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Nuclear Theory·nucl-th

Monday·December 1, 2025

19 papers—7 primary·12 cross-listed

All19Primary7Cross-lists12
  1. 01

    [Submitted on 27 Nov 2025]

    Symmetry energy in dilute matter and the neutron skin

    Panagiota Papakonstantinou

    Energy density functional (EDF) theory provides a unified framework for the description of nuclei and of infinite nuclear matter. In principle, it facilitates direct connections between nuclear data and the nuclear equation of state (EoS). Although in practice traditional nuclear EDF theory has strained to describe finite nuclei and infinite systems at the same time, recently developed extended EDF models overcome many of the limitations of traditional models in that respect. A recent challenge to EDF and EoS studies has come entirely from within nuclear structure, namely how to account both for the relatively thin neutron skin in 48Ca as extracted by the CREX experiment and the relatively thick neutron skin of 208Pb exctracted by the PREX-II experiment. The discrepancy suggests a surface and structure effect. The present study shows that the puzzle can be resolved in a non-relativistic framework by revisiting the nuclear surface tension and diffuseness, as driven in part by the EoS in dilute matter well below the saturation point and in part by the isovector gradient terms and spin-orbit potential. Such effects have no bearing on the EoS near and above saturation.

    Comments:
    4 pages incl. 4 figures and a table; contribution to the Proceedings of the International Nuclear Physics Conference 2025, Daejeon, South Korea, May 2025
    Subjects:
    Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
    arXiv:
    2511.22110 [pdf]
    EPJ Web Conf.(2026)·1 citation
  2. 02

    [Submitted on 27 Nov 2025]

    Study of and states in even-even No isotopes

    M.A. Mardyban · V.O. Nesterenko

    Low-lying and isomeric states in even-even isotopes No are explored within the Quasiparticle Random-Phase Approximation (QRPA) method with Skyrme parametrization SLy4. The deformations, single-particle (s-p) spectra and pairing in the isotopes are inspected. The calculations predict a pronounced minimum in the neutron pairing at =252, 254, which significantly affects the properties of and states and leads to a correlation of their spectra. It is shown that isomers are basically low-energy two-quasiparticle (2qp) states. The appearance or absence of these isomers in No is explained as a combined effect of the s-p spectra and pairing. The collective states are predicted in all the isotopes as the lowest multipole non-rotational excitations. These states are interpreted as a superposition of pairing vibrations and -vibrations. The results are in a reasonable agreement with available experimental data for No.

    Comments:
    4 pages, 3 figures, 3 tables. Submitted to proceedings of INPC-2025
    Subjects:
    Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
    arXiv:
    2511.22227 [pdf]
    EPJ Web Conf.(2026)·0 citations
  3. 03

    [Submitted on 27 Nov 2025]

    Relations between three-particle interactions in nuclear matter to observable quantities

    Wolfgang Bentz · Ian C. Cloët

    In the first part of this paper, we use the framework of the Fermi liquid theory to derive model-independent relations between the slope parameters of the symmetry energy and of the incompressibility in nuclear matter to three-particle interaction parameters. Based on these relations, we present simple estimates and compare with the empirical information. In the second part, we discuss the general structure of the three-particle scattering amplitude in nuclear matter, and use methods similar to the Bethe-Brueckner-Goldstone theory to show how three-particle cluster diagrams emerge naturally in the Fermi liquid theory.

    Comments:
    Akito Arima Memorial Volume, p. 11-25; Editors: Thomas T S Kuo, Takaharu Otsuka, KK Phua, James Vary; World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd., Singapore (Copyright 2026)
    Subjects:
    Nuclear Theory (nucl-th); Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
    arXiv:
    2511.22772 [pdf]
    0 citations
  4. 04

    [Submitted on 28 Nov 2025]

    NuclearConfectionery: Multi-stage Simulation Framework for Modeling Relativistic Heavy-ion Collisions

    Kevin P. Pala · Surkhab Kaur Virk · Dekrayat Almaalol · Isabella Danhoni · Nanxi Yao · Isaac Long · Willian Serenone · Jordi Salinas San Martín · Alayna A. Yared · Christopher Plumberg · Fernando Gardim · Jacquelyn Noronha-Hostler

    We present the NuclearConfectionery, a modular framework for simulating the full dynamical evolution of relativistic heavy-ion collisions. Its core hydrodynamic module, CCAKE 2.0, represents a major advance over previous SPH-based relativistic hydrodynamic codes. CCAKE 2.0 simultaneously evolves energy-momentum and multiple conserved charges (B, S, Q) with a four-dimensional equation of state, and can be run in either Cartesian or hyperbolic coordinates, enabling consistent simulations from the RHIC Beam Energy Scan to LHC energies. We have implemented a particlization module that supports global BSQ charge conservation on the freeze-out surface; the resulting hadron ensemble is then propagated through a hadronic transport afterburner. A source term is included in the equations of motion to couple jets to the fluid, allowing simultaneous bulk and hard-probe evolution or, alternatively, for stopped baryons at low beam energies. The framework offers flexible choices of equations of motion (Israel-Stewart, DNMR, ADNH) and transport coefficients, along with GPU-ready performance via Kokkos/Cabana, offline equation of state inversion for 4D tables, and containerized portability. We validate the code with semi-analytical benchmarks (including BSQ Gubser and Landau-Khalatnikov solutions) and extensive convergence studies. The NuclearConfectionery provides a user-friendly, high-performance, open-source tool for event-by-event simulations across collision energies, offering flexibility to study QCD matter at both vanishing and finite densities.

