Nuclear Theory·nucl-th

Tuesday·April 1, 2025

21 papers—11 primary·10 cross-listed

12
[Submitted on 28 Mar 2025] (cross-list from physics.atom-ph)
Crossover between the zeptosecond and attosecond physics
T. Nandi · Yash Kumar · Adya P. Mishra · Nishchal R. Dwivedi · Chandra Kumar · Gajendra Singh · N.Sowmya · H.C.Manjunatha · Sudhir R. Jain · A.S. Kheifets
Nuclear orbiting resonances have been revealed at the sub-barrier energies as an atomic phenomenon by means of x-ray spectroscopy experiments. This interpretation is supported by several phenomenological models and theoretical estimates of the nuclear orbiting timescale and cross-section, inelastic scattering cross section including both nuclear and Coulomb excitation, and the Wigner-Smith time delay. We demonstrate that a multi-photon exchange during nuclear orbiting is responsible for an atomic excitation. Furthermore, proximity of the projectile and target nucleus during the nuclear orbiting modifies the effective charge of the projectile. Even though this orbiting induced excitation is triggered in zeptoseconds, it can still be observed in the attosecond time scale because of the Wigner-Smith time delay inherent to autoionization. Thus, we demonstrate the crossover between the zeptosecond and attosecond time scales which are native to nuclear and atomic physics, respectively. Markedly, this crossover may be the reason for x-ray production from ultra short nuclear processes ( $\leq 1 0^{- 21}$ sec). This explanation is likely to resolve the fission time scale anomaly and can stimulate cross-disciplinary research ranging from solid state to high-energy physics.
Subjects:
Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph); Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex); Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
arXiv:
2503.22766 [pdf]
0 citations
13
[Submitted on 29 Mar 2025] (cross-list from astro-ph.HE)
The Cosmic One-Eyed Smile: Revealing the Hidden Face of Mike Wazowski
Chun Huang
We present a novel and somewhat whimsical approach to pulsar hotspot modeling by drawing inspiration from the iconic one-eyed monster, Mike Wazowski, from \emph{Monsters, Inc.}. Utilizing X-ray high-quality timing data from NICER, we apply a Bayesian inference framework to model the X-ray pulse profile of PSR J0437--4715. Our analysis employs a \emph{Wazowski Configuration} (WC) in which the conventional hotspot parametrization is replaced with a predefined image template, whose redness and size are adjusted to mimic temperature variations. The results reveal a configuration where two hotspots--one brighter and smaller in the north represents the energetic ``University time Wazowski", and one larger yet cooler in the south represents the ``Monster, Inc. time Wazowski"--combine to produce the observed X-ray pulse profile. These findings not only demonstrate the sensitivity of pulse profile modeling to hotspot morphology but also open up the intriguing possibility that the X-ray emission of some pulsars may be interpreted as a cosmic homage to our favorite animated character.
Comments:
10 pages, 3 figures, 3 tables, Submitting to Monster University Journal
Subjects:
High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE); Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR); Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
arXiv:
2503.22914 [pdf]
0 citations
14
[Submitted on 30 Mar 2025] (cross-list from hep-ex)
Neutrino Scattering: Connections Across Theory and Experiment
L. Alvarez-Ruso🇪🇸 · A.M. Ankowski🇵🇱 · A. Ashkenazi🇮🇱 · J. Barrow🇺🇸 · M. Betancourt🇺🇸 · K. Borah🇺🇸 · M. Sajjad Athar🇮🇳 · E. Catano-Mur🇺🇸 · P. Coloma🇪🇸 · P. Dunne🇬🇧 · L. Doria🇩🇪 · A. Fedynitch🇹🇼 and 22 other authors
In this document drafted by the Neutrino Scattering Theory Experiment Collaboration (NuSTEC), we provide input on the synergies between theoretical and experimental efforts that can provide critical input to the prediction accuracy needed for the forthcoming high-precision neutrino measurements. These efforts involve a wide range of energies and interaction processes, as well as target nuclei and interaction probes. The challenges discussed will be overcome only through the active support of integrated collaboration across strong and electroweak physics from both the nuclear and high energy physics communities.
Subjects:
High Energy Physics — Experiment (hep-ex); High Energy Physics — Theory (hep-th); Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex); Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
arXiv:
2503.23556 [pdf]
7 citations
15
[Submitted on 31 Mar 2025] (cross-list from hep-ph)
The effect of recoils on soft-drop-groomed observables in $γ$ -tagged jets in a multistage approach
Y. Tachibana🇯🇵 · C. Sirimanna🇺🇸 · A. Majumder🇺🇸 · A. Angerami🇺🇸 · R. Arora🇺🇸 · S. A. Bass🇺🇸 · Y. Chen🇺🇸 · R. Datta🇺🇸 · L. Du🇨🇦 · R. Ehlers🇺🇸 · H. Elfner🇩🇪 · R. J. Fries🇺🇸 and 40 other authors
