }}(q^2,k^2)$. However, better data are needed to draw firm conclusions.

Comments: 15 pages, 10 figures; v2: major revision - author list extended, treatment of the left-hand cut corrected, discussion and references updated; v3: version published in EPJC