Nuclear Theory·nucl-th

Monday·June 23, 2025

20 papers—6 primary·14 cross-listed

07
[Submitted on 17 Jun 2025] (cross-list from physics.ins-det)
Simulation studies of the isovector reorientation effect of deuteron scattering on heavy target
Baiting Tian · Boyuan Zhang · Dawei Si · Sheng Xiao · Yijie Wang · Tadaaki Isobe · Hideaki Otsu · Li Ou · Zhigang Xiao
The isovector reorientation (IVR) effect of deuteron scattering on heavy target provides a novel means to probe the nuclear isovector potential, which gives rise to the nuclear symmetry energy. The simulation studies on the experimental measurement of IVR effect using the SAMURAI terminal at RIKEN Nishina center have been performed to demonstrate the feasibility of the experiment. By introducing a well-designed polarimeter to detect the $p (d, d) p$ elastic scattering, monitoring of the tensor polarization of the deuteron beam can be implemented. The protons and neutrons produced by the breakup of polarized deuterons scattering off heavy targets are designed to be measured by proton drift chamber (PDC) combined with the SAMURAI magnet and NEBULA detector, respectively. The detector responses are simulated using Geant4 framework, where the events of the deuteron elastic breakup are generated by an Improved Quantum Molecular Dynamics model. The results of reconstructing the deuteron breakup events demonstrate the feasibility of detecting the IVR effect at SAMURAI with both longitudinal and transverse tensor polarized deuteron beams with a polarization degree of approximately 80\%.
Subjects:
Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det); Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex); Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
arXiv:
2506.15738 [pdf]
Radiat.Detect.Technol.Methods(2026)·0 citations
08
[Submitted on 19 Jun 2025] (cross-list from hep-ph)
Bound Deuteron-Antideuteron System (Deuteronium): Leading Radiative and Internal-Structure Corrections to Bound-State Energies
G. S. Adkins🇺🇸 · U. D. Jentschura🇺🇸
We evaluate the energy levels of the deuteronium bound system, which consists of a deuteron and an antideuteron, with a special emphasis on states with nonvanishing orbital angular momenta. The excited atomic bound states of deuteronium constitute probes for the understanding of higher-order quantum electrodynamic corrections for spin-1 particles in a bound system where the typical field strength of the binding Coulomb field (at a distance of the generalized Bohr radius) exceeds Schwinger's critical field strength. For states with nonvanishing angular momenta, effects due to the internal structure of the deuteron and virtual annihilation contributions are highly suppressed. Relevant transitions are found to be in a frequency range accessible by standard laser spectroscopic techniques. We evaluate the leading and next-to-leading energy corrections of orders alpha^3 m_d and alpha^4 m_d , where alpha is the fine-structure constant and m_d is the deuteron mass, and also investigate internal-structure corrections: hadronic vacuum polarization, finite-size effects, and strong-interaction corrections.
Comments:
21 pages
Subjects:
High Energy Physics — Phenomenology (hep-ph); Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
arXiv:
2506.15974 [pdf]
PRResearch(2025)·2 citations
09
[Submitted on 19 Jun 2025] (cross-list from astro-ph.HE)
Direct Inference of Nuclear Equation-of-State Parameters from Gravitational-Wave Observations
Brendan T. Reed🇺🇸 · Cassandra L. Armstrong🇺🇸 · Rahul Somasundaram🇺🇸 · Duncan A. Brown🇺🇸 · Collin Capano🇺🇸 · Soumi De🇺🇸 · Ingo Tews🇺🇸
The observation of neutron star mergers with gravitational waves (GWs) has provided a new method to constrain the dense-matter equation of state (EOS) and to better understand its nuclear physics. However, inferring nuclear microphysics from GW observations necessitates the sampling of EOS model parameters that serve as input for each EOS used during the GW data analysis. The sampling of the EOS parameters requires solving the Tolman-Oppenheimer-Volkoff (TOV) equations a large number of times -- a process that slows down each likelihood evaluation in the analysis on the order of a few seconds. Here, we employ emulators for the TOV equations built using multilayer perceptron neural networks to enable direct inference of nuclear EOS parameters from GW strain data. Our emulators allow us to rapidly solve the TOV equations, taking in EOS parameters and outputting the associated tidal deformability of a neutron star in only a few tens of milliseconds. We implement these emulators in \texttt{PyCBC} to directly infer the EOS parameters using the event GW170817, providing posteriors on these parameters informed solely by GWs. We benchmark these runs against analyses performed using the full TOV solver and find that the emulators achieve speed ups of nearly \emph{two orders of magnitude}, with negligible differences in the recovered posteriors. Additionally, we constrain the slope and curvature of the symmetry energy at the 90\% upper credible interval to be $L_{sym} ≲ 106$ MeV and $K_{sym} ≲ 26$ MeV.
