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Nuclear Theory·nucl-th

Friday·September 5, 2025

10 papers—7 primary·3 cross-listed

All10Primary7Cross-lists3
  1. 01

    [Submitted on 3 Sept 2025]

    From CREX to CEvNS: The Weak Radius of 40Ar

    J. Piekarewicz🇺🇸

    Despite significant theoretical efforts, the CREX-PREX dilemma remains unresolved, preventing the reliable prediction of neutron (or weak-charge) radii that, besides their intrinsic nuclear-structure interest, often serve to quantify the impact of nuclear uncertainties in searches for new physics. Coherent elastic neutrino-nucleus scattering is a clean and attractive portal to new physics whose sensitivity may be impacted by such nuclear uncertainties. In this paper we use CREX as our main anchor, together with a strong calcium-argon correlation, to provide a robust baseline for the weak radius of Ar: .The weak radius of argon is an observable highly relevant to ongoing and future liquid-argon campaigns that encodes the loss of coherence at small momentum transfers.

    Comments:
    8 pages and 6 figures
    Subjects:
    Nuclear Theory (nucl-th); High Energy Physics — Experiment (hep-ex); High Energy Physics — Theory (hep-th); Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
    arXiv:
    2509.03645 [pdf]
    PRC(2025)·4 citations
  2. 02

    [Submitted on 3 Sept 2025]

    Light nuclei under magnetic field and the lithium problem

    Nodoka Yamanaka

    We analyze the effect of the magnetic field on the proton and neutron density distributions of the nuclei 2H, 3H, 3He, which are calculated ab initio, and the 6Li nucleus in the alpha-cluster model. It is found that the asymptotic exponential damp of the probability density at long distance is modified, and that the linear component of the exponent with respect to the magnetic field yields the leading contribution, while those of the second derivative and the confining magnetic force are subleading. Due to the linear dependence of the exponent, fluctuating magnetic fields always enhance the tunneling rate, i.e. the cross section of low energy nuclear reactions which occur at large separation across the Coulomb barrier. While this mechanism cannot suppress the production of 7Be in the early Universe, it has the potential to resolve the lithium problem either by increasing the reaction rate of 7Be + p -> 8B at the bigbang nucleosynthesis era if the magnetic field at this time was sufficiently strong, or by correcting the systematically enlarged 4He + 3He -> 7Be cross section by the unwanted magnetic field generated in the nuclear experimental setup, which was so far used as the input of the simulation of bigbang nucleosynthesis.

    Comments:
    9 pages, 4 figures
    Subjects:
    Nuclear Theory (nucl-th); Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO); High Energy Physics — Phenomenology (hep-ph); Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
    arXiv:
    2509.03684 [pdf]
    2 citations
  3. 03

    [Submitted on 4 Sept 2025]

    Mechanism of the quasi-elastic scattering based on the dinuclear system concept

    Zehong Liao · Yu Yang · Zepeng Gao · Jun Su · Long Zhu

    A unified description of full reaction channels in low-energy heavy-ion collisions is a great challenge. Although the theoretical models based on the dinuclear system (DNS) concept have been successfully employed in multinucleon transfer (MNT) reactions, the underestimation of the quasi-elastic (QE) channel results in unreliable description of few nucleon transfer, especially for the light reaction systems. In this work, the DNS-sysu model is improved by introducing the impact-parameter-dependent transition probabilities for a unified description of few nucleon and many nucleon transfer in MNT reactions. Extensive experimental data -- including reactions such as 40Ca, 58Ni, 64Ni, 136Xe, and 208Pb + 208Pb -- were compared with the model predictions. The calculated isotopic distributions, mass distributions, and charge distributions show good agreement with experimental measurements. The improved DNS-sysu model enables reasonable characterization and description of the QE/grazing collisions, notably resolving long-standing underestimation in the QE channel.

    Comments:
    8 pages, 5 figures
    Subjects:
    Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
    arXiv:
    2509.03778 [pdf]
    PRC(2025)·1 citation
  4. 04

    [Submitted on 4 Sept 2025]

    Exploring the fluid behavior in p+p collisions at with viscous anisotropic hydrodynamics

    Shujun Zhao🇨🇳 · Yiyang Peng🇨🇳 · Ulrich W. Heinz🇺🇸 · Huichao Song🇨🇳

    The applicability of hydrodynamics in small collision systems remains controversial due to the small size and short lifetime of the system. In this letter, we employ viscous anisotropic hydrodynamics (VAH), which incorporates large pressure anisotropies, to study the collectivity in p+p collisions at .VAH provides a good description for and over a wide range of multiplicities and correctly reproduces the experimentally observed negative . Traditional second-order viscous hydrodynamics (VH), on the other hand, can describe the measurements, in particular the negative , only with model parameters for which the bulk of the evolution is characterized by large values of the shear Knudsen number. It also can not capture the large longitudinal/transverse pressure anisotropy during the early evolution. These demonstrate the failure of traditional viscous hydrodynamics in small collision systems and establish viscous anisotropic hydrodynamics as a more reliable framework to describe the bulk evolution and the observed anisotropic flow in p-p collisions at the LHC.

