Octupole deformation for Ba isotopes in a reflection-asymmetric relativistic mean-field approach

Abstract

The potential energy surfaces of even-even ${}^{142-156}$Ba are investigated in the constrained reflection-asymmetric relativistic mean-field approach with parameter set PK1. It is shown that for the ground states, ${}^{142}$Ba is near spherical,${}^{156}$Ba well quadrupole-deformed, and in between ${}^{144-154}$Ba octupole deformed. In particular, the nuclei ${}^{148,150}$Ba with $N=92,94$ have the largest octupole deformations. By including the octupole degree of freedom, energy gaps $N=88$, $N=94$ and $Z=56$ near Fermi surfaces for the single-particle levels in ${}^{148}$Ba with ${\beta }_2\sim 0.26$ and ${\beta }_3\sim 0.17$ are found. Furthermore, the performance of the octupole deformation driving pairs ($\nu 2f_{7/2}$, $\nu 1i_{13/2}$) and ($\pi 2d_{5/2}$, $\pi 1h_{11/2}$) is demonstrated by analyzing the single-particle levels near Fermi surfaces in ${}^{148}$Ba.

Comments: 7 pages, 3 figures, 3 tables