Comments:
23 pages, 6 figures, 3 tables
Subjects:
High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE); Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
arXiv:
2506.15984 [pdf]
Class.Quant.Grav.(2026)·7 citations
10
[Submitted on 19 Jun 2025] (cross-list from hep-ph)
Extraction of jet-medium interaction details through jet substructure for inclusive and gamma-tagged jets
Y. Tachibana · C. Sirimanna · A. Majumder · A. Angerami · R. Arora · S. A. Bass · Y. Chen · R. Datta · L. Du · R. Ehlers · H. Elfner · R. J. Fries and 40 other authors
We present a comprehensive study of jet substructure modifications in high-energy heavy-ion collisions using both inclusive jets and $γ$ -tagged jets, based on a multi-stage jet evolution model within the Monte Carlo framework JETSCAPE. To investigate hard parton splittings inside jets, we focus on Soft Drop observables. Our results for the groomed splitting radius and groomed jet mass distributions of inclusive jets show a slight narrowing compared to proton-proton baselines. We demonstrate that this apparent narrowing is primarily a selection bias from energy loss, rather than a direct modification of the splitting structure, by analyzing $γ$ -tagged jets, where such bias is eliminated or significantly reduced. We also show that quark jets exhibit genuine modifications in their splitting structure, which is not seen in gluon jets. These effects are clearly visible in the substructure of $γ$ -tagged jets, which are dominated by quark jets, but are not apparent for inclusive jets. This demonstrates that $γ$ -tagged jets offer a powerful probe of medium-induced modifications to the hard splitting structure of jets.
Comments:
5 pages, 3 figures, Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Hard and Electromagnetic Probes of High-Energy Nuclear Collisions (Hard Probes 2024), September 22-27, 2024, Nagasaki, Japan
Subjects:
High Energy Physics — Phenomenology (hep-ph); Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
arXiv:
2506.15990 [pdf]
EPJ Web Conf.(2025)·1 citation
11
[Submitted on 19 Jun 2025] (cross-list from hep-ph)
Pion Valence Structure at Intermediate x in the Residual Field Approach
Joseph Maerovitz🇺🇸 · Christopher Leon🇺🇸 · Misak Sargsian🇺🇸
We calculate the valence parton distribution function~(PDF) of pion, within the theoretical approach based on spectral function representation of valence quarks in the pion. In this approach we assume that the soft partonic structure of pion is defined by the valence $q q ˉ$ cluster, consisting of current quarks, embedded in the residual field of the pion. The valence PDF is calculated using phenomenological Light-Front wave functions for the $q q ˉ$ cluster and the residual field. Our result indicates that the peak position of the x weighted valence PDF~(xPDF) depends on parameters characterizing the virtuality of the cluster and the mass of the residual system. Magnitudes of these parameters are obtained by fitting to the height and the peak position of empirical pion xPDF evaluated at starting $Q_{0}$ . They indicate that unlike the nucleon case, very little residual mass is needed to describe existing pion PDFs at intermediate x. They also indicate that the $q q ˉ$ -cluster is highly virtual and on average the interacting quark carries almost all of the momentum of the $q q ˉ$ cluster. This picture is consistent with the dominance of the Feynman mechanism leaving little room for the hard component in the PDF, and practically describing $\sim (1 - x)$ behavior observed recently at $x \to 1$ limit. Our non-trivial observation is that the height and the peak position of xPDF define the analytic behavior of valence PDF at $x \to 1$ limit.
