Nuclear Theory·nucl-th

Thursday·May 22, 2025

12 papers—7 primary·5 cross-listed

08
[Submitted on 20 May 2025] (cross-list from astro-ph.HE)
Discovery of the anti-glitch in PSR J1835 $-$ 1106
Mingyang Wang · Peng Liu · Jianping Yuan · Ang Li · Youli Tuo · Shijun Dang · Weihua Wang · Mingyu Ge · Xia Zhou · Na Wang
We report the detection of an anti-glitch with a fractional frequency change of $Δ ν / ν = - 3.46 (6) \times 1 0^{- 9}$ in the rotation-powered pulsar PSR J1835 $-$ 1106 at MJD 55813, based on timing observations collected with the Nanshan 26-m and Parkes 64-m radio telescopes from January 2000 to July 2022. A comparison of the average pulse profiles within $\pm 300$ d of the event reveals no significant morphological changes. We also estimate the angular velocity lag between the normal and superfluid components at the time of the glitch, showing that one of the superfluid glitch models is incompatible with PSR J1835 $-$ 1106 due to its insufficient spin-down rate and angular velocity lag. The wind braking scenario offers a viable alternative, consistent with the observed spin-down behavior, glitch amplitude, and post-glitch recovery. High-cadence, high-sensitivity monitoring of similar events is essential to distinguish between internal (superfluid) and external (wind-related) glitch mechanisms.
Comments:
7 pages, 2 figures, 3 tables, version accepted for publication in ApJL
Subjects:
High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE); Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR); Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
arXiv:
2505.14755 [pdf]
ApJL·1 citation
09
[Submitted on 20 May 2025] (cross-list from astro-ph.HE)
Model-Independent Determination of the Tidal Deformability of a 1.4 $M_{⊙}$ Neutron Star from Gravitational-Wave Measurements
Chun Huang🇺🇸
Tidal deformability of a 1.4 $M_{⊙}$ neutron star provides a pivotal window into the physics of dense nuclear matter, bridging gravitational-wave(GW), electromagnetic observations and nuclear physics. In this work, we present a novel, data-driven approach to constrain $Λ_{1.4}$ without invoking specific equation-of-state(EOS) models. By interpolating directly over the mass--tidal-deformability posteriors from GW170817, we obtain an EOS-independent constraint of $Λ_{1.4} = 222.8 9_{- 98.85}^{+ 420.33} .$ We further combine these GW-based results with the X-ray EOS-independent constraint from \cite{Huang_2025}, deriving a multimessenger limit of $Λ_{1.4} = 265.1 8_{- 104.38}^{+ 237.88},$ which remains largely EOS agnostic. This framework demonstrates that higher-order terms neglected in linear expansion methods do not significantly affect $Λ_{1.4}$ estimates under current observational uncertainties. As gravitational-wave detectors improve in sensitivity and more binary neutron-star mergers are discovered, our purely data-driven strategy can serve as a robust standard baseline for extracting neutron-star interior properties without relying on unverified EOS models.
Comments:
Accepted publication in ApJ
Subjects:
High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE); Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR); General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc); Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
arXiv:
2505.14822 [pdf]
ApJ(2025)·7 citations
10
[Submitted on 20 May 2025] (cross-list from nucl-ex)
Reduction in nuclear size and quadrupole deformation of high-spin isomers of 127,129In
A.R. Vernon🇬🇧 · C.L. Binnersley🇬🇧 · R.F. Garcia Ruiz🇺🇸 · K.M. Lynch🇬🇧 · T. Miyagi🇯🇵 · J. Billowes🇬🇧 · M.L. Bissell🇬🇧 · T.E. Cocolios🇧🇪 · J.P. Delaroche🇫🇷 · J. Dobaczewski🇬🇧 · M. Dupuis🇫🇷 · K.T. Flanagan🇬🇧 and 20 other authors
We employed laser spectroscopy of atomic transitions to measure the nuclear charge radii and electromagnetic properties of the high-spin isomeric states in neutron-rich indium isotopes (Z = 49) near the closed proton and neutron shells at Z = 50 and N = 82. Our data reveal a reduction in the nuclear charge radius and intrinsic quadrupole moment when protons and neutrons are fully aligned in 129In(N = 80), to form the high spin isomer. Such a reduction is not observed in 127In(N = 78), where more complex configurations can be formed by the existence of four neutron-holes. These observations are not consistently described by nuclear theory.
