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Nuclear Theory·nucl-th

Thursday·November 6, 2025

12 papers—7 primary·5 cross-listed

All12Primary7Cross-lists5
  1. 08

    Classical shadows for sample-efficient measurements of gauge-invariant observables

    Jacob Bringewatt🇺🇸 · Henry Froland🇺🇸 · Andreas Elben🇺🇸 · Niklas Mueller🇺🇸

    Classical shadows provide a versatile framework for estimating many properties of quantum states from repeated, randomly chosen measurements without requiring full quantum state tomography. When prior information is available, such as knowledge of symmetries of states and operators, this knowledge can be exploited to significantly improve sample efficiency. In this work, we develop three classical shadow protocols for lattice gauge theory, where a dual formulation enables a rigorous analysis of resource requirements, including both circuit depth and sample complexity. Our approaches can offer exponential improvements in sample complexity over symmetry-agnostic methods, albeit at the cost of increased circuit complexity. While our analysis is restricted to lattice gauge theory, our approach offers a blueprint for similar protocols for more general lattice gauge theory models which are currently at the forefront of quantum simulation efforts.

    ↳ quant-phcond-mat.stat-mechhep-latnucl-thQuantum(2026)·4 citations
  2. 09

    Studying the thermoelectric properties of an anisotropic QGP medium

    Shubhalaxmi Rath🇨🇱 · Nicolás A. Neill🇨🇱

    We have studied how the thermoelectric properties of the quark-gluon plasma (QGP) are affected by a weak-momentum anisotropy arising from the asymptotic expansion of matter in the initial stages of ultrarelativistic heavy-ion collisions. The highly energetic medium produced in such collisions exhibits a notable temperature difference between its central and peripheral regions. This temperature gradient induces an electric field whose magnitude per unit temperature gradient, in the limit of vanishing electric current, defines the Seebeck coefficient of the medium. We have calculated the Seebeck coefficient for both individual quark flavors and the entire QGP medium in the presence of expansion-induced anisotropy by solving the relativistic Boltzmann transport equation in the relaxation time approximation within the kinetic theory framework. The partonic interactions are incorporated through their effective thermal masses within the quasiparticle model for an anisotropic QGP medium. We have observed that the magnitude of the Seebeck coefficient for each quark flavor as well as for the entire QGP medium increases in the presence of expansion-induced anisotropy, indicating a stronger induced electric field in the anisotropic medium compared to the isotropic case. Given that an increase in the Seebeck coefficient may lead to observable signatures such as charge asymmetries in particle distributions and to modifications in the transport behavior of the QGP, these results may provide useful input for future phenomenological studies investigating the internal structure and phase properties of the QGP in heavy-ion collisions.

    ↳ hep-phhep-thnucl-thPRD(2026)·4 citations
  3. 10

    Updated flexible global parametrization of generalized parton distributions from elastic and deep inelastic inclusive scattering data

    Zaki Panjsheeri🇺🇸 · Douglas Q. Adams🇺🇸 · Adil Khawaja🇺🇸 · Saraswati Pandey🇺🇸 · Kemal Tezgin🇺🇸 · Simonetta Liuti🇺🇸

    An updated flexible parametrization of the generalized parton distributions in the quark, antiquark and gluon sectors is presented using constraints from high precision electron nucleon deep inelastic scattering data, as well as from the , quark and gluonic contributions to the nucleon electromagnetic elastic form factors. The latter include recently updated lattice QCD moment calculations. The generalized parton distributions in the vector sector are and . We rigorously constrain the partonic components, , , , , and , and the analogous quantities for , with proper uncertainty quantification. These distributions obey leading order perturbative QCD evolution equations in . Parametric forms at the initial scale, , for both quarks and gluon distributions are presented as a function of the relevant kinematic variables, namely, the parton momentum fraction, , the skewness, , and the invariant, . We also present the Compton form factors entering the deeply virtual Compton scattering process in the kinematic regimes for both fixed target and electron-ion collider settings.

    ↳ hep-phnucl-th6 citations
  4. 11

    ENDF/B-VIII.1: Updated Nuclear Reaction Data Library for Science and Applications

    G.P.A. Nobre🇺🇸 · R. Capote🇦🇹 · M.T. Pigni🇺🇸 · A. Trkov🇸🇮 · C.M. Mattoon🇺🇸 · D. Neudecker🇺🇸 · D.A. Brown🇺🇸 · M.B. Chadwick🇺🇸 · A.C. Kahler🇺🇸 · N.A. Kleedtke🇺🇸 · M. Zerkle🇺🇸 · A.I. Hawari🇺🇸 and 97 other authors

    The ENDF/B-VIII.1 library is the newest recommended evaluated nuclear data file by the Cross Section Evaluation Working Group (CSEWG) for use in nuclear science and technology applications, and incorporates advances made in the six years since the release of ENDF/B-VIII.0. Among key advances made are that the Pu file was reevaluated by a joint international effort and that updated O, F, Si, Cr, Mn, Fe, Cu, La, U, and Pu neutron nuclear data from the IAEA coordinated INDEN collaboration were adopted. Over 60 neutron dosimetry cross sections were adopted from the IAEA's IRDFF-II library. In addition, the new library includes significant changes for He, Li,Be, V, Sr, Rh, Ce, Dy, Ta, Pt, Pb, and U neutron data, and new nuclear data for the photonuclear, charged-particle and atomic sublibraries. Numerous thermal neutron scattering kernels were reevaluated or provided for the very first time. On the covariance side, work was undertaken to introduce better uncertainty quantification standards and testing for nuclear data covariances. The significant effort to reevaluate important nuclides has reduced bias in the simulations of many integral experiments with particular progress noted for fluorine, copper, and stainless steel containing benchmarks. Data issues hindered the successful deployment of the previous ENDF/B-VIII.0 for commercial nuclear power applications in high burnup situations. These issues were addressed by improving the U and Pu evaluated data in the resonance region. The new library performance as a function of burnup is similar to the reference ENDF/B-VII.1 library. The ENDF/B-VIII.1 data are available in ENDF-6 and GNDS format at https://doi.org/10.11578/endf/2571019.

    ↳ physics.app-phnucl-exnucl-thNuclear Data Sheets Volume 210, May 2026,…·10 citations
  5. 12

    Is The Trace Anomaly at its Minimum Value at Neutron Star Centers?

    Bao-Jun Cai🇨🇳 · Bao-An Li🇺🇸 · Yu-Gang Ma🇨🇳

    While the equation of state (EOS) of neutron star (NS) matter has been extensively studied, the EOS-parameter or equivalently the dimensionless trace anomaly , which quantifies the balance between pressure and energy density , remains far less explored, especially in NS cores. Its bounds and density profile carry crucial information about the nature of superdense matter. Physically, the EOS-parameter represents the mean stiffness of matter accumulated from the stellar surface up to a given density. Based on the intrinsic structure of the Tolman--Oppenheimer--Volkoff equations, we show that decreases monotonically outward from the NS center, independent of any specific input NS EOS model. Furthermore, observational evidence of a peak in the speed-of-sound squared (SSS) density-profile near the center effectively rules out a valley and a subsequent peak in the radial profile of at similar densities, reinforcing its monotonic decrease. These model-independent relations impose strong constraints on the near-center behavior of the EOS-parameter , particularly demonstrating that the mean stiffness (or equivalently ) reaches a local maximum (minimum) at the center.

    ↳ astro-ph.HEhep-phhep-thnucl-ex+1PRD(2026)·5 citations

Affiliations

first authorsco-authorsvia INSPIRE