    Comments:
    111 Pages, 35 figures
    Subjects:
    Nuclear Theory (nucl-th); High Energy Physics — Phenomenology (hep-ph); Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
    arXiv:
    2511.22852 [pdf]
    2 citations
  5. 05

    [Submitted on 28 Nov 2025]

    Constraining of Nuclear Matter Equations of State With Rotating Neutron Stars

    Hyukjin Kwon · Kazuyuki Sekizawa

    Neutron stars can be regarded as natural laboratories that enable us to investigate nuclear matter properties under extreme conditions that are otherwise impossible to access in terrestrial experiments. Astrophysical observations of neutron stars provide invaluable information on existing nuclear interaction models and equations of state (EoSs) at various densities. Most studies of neutron star structure employ the Tolman-Oppenheimer-Volkoff (TOV) equation which describes spherically symmetric, non-rotating stars in hydrostatic equilibrium. However, since neutron stars rotate fast, they could experience significant centrifugal deformation, and axially-symmetric calculations are required for accurate description of internal structure. The Komatsu-Eriguchi-Hachisu (KEH) method is well known for modeling rapidly-rotating compact objects in a fully general relativistic manner. In this contribution, we report results of KEH calculations for rapidly-rotating neutron stars using EoSs based on Gogny-type finite-range effective nucleon-nucleon interactions. Our results show that the mass-radius relation systematically changes with increasing angular velocity, highlighting the importance of including rotational effects when confronting theoretical EoSs with observational data.

    Comments:
    4 pages, 2 figures, Proceedings of the 29th International Nuclear Physics Conference (INPC2025), Daejeon, Korea, May 25-30, 2025
    Subjects:
    Nuclear Theory (nucl-th); High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE); General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
    arXiv:
    2511.22894 [pdf]
    EPJ Web Conf.(2026)·0 citations
  6. 06

    [Submitted on 28 Nov 2025]

    Accuracy, asymptotes, and applications of the Born approximations to the calculation of the Mott scattering cross section, the primary atomic displacement cross section, and the energy-loss straggling

    A. Arkhutsik · P. Kats · O. Voskresenskaya

    The first, second and third Born approximations of the Mott scattering cross section are considered. The relative error of all three Born approximations averaged by angles and energies is calculated for the first 30 elements of the Mendeleev periodic table of elements and also of the second and third-Born approximation for the first hundred elements of the Mendeleev table. The accuracy of the second and third Born approximations for calculating the normalized Mott scattering cross section are compared on the wide range of nuclei of elments. The accuracy of the Born approximations for calculating the Mott correction in the Bethe-Bloch formula for for the second Born approximation and the third approximation is analyzed. An expression is obtained for the cross section of the primary displacement of the atom in the third Born approximation. For iron, silver and lead, the cross section of the primary displacement of the atom for a number of electron energies is calculated. For a number of examples, it is calculated starting from the electron energy. The difference of the cross section is obtained by the asymptotic formula from by the McKinley-Feshbach formula, it will be less than one percent. Accuracy of the Born approximations for calculating energy-loss straggling is analyzed.

    Comments:
    34 pages, 15 figures, 15 tables
    Subjects:
    Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
    arXiv:
    2511.23145 [pdf]
    0 citations
  7. 07

    [Submitted on 28 Nov 2025]

    Universal imprinting of short-range correlations in relativistic heavy-ion collisions

    Pei Li🇨🇳 · Kai-Jia Sun🇨🇳 · Bo Zhou🇨🇳 · Guo-Liang Ma🇨🇳

    Protons and neutrons within atomic nuclei undergo intense and fleeting encounters driven by the strong force at short distances. These interactions generate close-proximity pairs, a phenomenon known as short-range correlations (SRCs). While the properties of SRCs have been extensively studied in cold nuclear matter, their behavior under extremely hot and dense conditions remains largely unexplored. Here, we incorporate correlated nucleon configurations into relativistic heavy-ion collisions, using the quark-gluon plasma (QGP), a state of matter present microseconds after the Big Bang, as a sensitive diagnostic tool. We find that these correlations induce substantial modifications to event-by-event geometry, which are quantitatively identified through higher-order moments of the transverse profile. Most importantly, we find a surprising linear relation between QGP geometry fluctuations and the SRC scale factor spanning systems from deuteron to lead, which reflects the universal imprinting of SRCs in relativistic heavy-ion collisions. Our findings reveal the emergence of short-range structural effects across vastly different energy scales from low-energy electron scattering to high-energy nuclear collisions.

    Comments:
    14+3 pages, 3+3 figures
    Subjects:
    Nuclear Theory (nucl-th); High Energy Physics — Phenomenology (hep-ph); Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
    arXiv:
    2511.23293 [pdf]
    5 citations

Affiliations

first authorsco-authorsvia INSPIRE