Comments:
FIU-NuPar2025-2: 21 pages, 3 figures (revised version)
Subjects:
High Energy Physics — Phenomenology (hep-ph); Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
arXiv:
2506.15995 [pdf]
1 citation
12
[Submitted on 19 Jun 2025] (cross-list from hep-lat)
Bayesian Analysis and Analytic Continuation of Scattering Amplitudes from Lattice QCD
Miguel Salg🇨🇭 · Fernando Romero-López🇨🇭 · William I. Jay🇺🇸
We present a novel procedure for analyzing the lattice-QCD spectrum via the finite-volume formalism to obtain constraints on multi-hadron scattering amplitudes at both real and complex energies. This approach combines a Bayesian reconstruction of the scattering amplitude on the real axis with Nevanlinna interpolation for analytic continuation to complex-valued energies. The method is non-parametric, inherently accounting for parametrization dependence within the uncertainty. We demonstrate the applicability of this approach using both toy data and real lattice-QCD data in resonant systems from the HadSpec and BaSc collaborations.
Comments:
26 pages, 15 figures, 3 tables; version accepted for publication in PRD
Subjects:
High Energy Physics — Lattice (hep-lat); High Energy Physics — Phenomenology (hep-ph); Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
arXiv:
2506.16161 [pdf]
PRD(2025)·12 citations
13
[Submitted on 19 Jun 2025] (cross-list from hep-th)
The Carrollian Kaleidoscope
Arjun Bagchi🇮🇳 · Aritra Banerjee🇮🇳 · Prateksh Dhivakar🇨🇦 · Saikat Mondal🇮🇳 · Ashish Shukla🇮🇳
The Carroll group arises in the vanishing speed of light limit of the Poincaré group and was initially discarded as just a mathematical curiosity. However, recent developments have proved otherwise. Carroll and conformal Carroll symmetries are now ubiquitous, appearing in diverse physical phenomena starting from condensed matter physics to quantum gravity. This review aims to provide the reader a gateway into this fast-developing field. After an introduction and setting the stage with basics of the symmetry in question, we detail the construction of Carrollian and Carrollian Conformal field theories (CCFT). We then focus on applications. By far the most popular of these applications is in the context of the construction of holography in asymptotically flat spacetimes (AFS) in terms of a co-dimension one dual CCFT. We review the early work on AFS $_{3}$ /CCFT $_{2}$ before delving into an in-depth analysis for the construction of the dual to 4D AFS. Two other important sets of applications are in hydrodynamics and in condensed matter physics, which we discuss in detail. Carroll hydrodynamics is introduced as the $c \to 0$ limit of relativistic hydrodynamics first and then reconstructed from a symmetry based approach. Relations to ultrarelativistic flows and connections to the quark-gluon plasma are discussed with concrete examples of the Bjorken and Gubser flow models. In condensed matter applications, we cover connections to fractons, flat bands, and phase separation in Luttinger liquid models. To conclude, we give very brief outlines of other topics of interest including string theory and black hole horizons.
Comments:
Invited review for EPJC, 222 pages with several figures; v2: 224 pages, added comments and references; v3: 226 pages, minor edits, added a reference, version published in EPJC
Subjects:
High Energy Physics — Theory (hep-th); Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el); General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc); Mathematical Physics (math-ph); math.MP (math.MP); Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
arXiv:
2506.16164 [pdf]
EPJC(2026)·95 citations
14
[Submitted on 19 Jun 2025] (cross-list from hep-th)
Holographic Baryons as Quantum Hall Droplets
Francesco Bigazzi🇮🇹 · Aldo Lorenzo Cotrone🇮🇹 · Andrea Olzi🇮🇹 · Jean-Loup Raymond🇮🇹
We provide a first-principle construction of baryons as quantum Hall droplets in single-flavor holographic QCD. The baryons are described as charged D6-branes with a circular boundary on a flavor D8-brane in the Type IIA backgrounds dual to the confining and non-confining phases. The holographic description allows us to calculate precisely their properties, such as mass and size. We also consider other objects with baryonic charge, such as vortons, domain walls with holes, and "sandwich vortons", and discuss the relative (meta)stability of all these configurations.