We investigate medium-induced modifications to jet substructure observables that characterize hard components in central Pb-Pb collisions at $s_{N N} = 5.02$ ~TeV. Using a multistage Monte Carlo simulation of in-medium jet shower evolution, we explore flavor-dependent medium effects through simulations of inclusive and $γ$ -tagged jets. The results show that quark jets undergo a nonmonotonic modification compared with gluon jets in observables such as the Pb-Pb to $p$ - $p$ ratio of the soft drop prong angle $r_{g}$ , the relative prong transverse momentum $k_{T, g}$ , and the groomed mass $m_{g}$ distributions. Due to this nonmonotonic modification, $γ$ -tagged jets, enriched in quark jets, provide surprisingly clear signals of medium-induced structural modifications, distinct from effects dominated by selection bias. Further systematic studies demonstrate that these effects are dominated by recoil medium response. This work highlights the potential of hard substructures in $γ$ -tagged jets as powerful tools for probing the jet-medium interactions in high-energy heavy-ion collisions, in particular by enabling detailed investigations of jet-medium parton scatterings via their associated medium response. All simulations for $γ$ -tagged jet analyses carried out in this paper used triggered events containing at least one hard photon, which highlights the utility of these observables for future Bayesian analysis.
Comments:
31 pages, 35 figures
Subjects:
High Energy Physics — Phenomenology (hep-ph); Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex); Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
arXiv:
2503.23693 [pdf]
PRC(2026)·9 citations
16
[Submitted on 31 Mar 2025] (cross-list from cond-mat.quant-gas)
Semisuper Efimov effect induced by resonant pair exchange in mixed dimensions
Yusuke Nishida
We introduce a new member to the class of semisuper Efimov effects, where an infinite number of bound states emerge with their binding energies obeying the universal scaling law $E_{n} \sim e^{- 2 (π n / γ)^{2}}$ for sufficiently high excitation $n \in N$ . Our system consists of a pair of two-component fermions in three dimensions at infinite scattering length, which furthermore interact with a boson confined in two dimensions so as to form a three-body bound state at zero energy. When another boson is added, the exchange of the resonant pair of fermions between two bosons leads to the semisuper Efimov effect of four such particles with the scaling exponent $γ$ determined by the mass ratio of bosons to fermions. If bosons exist in three dimensions, an infinite number of bound states do not emerge, but some of them may survive for a large mass ratio, making our findings potentially relevant to two-neutron halo nuclei as well as ultracold atoms.
Comments:
5 pages, 3 figures; published version
Subjects:
Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas); Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
arXiv:
2503.23909 [pdf]
PRA(2025)·1 citation
17
[Submitted on 31 Mar 2025] (cross-list from hep-ph)
Production of $K^{+} K^{-}$ Pairs Through Decay of $ϕ$ Meson
Xin-Nan Zhu🇨🇳 · Xin-Li Sheng🇮🇹 · Defu Hou🇨🇳
We develop a theoretical framework for the production of $K^{+} K^{-}$ pairs through the decay of $ϕ$ mesons produced from a thermal background, based on the Nambu-Jona-Lasinio (NJL) model. The differential production rate of $K^{+} K^{-}$ is related to the self-energy of the $ϕ$ meson, incorporating the contributions of the quark loop at leading order and the kaon loop at next-to-leading order in the $1/ N_{c}$ expansion. We numerically evaluate the invariant mass spectrum of the $K^{+} K^{-}$ pair both in vacuum and at finite temperature. The inclusion of the kaon loop results in a finite width of the spectrum, improving agreement with experimental data. We also investigate the spin alignment of the $ϕ$ meson induced by its motion relative to the thermal background. In the NJL model with only chiral condensates, we find that deviations from the unpolarized limit of 1/3 are negligible.
Comments:
15 pages, 11 figures
Subjects:
High Energy Physics — Phenomenology (hep-ph); High Energy Physics — Theory (hep-th); Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
arXiv:
2503.23919 [pdf]
PRD(2025)·2 citations
18
[Submitted on 31 Mar 2025] (cross-list from hep-th)
Worldvolume fermion as baryon with homogeneous instantons in holographic $QCD_{3}$
Si-wen Li🇨🇳 · Xiao-tong Zhang🇨🇳
(ArXiv version) We investigate holographically the effective theory of the worldvolume fermion on the flavor branes in the D3/D7 model with homogeneously smeared D(-1)-branes. As a top-down approach in gauge-gravity duality, the D(-1)-branes are instantons and violate the CP symmetry in the dual theory. In the confined geometry, we introduce a baryon vertex as a D5-brane wrapped on $S^{5}$ , then identify the fermionic fluxes produced by the $N_{c}$ open strings on the D7-brane as a baryonic operator. Afterwards, we study the spectrum and the holographic correlation function of the baryonic fermion on the D7-branes. Remarkably, the fermionic spectrum is in agreement with the dispersion curves obtained from the confined correlation function, and the mass ratio of the lowest baryon and meson in our model is close to the associated experimental data. Moreover, the effective interaction terms of the holographic baryon and meson are derived and all the coupling constants take order of $N_{c}^{1/2}$ agreeing with the evaluation from the large $N_{c}$ field theory. In the deconfined geometry, the holographic correlation function is also evaluated numerically while the fermion on D7-brane is identified to plasmino instead of baryon. The dispersion curves from the deconfined correlation function basically covers the results from the hard thermal loop approximation and may imply the instanton-induced interaction with spin. Overall, this work constructs a holographic theory about baryonic fermion and mesonic boson with instantons or CP violation.
