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Nuclear Theory·nucl-th

Wednesday·January 14, 2026

10 papers—5 primary·5 cross-listed

All10Primary5Cross-lists5
  1. 06

    [Submitted on 4 Jul 2023] (cross-list from cond-mat.str-el)

    Graphene is neither Relativistic nor Non-Relativistic case: Thermodynamics Aspects

    Thandar Zaw Win · Cho Win Aung · Gaurav Khandal · Sabyasachi Ghosh

    Discovery of electron hydrodynamics in graphene system has opened a new scope of analytic calculations in condensed matter physics, which was traditionally well cultivated in science and engineering as a non-relativistic hydrodynamics and in high energy nuclear and astro physics as relativistic hydrodynamics. Electrons in graphene follow neither non-relativistic nor relativistic hydrodynamics and thermodynamics. Present article has gone through systematic microscopic calculations of thermodynamical quantities like pressure, energy density, etc. of electron-fluid in graphene and compared with corresponding estimations for non-relativistic and ultra-relativistic cases. Identifying the Dirac fluid and Fermi liquid domains, we have sketched the transition of temperature and Fermi energy dependency of electron thermodynamics for graphene and other cases. An equivalent transition for quark matter is also discussed. The most exciting part is the general expression of specific heat, whose Fermi to Dirac fluid domain transition can be realized as a transition from a solid-based to a fluid-based picture. This understanding may be connected to the experimentally observed Wiedemann-Franz Law violation in the Dirac fluid domain of graphene system.

    Comments:
    16 pages, 13 figures
    Subjects:
    Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el); Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall); Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech); Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
    arXiv:
    2307.05395 [pdf]
    Pramana (2025)·4 citations
  2. 07

    [Submitted on 12 Jan 2026] (cross-list from gr-qc)

    General gravitational properties of neutron stars: curvature invariants, binding energy, and trace anomaly

    Iván Garibay🇩🇪 · Christian Ecker🇩🇪 · Luciano Rezzolla🇩🇪

    We investigate the behavior of curvature invariants for a large ensemble of neutron stars built with equations of state (EOSs) that satisfy constraints from nuclear theory and perturbative QCD, as well as measurements of neutron-star masses, radii, and gravitational waves from binary neutron-star mergers. Surprisingly, our analysis reveals that stars with negative Ricci scalar are rather common and about of our EOSs produce one or more stars with Ricci curvature that is negative somewhere inside the star. The negative curvature is found mostly but not exclusively at the highest densities and pressures, and predominantly for stiff EOSs and for the most compact and most massive stars. Furthermore, we improve the quasi-universal relation between the stellar gravitational mass and the baryonic mass , which allows us to express analytically one in terms of the other with a maximum variance of only . Finally, using the relation between the Ricci scalar and the trace anomaly , we determine the conditions under which vanishes or becomes negative in neutron stars.

    Comments:
    10 pages, 8 figures, matches published version
    Subjects:
    General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc); High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE); Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
    arXiv:
    2601.07931 [pdf]
    PRD(2026)·4 citations
  3. 08

    [Submitted on 12 Jan 2026] (cross-list from hep-ph)

    Insights into Meson and Baryon Structure using Continuum Schwinger Function Methods

    Daniele Binosi🇮🇹 · Craig D. Roberts🇨🇳 · Zhao-Qian Yao🇩🇪

    The bulk of visible mass is supposed to emerge from nonperturbative dynamics within quantum chromodynamics (QCD). Following years of development and refinement, continuum and lattice Schwinger function methods have recently joined in revealing the three pillars that support this emergent hadron mass (EHM); namely, a nonzero gluon mass-scale, a process-independent effective charge, and dressed-quarks with running masses that take constituent-like values at infrared momenta. One may argue that EHM and confinement are inextricably linked; and theory is now working to expose their manifold expressions in hadron observables and highlight the types of measurements that can be made in order to validate the paradigm. This contribution sketches these ideas via the unified explanation of pion and proton electromagnetic and gravitational form factors.

    Comments:
    10 pages, 6 figures. Summary of a Plenary Presentation at the 2025 International Conference on the Structure of Baryons (Baryons 2025), International Convention Center, Jeju Island, South Korea, 2025 November 10 - 14
    Subjects:
    High Energy Physics — Phenomenology (hep-ph); High Energy Physics — Experiment (hep-ex); High Energy Physics — Lattice (hep-lat); Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex); Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
    arXiv:
    2601.08046 [pdf]
    J.Subatomic Part.Cosmol.(2026)·1 citation
  4. 09

    [Submitted on 13 Jan 2026] (cross-list from hep-ph)

    Lattice-based equation of state with a critical point from constant entropy contours and its comparison to effective QCD approaches

    Hitansh Shah🇺🇸 · Mauricio Hippert🇧🇷 · Jorge Noronha🇺🇸 · Claudia Ratti🇺🇸 · Volodymyr Vovchenko🇺🇸

    In this work, we systematically assess the performance of a new method from [H. Shah et al., Phys. Rev. C 113, L012201] for locating the QCD critical point using constant-entropy contours by testing it against various effective QCD approaches. We demonstrate that, while the method yields spurious critical points in purely hadronic models (HRG) due to non-parabolic contour behavior at low temperatures ( MeV), it accurately reproduces the CP location in frameworks that feature a genuine phase transition and benchmarked against lattice QCD, such as Holographic Einstein-Maxwell-Dilaton, and Functional QCD approaches. Building on our previous determination of constant entropy contours using lattice data, we extend that analysis to construct a complete Lattice-based Equation of State (EoS) at finite density, which features a critical point at MeV. By integrating the extrapolated entropy density with respect to temperature, we reconstruct the pressure, baryon density, susceptibility, and speed of sound in the critical region, and analyze the focusing behavior of isentropic trajectories in the vicinity of the critical point.

    Comments:
    19 pages, 13 figures
    Subjects:
    High Energy Physics — Phenomenology (hep-ph); Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
    arXiv:
    2601.08823 [pdf]
    PRD(2026)·3 citations
  5. 10

    [Submitted on 13 Jan 2026] (cross-list from hep-ph)

    The Quantum Complexity of String Breaking in the Schwinger Model

    Sebastian Grieninger🇺🇸 · Martin J. Savage🇺🇸 · Nikita A. Zemlevskiy🇺🇸

    String breaking, the process by which flux tubes fragment into hadronic states, is a hallmark of confinement in strongly-interacting quantum field theories. A suite of quantum complexity measures is examined using Matrix Product States to characterize the string breaking process in the 1+1D Schwinger model. We demonstrate the presence of nonlocal quantum correlations along the string that may affect fragmentation dynamics, and show that entanglement and magic offer complementary perspectives on string formation and breaking beyond conventional observables.

    Comments:
    16 pages, 14 figures, comments welcome
    Subjects:
    High Energy Physics — Phenomenology (hep-ph); High Energy Physics — Lattice (hep-lat); High Energy Physics — Theory (hep-th); Nuclear Theory (nucl-th); Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
    arXiv:
    2601.08825 [pdf]
    19 citations

Affiliations

first authorsco-authorsvia INSPIRE