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Nuclear Theory·nucl-th

Monday·March 9, 2026

8 papers—3 primary·5 cross-listed

All8Primary3Cross-lists5
  1. 04

    Study of Collective Phenomena in Heavy-Ion Collisions Using CMS Open Data

    Allan E. F. G. Ferreira🇧🇷 · Cesar A. Bernardes🇧🇷

    In this work, we present preliminary results from a measurement of the recently proposed observable, , in lead-lead (PbPb) collisions at , using public data from the CMS Open Data portal. This observable is directly sensitive to radial flow and characterizes the transverse momentum () dependence of radial flow fluctuations, serving as probe of collective phenomena in the quark-gluon plasma (QGP) formed in heavy-ion collisions. Consistently with the ATLAS results at , we observe the three key features of collective radial flow: long-range correlations in pseudorapidity (), a centrality-independent shape as a function of , and factorization in . The results presented in this work are generally compatible, within uncertainties, with the ATLAS measurements at reported in Phys. Rev. Lett. 136, 032301 (2026).

    ↳ nucl-exhep-exnucl-th0 citations
  2. 05

    A Lattice QCD study of scattering in continuum and chiral limits

    Hang Liu🇨🇳 · Liuming Liu🇨🇳 · Jin-Xin Tan🇨🇳 · Wei Wang🇨🇳 · Haobo Yan🇨🇳 · Qian-Teng Zhu🇨🇳

    We present a first systematic study of proton- (-) scattering from lattice QCD, using seven sets of -flavor lattice ensembles with pion masses spanning 135-317 MeV and three lattice spacings with fm. Using Lüscher's finite-volume method, effective range expansion and chiral/continuum extrapolations, we obtain the inverse of scattering length and effective range for the channel as 0.177(83) GeV and 2.9(1.4) fm, and for the channel as 0.016(76) GeV and 1.8(1.1) fm. From the derived S-wave phase shifts, we provide an estimate of the scattering cross section. Our results for scattering length, effective range and cross sections are in good agreement with available experimental measurements. We also find that the system sustains attractive interactions. These results provide critical input for the unification of nuclear force theories and the construction of neutron star equations of state.

    ↳ hep-lathep-exhep-phnucl-ex+12 citations
  3. 06

    Lattice QCD constraints on pion electroproduction off a nucleon

    Yu Zhuge🇨🇳 · Zhan-Wei Liu🇨🇳 · Derek B. Leinweber🇦🇺 · Anthony W. Thomas🇦🇺

    Very recently, a lattice QCD collaboration has explored threshold pion electroproduction near the physical pion mass and has simulated the relevant multipole amplitudes. Different multipole amplitudes are usually entangled in experimental data, and thus extracting each of them independently from first principles provides additional essential constraints on phenomenological theories. We use nonperturbative Hamiltonian theory to investigate the electroproduction process, providing an advanced approach with additional two-particle coupled channels to acquire the physical electric dipole amplitudes from the original lattice QCD data. We note that future lattice QCD simulations of the electric dipole amplitudes at higher energies will be much closer to their physical counterparts than the current ones near threshold. In addition, we obtain a new expression which, like that of Lellouch-Lüscher, depends only on the final-state interactions but provides both the real and imaginary parts of the transition amplitudes.

    ↳ hep-phhep-latnucl-th0 citations
  4. 07

    Survival of ultraheavy nuclei in astrophysical sources: applications to protomagnetar outflows

    Nick Ekanger · Mukul Bhattacharya · Kohta Murase · Shunsaku Horiuchi

    Outflows of rapidly rotating protomagnetars have been considered as attractive sites for the synthesis of nuclei heavier than iron, but the question remains whether these nuclei are able to survive against photodisintegration as they make their way out of their formation environments. In this work, we present new analytic fitting formulae for the photodisintegration cross sections applicable to heavy nuclei beyond iron. We confirm that the results from the TALYS simulations are consistent with the theory of the giant dipole resonance, and apply the obtained new formulae to investigate whether ultraheavy nuclei entrained in protomagnetar outflows can be disintegrated by thermal and nonthermal photons before leaving the stellar envelope. We explore two outflow models: a spherical wind model and a jetted outflow model. For nuclei accelerated to the bulk speed of these outflows, their survival depends on the model and engine properties. For spherical winds, nuclei may survive for the first post-core collapse, but as the wind Lorentz factor increases, the photodisintegration optical depth sharply rises and nuclei may no longer survive. For the jetted outflows arising from progenitors surrounded with stellar envelopes, nuclei can only survive before the jet breakout time in cases where the central engine has low spin-down energy, that is, with a low magnetic field strength and longer spin period. In progenitors with more extended envelopes, the jet break out time is much longer, allowing for nonthermal photons to readily photodisintegrate nuclei in high spin-down energy cases. These results also have implications for the capabilities of protomagnetars to source ultra-high energy cosmic ray nuclei.

    ↳ astro-ph.HEhep-phnucl-th2 citations
  5. 08

    Chiral-Maxwell Cavity EFT: Photon Condensation and Quantum-Optics Limits

    Fabrizio Canfora🇨🇱 · Mauricio Ipinza🇨🇱 · Simon Riquelme🇨🇱

    We develop an analytic, fully field-theoretic description of how a hadronic medium can induce photon condensation in a cavity. Starting from leading-order Chiral Perturbation Theory minimally coupled to Maxwell theory, we construct a consistent truncation to the lowest hadronic and gauge modes that still supports a non-vanishing baryon (topological) density. The resulting reduced dynamics is an effective \(1+1\) theory whose couplings retain memory of the three-dimensional cavity through discrete winding and transverse holonomy data. Integrating out the heavy hadronic mode at one loop yields a gauge-invariant effective potential for the lowest photonic cavity mode, from which we derive analytic criteria for a condensed window. In the opposite hierarchy, integrating out the gauge mode produces a one-loop deformation of a sine--Gordon-type EFT for the chiral mode and makes explicit where scale separation fails and the full coupled system must be kept. Upon quantization, the reduced theory maps onto standard nonlinear quantum-optics Hamiltonians, including a two-photon Rabi limit and quartic single-mode photonic models whose trivial and condensed branches obey distinct selection rules. This provides a concrete bridge between finite-density hadronic physics and experimentally familiar nonlinear-cavity diagnostics.

    ↳ hep-thhep-phnucl-th0 citations

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first authorsco-authorsvia INSPIRE