Comments:
Accepted in Physical Review Letters
Subjects:
Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex); Nuclear Theory (nucl-th); Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
arXiv:
2505.14977 [pdf]
PRL(2025)·3 citations
11
[Submitted on 21 May 2025] (cross-list from hep-ph)
$ϕ \to 3 π$ and $ϕ π^{0}$ transition form factor from Khuri-Treiman equations
A. Garcia-Lorenzo🇪🇸 · M. Albaladejo🇪🇸 · S. Gonzlez-Solis🇪🇸 · N. Hammoud🇪🇸 · V. Mathieu🇪🇸 · G. Montana🇺🇸 · A. Pilloni🇮🇹 · D. Winney🇩🇪 · A.P. Szczepaniak🇺🇸
This work studies the $ϕ \to 3 π$ decay and the $ϕ \to π^{0} γ^{*}$ transition form factor, utilizing the Khuri-Treiman formalism to account for analyticity, crossing, and unitarity. Using once-subtracted dispersion relations, we perform a simultaneous fit to the $ϕ \to 3 π$ Dalitz plot distribution and the $ϕ \to π^{0} γ^{*}$ measurements from the KLOE collaboration, finding good agreement with these experimental data. These results reaffirm the applicability of the Khuri-Treiman approach in the analysis of three-body decays. An interesting result is that the subtraction constant appearing in the equations is similar to a sum rule expectation, in contrast to analogous studies of $ω \to 3 π$ decays and $ω \to π^{0} γ^{*}$ , which shows significant deviations. Our results also provide a reasonable description of the trend of the transition form factor data from BaBar in the $e^{+} e^{-} \to ϕ π^{0}$ scattering region. These intriguing theoretical differences between the decays of $ϕ$ and $ω$ could encourage further experimental measurements to assess the discrepancies and refine the theoretical predictions.
Subjects:
High Energy Physics — Phenomenology (hep-ph); High Energy Physics — Experiment (hep-ex); Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
arXiv:
2505.15309 [pdf]
PRD(2026)·6 citations
12
[Submitted on 21 May 2025] (cross-list from hep-ph)
Hidden-Strangeness Tetraquarks in the Dynamical Diquark Model
Shahriyar Jafarzade🇺🇸 · Richard F. Lebed🇺🇸
The dynamical diquark model describes multiquark exotic hadrons in terms of diquark components nucleated by heavy quarks, and successfully explains multiple features of hidden-charm and -bottom exotics. Here we apply the model to the marginally heavy case of hidden-strange states to probe whether mesons near 2 GeV with peculiar properties, such as $ϕ (2170)$ , $f_{2} (2340)$ , and X(2370), are possible tetraquark candidates. We calculate spin-multiplet average masses using potentials obtained through lattice simulations and quark models, and we also describe the detailed spectra of the expected multiplets as a diagnostic to discern the nature of future hadrons likely to be discovered in this mass region by experiments at facilities such as BESIII, JLab, and the EIC.
Comments:
11 pages, 2 figures, 4 tables, version accepted to Physical Review D
Subjects:
High Energy Physics — Phenomenology (hep-ph); Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
arXiv:
2505.15704 [pdf]
PRD(2025)·9 citations

Affiliations

first authorsco-authorsvia INSPIRE

Discovery of the anti-glitch in PSR J1835−1106

Model-Independent Determination of the Tidal Deformability of a 1.4 M⊙​ Neutron Star from Gravitational-Wave Measurements

Reduction in nuclear size and quadrupole deformation of high-spin isomers of 127,129In

ϕ→3π and ϕπ0 transition form factor from Khuri-Treiman equations

Hidden-Strangeness Tetraquarks in the Dynamical Diquark Model

Affiliations

Discovery of the anti-glitch in PSR J1835 $-$ 1106

Model-Independent Determination of the Tidal Deformability of a 1.4 $M_{⊙}$ Neutron Star from Gravitational-Wave Measurements

$ϕ \to 3 π$ and $ϕ π^{0}$ transition form factor from Khuri-Treiman equations