Nuclear Theory·nucl-th

Thursday·December 18, 2025

8 papers—2 primary·6 cross-listed

03
The entangling power of non-entangling channels
Julien Pinske · Jan Sperling · Klaus Mølmer
There are processes that cannot generate entanglement but may, nevertheless, amplify entanglement already present in a system. Here, we show that a non-entangling operation can increase the Schmidt number of a quantum state only if it can generate entanglement with some non-zero probability. This is in stark contrast to the case where the parties of a quantum network are only able to control their joint state by local operations and classical communication (LOCC). There, being able to apply operations probabilistically (stochastic LOCC) does not increase the Schmidt number. Our findings show that certain non-entangling operations become entangling when selecting on specific measurement outcomes. This naturally leads us to the class of stochastically non-entangling maps, being those that cannot generate entanglement even probabilistically. Intrigued by this finding, we devise a Schmidt number for quantum channels that quantifies whether a channel can generate entanglement probabilistically. Moreover, we show that a channel is non-entangling if and only if its dual map is witness-preserving -- it takes entanglement witnesses to witnesses. Based on this finding, we derive Bell-like inequalities whose violation signals that a process generates entanglement.
↳ quant-phnucl-thPRA(2026)·2 citations
04
Three-dimensional imaging of hadrons with hard exclusive reactions: advances in experiment, theory, phenomenology, and lattice QCD
M. Boër🇺🇸 · A. Camsonne🇺🇸 · M. Constantinou🇺🇸 · H.S. Jo🇰🇷 · K. Joo🇺🇸 · K. Semenov-Tian-Shansky🇰🇷 · H.-D. Son🇰🇷 · P. Sznajder🇵🇱 · C. Van Hulse🇪🇸 · E. Voutier🇫🇷 · J. Wagner🇵🇱 · A. Afanasev🇺🇸 and 28 other authors
Generalized Parton Distributions (GPDs) have emerged as a powerful framework for exploring the internal structure of hadrons in terms of their partonic constituents. Over the past three decades, the field has witnessed significant theoretical and experimental advancements. The interpretation of GPDs in impact parameter space offers a vivid three-dimensional visualization of hadron structure, correlating longitudinal momentum and transverse spatial distributions, thereby enabling tomographic imaging of hadrons. Furthermore, the link between GPDs and the matrix elements of the QCD energy-momentum tensor provides access to fundamental properties of hadrons, including spin decomposition and internal pressure distributions. Notably, recent analyses of Deeply Virtual Compton Scattering (DVCS) data have enabled the empirical extraction of the quark pressure profile inside the proton. Motivated by the rapidly evolving experimental landscape, this white paper provides a timely and focused overview of recent developments in GPD theory, phenomenology, and lattice QCD studies. Its scope is shaped by the needs and opportunities of forthcoming experimental programs, and it highlights advances that are particularly relevant for the next generation of dedicated measurements, including the extended Jefferson Lab 12 GeV program and its potential 22 GeV upgrade, J-PARC, COMPASS/AMBER, LHC ultra-peripheral collisions, and the future electron-ion colliders EIC and EicC.
↳ hep-phhep-exhep-latnucl-ex+114 citations
05
Crossover or First-Order: Impacts of Regularization
Xin-Peng Li🇨🇳 · Hao-Ran Zhang🇨🇳 · Zhu-Fang Cui🇨🇳 · Thomas Klähn🇺🇸
The equation of state of hot, dense nuclear matter plays a fundamental role in many areas. However, owing to the nonperturbative nature of strong interactions, a reliable treatment is still under debate. We use a symmetry-preserving treatment of a vector\, $\otimes$ \,vector contact interaction to study related issues at nonzero temperature or quark chemical potential, and carefully compare a noncovariant and a covariant regularization scheme. The numerical results show that the character of the phase transition depends sensitively on the regularization scheme and parameter choices.
↳ hep-phnucl-th1 citation
06
The domain of soft hadrons in transverse momentum space in high energy collisions
Jun Song🇨🇳 · Hai-hong Li🇨🇳 · Feng-lan Shao🇨🇳
