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Nuclear Theory·nucl-th

Friday·November 7, 2025

8 papers—4 primary·4 cross-listed

All8Primary4Cross-lists4
  1. 01

    [Submitted on 6 Nov 2025]

    Predictions of baryon directed flow in heavy-ion collisions at high baryon density

    Yuri B. Ivanov🇷🇺

    Predictions of the proton directed flow () in semicentral Au+Au collisions in the energy range between 4.5 and 7.7 GeV are done. The calculations are performed within the model of three-fluid dynamics with crossover equation of state, which well reproduces the proton both below 4.5 GeV and above 7.7 GeV, as well as bulk observables in the energy range of interest. It is predicted that the proton flow evolves non-monotonously. At the energy of 7.2 GeV it exhibits antiflow (i.e. negative slope of ) in the midrapidity. At 7.7 GeV, the flow returns to the normal pattern in accordance with the STAR data. The midrapidity -slope excitation functions within the first-order phase and crossover transitions to quark-gluon phase (QGP) turn out to be qualitatively similar, but the amplitude of the wiggle in the crossover scenario is much smaller than that in the strong first-order phase transition. Therefore, the change of sign followed by minimum at 7.2 GeV in the -slope excitation function indicates onset of (weak phase or crossover) transition to QGP. The second change of the sign around 10 GeV results from interplay between incomplete baryon stopping and transverse expansion of the system.

    Comments:
    9 pages, 9 figures, version published in Phys.Rev.C
    Subjects:
    Nuclear Theory (nucl-th); High Energy Physics — Phenomenology (hep-ph); Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
    arXiv:
    2511.04204 [pdf]
    PRC(2026)·1 citation
  2. 02

    [Submitted on 6 Nov 2025]

    Chiral-scale effective field theory for dense and thermal systems

    Jia-Ying Xiong🇨🇳 · Yao Ma🇨🇳 · Bing-Kai Sheng🇨🇳 · Yong-Liang Ma🇨🇳

    We established a new power counting scheme, chiral-scale density counting (CSDC) rules, for the application of the chiral-scale effective field theory to nuclear matter at finite densities and temperatures. Within this framework, the free fermion gas is at the leading order, while one-boson-exchange interactions appear at the next-to-leading order, and the multi-meson couplings are at higher orders. Then, we applied the CSDC rules to study the nuclear matter properties, and estimated the valid regions of the CSDC rules. It was found that the zero temperature symmetric nuclear matter properties around saturation density and the critical temperature of liquid-gas phase transition can be captured by an appropriate choice of CSDC orders, and the results beyond these regions are align with the chiral nuclear force. Moreover, the evolution of scale symmetry was found to be consistent with previous studies. The results of this work indicate that the quantum corrections may be crucial in the studies of nuclear matter in a wide density region.

    Comments:
    Version published in PRD
    Subjects:
    Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
    arXiv:
    2511.04353 [pdf]
    PRD(2026)·4 citations
  3. 03

    [Submitted on 6 Nov 2025]

    The size of the quark-gluon plasma in ultracentral collisions: impact of initial density fluctuations on the average transverse momentum

    Fabian Zhou🇩🇪 · Giuliano Giacalone🇨🇭 · Jean-Yves Ollitrault🇫🇷

    Recent experiments have shown that the mean transverse momentum of outgoing particles increases as a function of the particle multiplicity in ultracentral nucleus-nucleus collisions at collider energies. This increase was originally predicted on the basis of simulations where the multiplicity increase occurred at constant volume, so that it implied a larger density and temperature. However, recent state-of-the-art simulations have shown that, for some models of initial condition, the volume may vary with the multiplicity in ultracentral collisions. We elucidate this effect by analytically relating the variation of the volume to the radial distribution of the one- and two-point functions of the fluctuating density field. We show that the volume variation is small if the total entropy of the ultracentral collisions scales with the mass number of the colliding isotopes. We argue that probing detailed transverse distributions of initial-state fluctuations through the ultracentral has nontrivial implications for models of nuclear structure and of the pre-equilibrium stages.

    Comments:
    11 pages, 7 figures
    Subjects:
    Nuclear Theory (nucl-th); High Energy Physics — Phenomenology (hep-ph); Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
    arXiv:
    2511.04605 [pdf]
    PRC(2026)·4 citations
  4. 04

    [Submitted on 6 Nov 2025]

    Electromagnetic and Exotic Moments in Nuclear DFT

    J. Dobaczewski · B.C. Backes · R.P. de Groote · A. Restrepo-Giraldo · X. Sun · H. Wibowo

    Electromagnetic interactions serve as essential probes for studying and testing our understanding of the atomic nucleus, as they reveal emergent properties across the nuclear chart. We analyse their corresponding observables, which relate to charge and current distributions in nuclei expressed through their multipole components. We focus on theoretical results obtained within nuclear density functional theory (DFT) to derive self-consistent, symmetry-restored nuclear wave functions along with their spectroscopic multipole moments. We demonstrate how these compare with experimental data. We also discuss potential improvements in the formulation of magnetic dipole operators by including two-body meson-exchange contributions. Discussions of exotic symmetry-breaking moments emphasise their importance for understanding fine details of fundamental nuclear interactions. Detailed derivations are provided in the accompanying Supplemental Material.

    Comments:
    45 pages, 7 figures, includes Supplemental Material, magnetic octupole moments corrected, to appear in Annual Review of Nuclear and Particle Science
    Subjects:
    Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
    arXiv:
    2511.04632 [pdf]
    4 citations

Affiliations

first authorsco-authorsvia INSPIRE