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Nuclear Theory·nucl-th

Monday·April 14, 2025

7 papers—3 primary·4 cross-listed

All7Primary3Cross-lists4
  1. 01

    [Submitted on 11 Apr 2025]

    Can the strong interactions between hadrons be determined using femtoscopy?

    Evgeny Epelbaum🇩🇪 · Sven Heihoff🇩🇪 · Ulf-G. Meißner🇩🇪 · Alexander Tscherwon🇩🇪

    In the last decades, femtoscopic measurements from heavy-ion collisions have become a popular tool to investigate the strong interactions between hadrons. The key observables measured in such experiments are the two-hadron momentum correlations, which depend on the production mechanism of hadron pairs and the final-state interactions. Given the complexity of ultra-relativistic collision experiments, the source term describing the production mechanism can only be modeled phenomenologically based on numerous assumptions. The commonly employed approach for analyzing femtoscopic data relies on the Koonin-Pratt formula, which relates the measured correlation functions with the relative wave function of an outgoing hadron pair and a source term that is assumed to be universal. Here, we critically examine this universality assumption and show that for strongly interacting particles such as nucleons, the interpretation of femtoscopic measurements suffers from a potentially large intrinsic uncertainty. We also comment on the ongoing efforts to explore three-body interactions using this experimental technique.

    Comments:
    15 pages, 9 figures, 1 table; version accepted for publication in Physical Review Letters
    Subjects:
    Nuclear Theory (nucl-th); High Energy Physics — Experiment (hep-ex); High Energy Physics — Lattice (hep-lat); High Energy Physics — Phenomenology (hep-ph); Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
    arXiv:
    2504.08631 [pdf]
    PRL(2026)·27 citations
  2. 02

    [Submitted on 11 Apr 2025]

    Two-body currents at finite momentum transfer and applications to M1 transitions

    C. Brase🇩🇪 · T. Miyagi🇩🇪 · J. Menéndez🇪🇸 · A. Schwenk🇩🇪

    We explore the impact of two-body currents (2BCs) at finite momentum transfer with a focus on magnetic dipole properties in Ca and Ti. To this end, we derive a multipole decomposition of 2BCs to fully include the momentum-transfer dependence in calculations. As application, we investigate the effects of 2BCs on the strong M1 transition at 10.23MeV in Ca using the valence-space in-medium similarity renormalization group (VS-IMSRG) with a set of non-implausible interactions as well as the 1.8/2.0 (EM) interaction. Experiments, such as and , disagree on the magnetic dipole strength (M1) for this transition. Our VS-IMSRG results favor larger (M1) values similar to recent coupled-cluster calculations. However, for this transition there are larger cancellations between the leading pion-in-flight and seagull 2BCs, so that future calculations including higher-order 2BCs are important. For validation of our results, we investigate additional observables in Ca as well as M1 transitions in Ti. For these, our results agree with experiment. Finally, our results show that for medium-mass nuclei 2BC contributions to M1 and Gamow-Teller transitions are, as expected, very different. Therefore, using similar quenching factors for both in phenomenological calculations is not supported from first principles.

    Comments:
    12 pages, 5 figures, corrected one point in Fig. 3, published version
    Subjects:
    Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
    arXiv:
    2504.08711 [pdf]
    PRC(2026)·4 citations
  3. 03

    [Submitted on 11 Apr 2025]

    The Early History of the Quark-Gluon Plasma

    W. Busza · W.A. Zajc

    We present the historical antecedents to the field of relativistic heavy ion physics, beginning with early attempts to model the strong interaction and ending with the endorsement of a relativistic heavy ion collider in the 1983 U.S. Long-Range Plan for Nuclear Science. Particular attention is paid to two major themes: 1) A program to study high density states of nuclear matter emerging from the 1974 Bear Mountain conference and 2) Efforts to understand the predictions of QCD for matter at high densities and/or temperatures.

    Comments:
    v.2: References and acknowledgments extended, text improved in response to helpful referee comments, final version for publication. 22 pages, Contribution to "Quark Gluon Plasma at Fifty - A Commemorative Journey", Publisher: Springer Nature Switzerland AG, Editors: Tapan Nayak, Marco Van Leeuwen, Steffen Bass, Claudia Ratti, James Dunlop
    Subjects:
    Nuclear Theory (nucl-th); High Energy Physics — Phenomenology (hep-ph); Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
    arXiv:
    2504.08720 [pdf]
    3 citations

Affiliations

first authorsco-authorsvia INSPIRE