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Nuclear Theory·nucl-th

Wednesday·March 18, 2026

10 papers—5 primary·5 cross-listed

All10Primary5Cross-lists5
  1. 01

    Baryon fluctuation signatures of the onset of deconfinement

    Marek Gazdzicki🇵🇱 · Mark Gorenstein🇺🇦 · Anar Rustamov🇩🇪

    An anomalous collision-energy dependence of proton number fluctuations is predicted as a consequence of the onset of deconfinement in heavy-ion collisions at the center of mass energy of the nucleon pair of about 10 GeV. The effect arises from changes in the effective degrees of freedom between confined and deconfined matter. This may provide a natural explanation of the recent beam-energy-scan results on proton number fluctuations at the BNL RHIC and offers a consistent interpretation of data from the CERN SPS and RHIC experiments in terms of the onset of deconfinement.

    nucl-thhep-phnucl-ex0 citations
  2. 02

    Scaled transverse-momentum spectra as a probe of collective dynamics in heavy-ion collisions

    Thiago S. Domingues · Matthew Luzum

    We investigate a scaling property of transverse-momentum spectra in ultrarelativistic heavy-ion collisions obtained by removing the global scales of multiplicity and mean transverse momentum. The resulting dimensionless observable isolates the intrinsic shape of the spectrum and reveals an approximate universality across collision centralities, systems, and energies. Hydrodynamic simulations reproduce this scaling on an event-by-event basis, indicating that it may originate from the collective dynamics of the quark-gluon plasma. Using Gaussian-process emulators trained on the JETSCAPE hybrid model, we perform a Bayesian analysis incorporating the scaled spectra as observables. The results demonstrate that the spectral shape provides independent constraints on key properties of the medium, including pre-equilibrium dynamics and initial-state granularity, while exposing tensions with parameter regions preferred by traditional -integrated observables. We further explore an analogous scaling of transverse-mass spectra and observe a comparable universality across centralities and hadron species. These results suggest that scaled spectra provide a powerful new probe of collective dynamics and offer complementary constraints for the quantitative characterization of QCD matter created in heavy-ion collisions.

    nucl-thhep-phhep-th1 citation
  3. 03

    Sensitivity of neutron star observables to microscopic nuclear parameters of realistic equations of state

    Nikolas Cruz-Camacho🇺🇸 · Carlos Conde-Ocazionez🇺🇸 · Veronica Dexheimer🇺🇸 · Jacquelyn Noronha-Hostler🇺🇸 · Nicolás Yunes🇺🇸

    The equation of state of matter at supranuclear densities governs the astrophysical observables of neutron stars. A realistic, though complex, description is provided by the Chiral-Mean-Field model, which depends on many microscopic nuclear-physics parameters. We present a Fisher-information-inspired analysis of the sensitivity of neutron-star observables to the parameters of the Chiral-Mean-Field model at -equilibrium using SLy as a crust. We then compute neutron-star sequences and extract masses, radii, compactnesses, and tidal deformabilities. From the logarithmic derivatives of these observables with respect to each nuclear parameter, we construct a dimensionless, Fisher-inspired sensitivity matrix and perform a principal-component analysis to identify the effective combinations of nuclear parameters that most strongly affect neutron-star observables. Although the ranking depends mildly on the observable, the three most important nuclear parameters are the vacuum value of the dilaton field (which sets the overall scale of the scalar potential and trace-anomaly contribution), the scalar singlet strength (which controls the overall scalar attraction through the baryon effective masses), and the quadratic scalar term (which governs the curvature of the scalar potential). This framework provides a reproducible, data-driven approach to quantify parameter sensitivities in dense-matter models and to guide future Bayesian inference of nuclear information from multi-messenger astrophysical observations.

    nucl-thastro-ph.HEgr-qchep-ph2 citations
  4. 04

    Prediction of Alpha-Decay Half-Lives of Actinide Nuclei Using the DDM3Y Effective Interaction Potential

    N.Sowmya · H.C.Manjunatha · Roshini.K.N · R.S.Susheela

    The prediction of nuclear half-lives is vital for understanding nuclear stability with significant applications in astrophysics, nuclear energy, and medical physics. This study investigates the -decay half-lives of 154 actinide nuclei in the atomic number range using the Density-Dependent M3Y (DDM3Y) effective interaction potential. The theoretical framework utilizes a double-folding model where the densities of the -particle and the daughter nucleus are folded to derive the nuclear interaction potential.Theoretical half-lives were calculated using the WKB approximation and compared against experimental data and established semi-empirical models, including the Viola-Seaborg (VSS), CPPM, GLDM, and ELDM frameworks. The DDM3Y model demonstrates a systematically improved agreement with experimental half-lives across the actinide series, effectively capturing the inverse correlation between -values and decay times. Statistical analysis yielded a standard deviation of 1.76, confirming the reliability of this approach for predicting the stability and decay properties of heavy and new isotopes.

    nucl-th0 citations
  5. 05

    Nuclear pasta in hot neutron-star matter and proto-neutron stars

    Jian Zhou · Junbo Pang · Hong Shen · Jinniu Hu

    We investigate nuclear pasta phases appearing in hot neutron-star matter based on the compressible liquid-drop model, where the matter consists of a dense liquid phase and a dilute gas phase separated by a sharp interface. The surface tension is calculated self-consistently from the Thomas-Fermi approximation, and it depends on temperature and isospin asymmetry. We employ relativistic mean-field models with different symmetry energy slopes to describe nuclear interactions. It is found that the TM1e model with a small symmetry energy slope of MeV predicts various pasta shapes at low temperatures, while the TM1 model with MeV yields only the droplet configuration up to the crust-core transition density. We examine the occurrence and influence of pasta phases in proto-neutron stars with a constant entropy per baryon. These pasta phases may occur in the inner crust with a thickness of about km, playing an important role in the thermal evolution of the star.

    nucl-thastro-ph.HE0 citations

Affiliations

first authorsco-authorsvia INSPIRE