By studying experimental data for invariant transverse momentum distribution $f (p_{T})$ of hadrons in high energy $pp$ , $p$ A and AA collisions, we find two characteristic $p_{T}$ points relating to the behavior of $[ln f (p_{T})]^{^{''}}$ , i.e., the second derivative of the logarithm of hadronic $p_{T}$ spectrum with respect to $p_{T}$ . One point is $p_{0}$ at which $[ln f (p_{T})]^{^{''}}$ is zero and another point is $p_{1}$ at which $[ln f (p_{T})]^{^{''}}$ reaches maximum. \bz{The hadronic distribution can be classified into three kinetic regions, i.e., soft region $0 < p_{T} < p_{0}$ dominated by hadrons from soft parton system, hard region $p_{T} > p_{1}$ dominated by hadrons from high energy partonic jet, and the transition region $p_{0} < p_{T} < p_{1}$ of above two sources of hadron production.} Using rich data of hadronic $p_{T}$ spectra at RHIC and LHC, we carry out a systematical analysis for $p_{0}$ and $p_{1}$ of kaon, $K^{*}$ , $ϕ$ and baryons such as $p$ , $Λ$ , $Ξ$ , $Ω$ in $pp$ , $p$ -Pb and heavy-ion collisions, and show their dependence on hadron species, collision energy, collision centrality and/or charged-particle multiplicity. We also study the correlation between $p_{0}$ of hadrons and their average transverse momentum $⟨ p_{T} ⟩$ , and find a difference between $p_{0}$ - $⟨ p_{T} ⟩$ correlation of baryons and that of mesons which can be understood by quark combination mechanism at hadronization. The systematic comparison for $p_{0}$ - $⟨ p_{T} ⟩$ correlation of kaon, $ϕ$ , $p$ and $Λ$ in $pp$ , $p$ -Pb, Pb-Pb and Au+Au collisions at RHIC and LHC energies indicates that $p_{0}$ is a sensitive physical quantity of reflecting the production property of soft hadrons in high energy collisions.
↳ hep-phnucl-thPRD(2025)·1 citation
07
Statistical repulsion on hyperons in two-color dense QCD
Masato Nagatsuka🇯🇵 · Toru Kojo🇯🇵
We investigate the onset of hyperons in baryonic (diquark) matter in two-color QCD (QC $_{2}$ D) by introducing heavy quark doublets that emulate strange quarks. An even number of flavors is required to avoid the sign problem in lattice Monte Carlo simulations. To explore QC $_{2}$ D matter containing both light and heavy quarks, we construct a model in which quarks interact with light-light, light-heavy (hyperonic), and heavy-heavy diquarks via Yukawa couplings. As the quark chemical potential increases, the light diquarks condense first and form baryonic matter, and this onset density can be understood in hadronic terms. In contrast, the onset density of hyperons is substantially higher than that estimated from the hadronic sector of the model. This shift reflects an effective repulsion among baryons induced by the pre-occupied light quarks. The Pauli blocking of light quarks suppresses the attractive diquark correlations responsible, in vacuum, for making hyperons lighter than the sum of the constituent light and heavy quark masses. Implications for three-color QCD are also briefly discussed.
↳ hep-phhep-latnucl-thPRD(2026)·3 citations
08
Triplet of kindred prompt-2p emitters in mass-8 proton-rich nuclei
R.J. Charity · G.H. Sargsyan · K.D. Launey · T.B. Webb · K.W. Brown · L.G. Sobotka
A triplet of kindred prompt-2p emitters in A=8 nuclei has been demonstrated. Two of these are the ground state of 8C and its isobaric analog state in 8B, both of which are analogs of the halo or thick-skinned nucleus 8He. The third member is the recently found fourth 1+ state in 8B. This new 8B state at E*=8.4 MeV was observed to decay to the ground state of 6Li by 2p emission. Momentum correlations between the decay products indicate that it is not a sequential 2p decay through a 7Be intermediate state, but indicative of prompt 2p emission with correlations similar to those of the other members of the triplet. Ab initio calculations with the symmetry-adapted nocore shell model indicate that these three states have very similar spatial wavefunctions, but with nucleons coupling to different spins, isospins, and isospin projections. The triplet of 2p emitters all have oblate shapes and by stripping two protons equatorially, decay to states which have prolate shapes.
↳ nucl-exnucl-th1 citation

Affiliations

first authorsco-authorsvia INSPIRE

The entangling power of non-entangling channels

Three-dimensional imaging of hadrons with hard exclusive reactions: advances in experiment, theory, phenomenology, and lattice QCD

Crossover or First-Order: Impacts of Regularization

The domain of soft hadrons in transverse momentum space in high energy collisions

Statistical repulsion on hyperons in two-color dense QCD

Triplet of kindred prompt-2p emitters in mass-8 proton-rich nuclei

Affiliations