Comments:
34 pages, 4 tables, 10 figures, add some comments and 1 figure
Subjects:
High Energy Physics — Theory (hep-th); High Energy Physics — Phenomenology (hep-ph); Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
arXiv:
2503.24173 [pdf]
PRD(2025)·4 citations
19
[Submitted on 31 Mar 2025] (cross-list from hep-ph)
KNO scaling in quark and gluon jets at the LHC
Xiang-Pan Duan🇨🇳 · Lin Chen🇪🇸 · Guo-Liang Ma🇨🇳 · Carlos A. Salgado🇪🇸 · Bin Wu🇪🇸
The Koba-Nielsen-Olesen (KNO) scaling of hadron multiplicity distributions, empirically confirmed to hold approximately in $e^{+} e^{-}$ collisions and Deep Inelastic Scattering, has been observed to be violated in hadron-hadron collisions. In this work, we show that the universality of KNO scaling can be extended to hadron-hadron collisions when restricted to QCD jets. We present a comprehensive study of KNO scaling in QCD jets produced in proton-proton collisions at the LHC. Using perturbative QCD calculations in the double logarithmic approximation and PYTHIA simulations, we find that KNO scaling approximately holds for both quark and gluon jets across a broad jet $p_{T}$ range, from $0.1$ TeV to $2.5$ TeV, at both the parton and hadron levels. Especially, we highlight characteristic differences between the KNO scaling functions of quark and gluon jets, with the quark-jet scaling function lying above that of gluon jets at both low and high multiplicities. This distinction is essential for interpreting inclusive jet data at the LHC. Furthermore, we propose direct experimental tests of KNO scaling in QCD jets at the LHC through quark-gluon discrimination using jet substructure techniques, as demonstrated by applying energy correlation functions to PYTHIA-generated data.
Comments:
6 pages, 4 figures
Subjects:
High Energy Physics — Phenomenology (hep-ph); High Energy Physics — Experiment (hep-ex); Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
arXiv:
2503.24200 [pdf]
PRD(2025)·11 citations
20
[Submitted on 31 Mar 2025] (cross-list from hep-ph)
Quark production in the bottom-up thermalization
Sergio Barrera Cabodevila🇪🇸 · Xiaojian Du🇪🇸 · Carlos A. Salgado🇪🇸 · Bin Wu🇪🇸
We investigate the impact of quark production on bottom-up thermalization in heavy-ion collisions. First, we extend the parametric estimates of bottom-up thermalization in pure gluon systems by incorporating quark production in the weak-coupling (high-energy) limit. Our analysis reveals that quark production does not alter the qualitative features of the three-stage thermalization process in this limit. Furthermore, we obtain the scaling behavior of the quark number density over time at each stage. Then, by solving the Boltzmann equation in diffusion approximation (BEDA) for longitudinally boost-invariant systems, we demonstrate how our detailed numerical simulations approach the predicted three-stage thermalization picture as the strong coupling $α_{s}$ decreases. Finally, we carry out a detailed comparison of our BEDA results with those obtained by solving the QCD effective kinetic theory for intermediate values of $α_{s}$ , observing remarkably good quantitative agreement between the two approaches.
Comments:
11 pages, 3 figures
Subjects:
High Energy Physics — Phenomenology (hep-ph); Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
arXiv:
2503.24291 [pdf]
PLB(2025)·8 citations
21
[Submitted on 31 Mar 2025] (cross-list from hep-ph)
Leading qT/Q correction for Drell-Yan in TMD factorization
Arturo Arroyo-Castro🇪🇸 · Ignazio Scimemi🇪🇸 · Alexey Vladimirov🇪🇸
The transverse momentum dependent (TMD) factorization theorem accommodates various types of power corrections. Among them, the least studied are qT/Q corrections, which become significant at large values of transverse momentum. These corrections partially originate from higher-twist TMD distributions, which exhibit singularity at small transverse distances. We propose a decomposition that reveals this singularity explicitly, and makes the qT/Q correction manifest. As a concrete application, we consider the next-to-leading power correction for the angular distributions in Drell-Yan, and determine the leading qT/Q corrections. These corrections are significant for the angular distributions A1 and A3, in complete agreement with the data.
Comments:
29 pages, 3 figures
Subjects:
High Energy Physics — Phenomenology (hep-ph); High Energy Physics — Experiment (hep-ex); High Energy Physics — Lattice (hep-lat); Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex); Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
arXiv:
2503.24336 [pdf]
JHEP(2025)·7 citations

Affiliations

first authorsco-authorsvia INSPIRE