Comments:
61 pages
Subjects:
High Energy Physics — Theory (hep-th); High Energy Physics — Phenomenology (hep-ph); Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
arXiv:
2506.16205 [pdf]
JHEP(2026)·3 citations
15
[Submitted on 19 Jun 2025] (cross-list from hep-ph)
Effects of hadronic reinteraction on jet fragmentation from small to large systems
Hendrik Roch🇺🇸 · Aaron Angerami · Ritu Arora · Steffen Bass · Yi Chen · Ritoban Datta · Lipei Du · Raymond Ehlers · Hannah Elfner · Rainer J. Fries · Charles Gale · Yayun He and 40 other authors
We investigate the impact of the hadronic phase on jet quenching in nuclear collider experiments, an open question in heavy-ion physics. Previous studies in a simplified setup suggest that hadronic interactions could have significant effects, but a systematic analysis is needed. Using the X-SCAPE event generator with the SMASH afterburner, we study the role of hadronic rescattering on jet fragmentation hadrons. Applying this framework to $e^{+} + e^{-}$ collisions, we demonstrate that even in small systems with limited particle production, hadronic interactions lead to measurable modifications in final-state hadronic and jet observables by comparing scenarios with and without afterburner rescattering.
Comments:
6 pages, 3 figures, conference proceedings for Hard Probes 2024
Subjects:
High Energy Physics — Phenomenology (hep-ph); Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
arXiv:
2506.16344 [pdf]
EPJ Web Conf.(2025)·2 citations
16
[Submitted on 19 Jun 2025] (cross-list from nucl-ex)
Role of nuclear and electromagnetic fragmentation in the charge-changing reactions of 18O on carbon and lead targets at around 370 MeV/nucleon
J.R. Liu · B.-H. Sun · J.W. Zhao · G. Guo · G.S. Li · Z.Z. Li · Y.F. Niu · I. Tanihata · S. Terashima · F. Wang · M. Wang · X.L. Wei and 18 other authors
Charge-changing cross sections (CCCSs) of 18O on carbon (C) and lead (Pb) targets have been measured with an uncertainty of less than 4% at around 370MeV/nucleon. We evaluate the contributions of nucleon-nucleon (NN) and electromagnetic (EM) interactions to CCCSs by considering the direct proton removal process, the charged particle evaporation (CPE) after neutron removal, and the EM excitation. We conclude that the CPE accounts for 12.3% and 5% of CCCSs on C and Pb, respectively. Only less than 1% of CCCSs of 18O is attributed to the EM excitation. Further investigation of projectiles from 18O to 197Au on C, silver (Ag) and Pb targets at 300 and 900MeV/nucleon show that the contribution of EM to CCCSs on Ag and Pb increases with projectile mass numbers and incident energies, and can reach 10% for 197Au on Pb at 900MeV/nucleon. In contrast, the EM contribution to CCCS is negligible for all projectiles on C at both energies.
Subjects:
Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex); Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
arXiv:
2506.16367 [pdf]
PRC(2025)·2 citations
17
[Submitted on 19 Jun 2025] (cross-list from astro-ph.HE)
An unusual type-I X-ray burst from the neutron star X-ray binary IGR J17591-2342: a double-photospheric-radius-expansion burst?
Sudip Bhattacharyya · Akshay Singh · Andrea Sanna
Type-I X-ray bursts observed from neutron stars originate from intermittent unstable thermonuclear burning of accreted matter on these stars. Such bursts, particularly those reaching the Eddington luminosity and having a temporary photospheric radius-expansion due to radiation pressure, provide a testbed to study nuclear fusion processes in intense radiation, gravity, and magnetic fields. Here, we investigate time-resolved spectroscopic properties of a type-I burst from the accretion-powered millisecond X-ray pulsar IGR J17591-2342. Our basic spectral model includes an absorbed blackbody to describe the burst emission and an absorbed power law to represent the non-burst emission. The blackbody normalisation shows two consecutive humps aligned with blackbody temperature dips during the burst. Such an unusual behaviour could imply two consecutive photospheric radius-expansion events during the same burst or a systematic metallicity evolution in the neutron star atmosphere. However, our spectral analysis suggests the latter option is less likely to be happening for IGR J17591-2342. The novel former option implies that sufficient fuel survived after the first photospheric radius-expansion event to power a second similar event a few seconds later, challenging the current theoretical understanding. If confirmed, the double photospheric radius-expansion event observed in IGR J17591-2342 suggests the possibility of avoiding photospheric expansion at luminosities exceeding Eddington. Mechanisms such as temporary enhancement of the magnetic field by convection and confinement of the plasma could be invoked to explain the peculiar behaviour of the source.