    Comments:
    7 pages,3 figures
    Subjects:
    Nuclear Theory (nucl-th); High Energy Physics — Phenomenology (hep-ph); Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
    arXiv:
    2509.03841 [pdf]
    PRL(2026)·2 citations
  5. 05

    [Submitted on 4 Sept 2025]

    Neutrino absorption in two-flavor color-superconducting quark matter

    Mark G. Alford🇺🇸 · Liam Brodie🇺🇸 · Michael Buballa🇩🇪 · Hosein Gholami🇩🇪 · Alexander Haber🇺🇸 · Marco Hofmann🇺🇸

    We calculate the absorption mean free paths of electron and muon neutrinos in two-flavor color-superconducting (2SC) quark matter in the density and temperature range that is relevant to binary neutron star mergers. We model the strong interaction between quarks using a Nambu--Jona-Lasinio model, performing calculations self-consistently in the mean-field approximation. Since the 2SC gap is large we restrict our analysis to the contribution of unpaired quarks. We find that at low temperatures absorption by a down quark is kinematically not allowed, so absorption by a strange quark dominates the mean free path. As temperature or neutrino energy rises, the quark absorption channel becomes active, and the mean free path shrinks. We find that in equilibrated 2SC matter with an electron lepton fraction , the neutrinos form a degenerate gas with a mean free path of meters or less, independent of the temperature.

    Comments:
    14 pages, 10 figures, comments are welcome
    Subjects:
    Nuclear Theory (nucl-th); High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE); High Energy Physics — Phenomenology (hep-ph)
    arXiv:
    2509.04240 [pdf]
    12 citations
  6. 06

    [Submitted on 4 Sept 2025]

    Three models for charged hadron nuclear modification from light to heavy ions

    Wilke van der Schee🇨🇭 · Isobel Kolbé🇿🇦 · Govert Nijs🇨🇭 · Kumail Ruhani🇵🇰 · Ishtiaq Ahmed🇵🇰 · Shahin Iqbal🇵🇰

    In July 2025 the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) collided OO and NeNe isotopes in a quest to understand the physics of ultrarelativistic light ion collisions. One of the key motivations for this run is to discover partonic energy loss in systems with a small quark-gluon plasma (QGP). In this letter we combine a BDMPS-Z based model, a path-length based energy loss prescription, and JEWEL together with two realistic geometries of the O and Ne isotopes. The different sizes of the ions affect the energy loss in characteristically different ways depending on the model.

    Comments:
    6 pages, 5 figures, comments welcome
    Subjects:
    Nuclear Theory (nucl-th); High Energy Physics — Phenomenology (hep-ph); Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
    arXiv:
    2509.04299 [pdf]
    15 citations
  7. 07

    [Submitted on 4 Sept 2025]

    Extended applicability domain of viscous anisotropic hydrodynamics in (2+1)-D Bjorken flow with transverse expansion

    Yiyang Peng🇨🇳 · Victor E. Ambrus🇷🇴 · Clemens Werthmann🇧🇪 · Sören Schlichting🇩🇪 · Ulrich Heinz🇺🇸 · Huichao Song🇨🇳

    We perform (2+1)-D simulations of viscous anisotropic hydrodynamics (VAH) under boost-invariant and conformal conditions. Comparing both VAH and traditional viscous hydrodynamics with kinetic theory in the relaxation-time approximation as the underlying microscopic theory, we show that VAH provides a superior description of the evolution across a wide range of opacity, effectively extending the applicability of hydrodynamic modeling. Our results demonstrate VAH's potential for describing collective flow in small systems where traditional hydrodynamics faces challenges.

    Comments:
    11 pages pages, 4 figures
    Subjects:
    Nuclear Theory (nucl-th); High Energy Physics — Theory (hep-th)
    arXiv:
    2509.04431 [pdf]
    PRC(2026)·0 citations

Affiliations

first authorsco-authorsvia INSPIRE