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Nuclear Theory·nucl-th

Thursday·October 2, 2025

10 papers—6 primary·4 cross-listed

All10Primary6Cross-lists4
  1. 07

    [Submitted on 30 Sept 2025] (cross-list from hep-ph)

    Chiral effects and Joule heating in hot and dense matter

    Srimoyee Sen🇺🇸 · Varun Vaidya🇺🇸

    Initial states of dense matter with nonzero electron chiral imbalance could potentially give rise to strong magnetic fields through chiral plasma instability. Previous work indicated that unless chiral chemical potential is as large as the electron vector chemical potential, the growth of magnetic fields due to the instability is washed out by chirality flipping rate enabled by electron mass. We re-examine this claim in a broader range of parameters and find that at higher temperatures the hierarchy is reversed supporting a growing magnetic field for an initial electron chiral chemical potential much smaller than the electron vector chemical potential. Further, we identify a qualitatively new effect relevant for magnetized hot and dense medium where chiral magnetic effect (CME) sourced by density fluctuation acts as a powerful source of Joule heating. Remarkably, even modest chiral chemical potentials (keV) in such environment can deposit energy densities set by the QCD scale in a relatively short time of the order of a few milliseconds or seconds. We speculate how this mechanism makes CME-driven Joule heating a potentially critical ingredient in the dynamics of turbulent density fluctuation of supernovae and neutron star mergers.

    Comments:
    Matches published version
    Subjects:
    High Energy Physics — Phenomenology (hep-ph); High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE); Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
    arXiv:
    2510.00114 [pdf]
    PRD(2026)·2 citations
  2. 08

    [Submitted on 30 Sept 2025] (cross-list from hep-ph)

    Scaling properties of nuclear parton distributions in short-range-correlation motivated two-component parametrization

    Petja Paakkinen🇫🇮

    We provide some critical remarks on the recently proposed two-component parametrization of nuclear parton distribution functions, which was motivated by the apparent correlation between the nuclear modifications of structure functions and nucleon-nucleon short-range correlation phenomena. This parametrization, we show, is invariant under a rescaling transformation of the involved abundance coefficients, which means that the global normalization of these coefficients cannot be meaningfully determined in a fit, and only their ratios should be studied for finding evidence of short-range-correlation type behavior at parton level. As we show, however, the current constraints for the nuclear-mass dependence of these coefficients allow also for interpretations different from short-range correlations. Nevertheless, this two-component parametrization exhibits a similar scaling relation for DIS structure functions as demonstrated in earlier works, and, as we demonstrate, yields testable predictions for structure-function and hard-process cross-section ratios. We also note on the non-trivial isospin dependence of the short-range-correlation motivated parametrization, which under proton-neutron pair dominance assumption can lead to charge-symmetry-violation resembling terms.

    Comments:
    An updated version based on received comments, 10 pages, 1 figure
    Subjects:
    High Energy Physics — Phenomenology (hep-ph); Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
    arXiv:
    2510.00252 [pdf]
    PRD(2026)·4 citations
  3. 09

    [Submitted on 1 Oct 2025] (cross-list from hep-ph)

    Gluon Condensation as a Unifying Mechanism for Special Spectra of Cosmic Gamma Rays and Low-Momentum Pion Enhancement at the Large Hadron Collider

    Wei Zhu🇨🇳 · Jianhong Ruan🇨🇳 · Xurong Chen🇨🇳 · Yuchen Tang🇨🇳

    Decoding the internal structure of the proton is a fundamental challenge in physics. Historically, any new discovery about the proton has fuelled advances in several scientific fields. We have reported that gluons inside the proton accumulate near the critical momentum due to chaotic phenomena, forming gluon condensation. Surprisingly, the pion distribution predicted by this gluon distribution for the production of high-energy proton collisions could answer two puzzles in astronomy and high-energy physics. We find that during ultrahigh-energy cosmic ray collisions, gluon condensation may abruptly produce a large number of low-momentum pions, whose electromagnetic decays have the typical breakout properties appearing in various cosmic gamma-ray spectra. On the other hand, the Large Hadron Collider (LHC), which is well below the cosmic ray energy scale, also shows weak but recognisable signs of gluon condensation, which had been mistaken for BEC pions. The connection between these two phenomena, which occur at different scales in the Universe, supports the existence of a new structure within the proton-gluon condensation.

    Comments:
    25 pages, 5 figures, minor mistakes corrected
    Subjects:
    High Energy Physics — Phenomenology (hep-ph); High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE); nlin.CD (nlin.CD); Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
    arXiv:
    2510.00847 [pdf]
    Symmetry(2025)·0 citations
  4. 10

    [Submitted on 1 Oct 2025] (cross-list from hep-ph)

    Nonperturbative fluctuation effects of charged bosonic fields: A quark-diquark model study at nonzero density

    Jonas Stoll🇩🇪 · Niklas Zorbach🇩🇪 · Jens Braun🇩🇪

    We study the renormalization group flow of the scale-dependent effective potential of a quark-diquark model with full field dependence at nonzero chemical potential. This includes a discussion of approximations in relation to complex bosonic fields and the Silver-Blaze property. The resulting flow equation for the scale-dependent effective potential can in principle be solved down to the infrared limit. For our quark-diquark model, which may serve as a low-energy model for dense strong-interaction matter, we find that a competition between the Bardeen-Cooper-Schrieffer singularity and bosonic fluctuations can trigger a first-order phase transition at low temperatures that turns into a second-order phase transition at a tricritical point as the temperature increases.

    Comments:
    19 pages, 7 figures, 1 table
    Subjects:
    High Energy Physics — Phenomenology (hep-ph); Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con); Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
    arXiv:
    2510.01066 [pdf]
    7 citations

Affiliations

first authorsco-authorsvia INSPIRE