Comments:
11 pages, 8 figures, accepted for publication in Astronomy and Astrophysics (A&A)
Subjects:
High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE); Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex); Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
arXiv:
2506.16632 [pdf]
Astron.Astrophys.(2025)·0 citations
18
[Submitted on 20 Jun 2025] (cross-list from hep-ph)
Inclusive quasielastic (anti-)neutrino nucleus scattering within the Standard Model and beyond
E. Hernández🇪🇸 · J. Nieves🇪🇸 · J.E. Sobczyk🇸🇪
We derive fully general expressions for the inclusive (anti-)neutrino-induced nuclear quasielastic production of a strange or charmed baryon $Y$ , considering all dimension-six new physics operators relevant to the semileptonic $q \to q^{'} ℓ ν_{ℓ}$ transition with both left- and right-handed neutrino fields. We illustrate the formalism by applying it to the $Λ_{c}$ production in neutrino nucleus scattering. The nuclear response is computed using a state-of-the-art {\it ab initio} spectral function, based on realistic nuclear many-body wavefunctions obtained via coupled-cluster method and a nuclear Hamiltonian derived from chiral effective field theory. We also highlight the role played by the final state interactions between the produced $Y$ hyperon and the residual nuclear system, which can obscure potential new physics signals in this (anti-)neutrino nucleus reaction. Our results improve upon previous studies that neglected nuclear corrections and uncertainties -- effects we show to be comparable to, or even larger than, those expected from new physics.
Comments:
17 latex pages, 5 figures
Subjects:
High Energy Physics — Phenomenology (hep-ph); Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
arXiv:
2506.16774 [pdf]
PRD(2025)·1 citation
19
[Submitted on 20 Jun 2025] (cross-list from hep-lat)
Parton Distributions on a Quantum Computer
Jiunn-Wei Chen🇹🇼 · Yu-Ting Chen🇹🇼 · Ghanashyam Meher🇹🇼
We perform the first quantum computation of parton distribution function (PDF) with a real quantum device by calculating the PDF of the lightest positronium in the Schwinger model with IBM quantum computers. The calculation uses 10 qubits for staggered fermions at five spatial sites and one ancillary qubit. The most critical and challenging step is to reduce the number of two-qubit gate depths to around 500 so that sensible results start to emerge. The resulting lightcone correlators have excellent agreement with the classical simulator result in central values, although the error is still large. Compared with classical approaches, quantum computation has the advantage of not being limited in the accessible range of parton momentum fraction $x$ due to renormalon ambiguity, and the difficulty of accessing non-valence partons. A PDF calculation with 3+1 dimensional QCD near $x = 0$ or $x = 1$ will be a clear demonstration of the quantum advantage on a problem with great scientific impact.
Comments:
8 pages, 4 figures; Fig.2 updated and references added
Subjects:
High Energy Physics — Lattice (hep-lat); High Energy Physics — Phenomenology (hep-ph); Nuclear Theory (nucl-th); Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
arXiv:
2506.16829 [pdf]
19 citations
20
[Submitted on 20 Jun 2025] (cross-list from cond-mat.soft)
Line Tension Reshapes Nucleation at Surface Edges: A Generalized Theory for Nanopore Activation
Yanchen Wu · Martin Z. Bazant · Allan S. Myerson · Richard D. Braatz
Heterogeneous nucleation at surface edges is pervasive across nature and industry, yet the role of line tension, arising from asymmetric capillary interactions at geometric singularities, remains poorly understood. Herein we develop a generalized nucleation theory that explicitly incorporates line tension induced by edge pinning, thereby extending classical frameworks to account for nanoscale confinement and interfacial asymmetry. Through analytical treatment of droplet formation within geometrically defined nanopores, we derive a closed-form expression for the edge-pinned line tension as a function of Laplace pressure, pore geometry, and wettability. This formulation reveals that line tension can significantly reshape the nucleation energy landscape, introducing nontrivial dependencies on contact angle and pore morphology. Our results uncover a tunable, geometry-mediated mechanism for controlling nucleation barriers, offering predictive insight into phase transitions in confined environments and suggesting new strategies for design in applications ranging from nanofluidics to crystallization control.
Subjects:
cond-mat.soft (cond-mat.soft); Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall); Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
arXiv:
2506.16978 [pdf]
PRResearch(2026)·0 citations

Affiliations

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