Nuclear Theory·nucl-th

Friday·March 14, 2025

16 papers—8 primary·8 cross-listed

01
[Submitted on 13 Mar 2025]
Effects of symmetry energy on the properties of hadron-quark mixed phase in hybrid stars
Min Ju🇨🇳 · Xuhao Wu🇨🇳 · Hong Shen🇨🇳
We study how the nuclear symmetry energy slope affects the properties of hadron-quark pasta phases and their sizes in massive hybrid stars ( $> 2 M_{⊙}$ ). We utilize the relativistic mean-field model with a density-dependent isovector coupling constant fitted by varying values of the symmetry energy slope $L$ to describe the hadronic matter, while the quark matter is described by a modified MIT bag model with vector interactions. We construct the hadron-quark phase transition using the energy minimization (EM) method and compare with the Gibbs construction (GC) in the hybrid star. We find that the massive hybrid stars generally tend to have a hadron-quark pasta phase core rather than a pure quark core for most values of $L$ , except in some special cases where they have a small pure quark core. Furthermore, we show that the mass and size of the pasta phase core are strongly influenced by the symmetry energy. The radius associated with the onset of pasta phases is also influenced by the symmetry energy. Additionally, we also evaluate the effects of the surface tension $σ$ , the bag constant $B$ , and the vector interaction $G_{V}$ .
Subjects:
Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
arXiv:
2503.09965 [pdf]
PRC(2025)·3 citations
02
[Submitted on 13 Mar 2025]
$β^{-}$ -decay half-lives of even-even nuclei using the recently introduced phase space recipe
Jameel-Un Nabi · Mavra Ishfaq · Ovidiu Nitescu · Mihail Mirea · Sabin Stoica
We present the beta decay half-lives calculation for selected even even nuclei that decay through electron emission. The kinematical portion of the half-life calculation was performed using a recently introduced technique for computation of phase space factors (PSFs). The dynamical portion of our calculation was performed within the proton neutron quasiparticle random phase approximation (pn QRPA) model. Six nuclei (20O, 24Ne, 34Si, 54Ti, 62Fe, and 98Zr) were selected for the present calculation. We compare the calculated PSFs for these cases against the traditionally used recipe. In our new approach, the Dirac equation was numerically solved employing a Coulomb potential. This potential was adopted from a more realistic proton distribution of the daughter nucleus. Thus, the finite size of the nucleus and the diffuse nuclear surface corrections are taken into account. Moreover, a screened Coulomb potential was constructed to account for the effect of atomic screening. The power series technique was used for the numerical solution. The calculated values of half-lives, employing the recently developed method for computation of PSFs, were in good agreement with the experimental data.
Comments:
7 Pages, 3 Tables, 2 Figures
Subjects:
Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
arXiv:
2503.10056 [pdf]
Universe(2019)·4 citations
03
[Submitted on 13 Mar 2025]
Non-perturbative quarkonium dissociation rates in strongly coupled quark-gluon plasma
Biaogang Wu🇺🇸 · Zhanduo Tang🇺🇸 · Ralf Rapp🇺🇸
Heavy quarks and quarkonia are versatile probes of the transport properties of the hot QCD medium produced in ultra-relativistic heavy-ion collisions (URHICs). A robust description of heavy-flavor transport coefficients requires a microscopic approach that treats the open and hidden heavy-flavor sectors on the same footing. Here, we employ the quantum many-body $T$ -matrix formalism to evaluate the dissociation rates of heavy quarkonia in the quark-gluon plasma (QGP). The basic ingredient is the heavy-light $T$ -matrix, which utilizes a nonperturbative driving kernel constrained by lattice-QCD data. Its resummation in a ladder series provides a much enhanced interaction strength compared to previously used perturbative coupling to the quasiparticle partons in the QGP. The in-medium quarkonium properties, particularly their temperature-dependent binding energies, are evaluated self-consistently using the same interaction kernel, including interference effects (also referred to as the imaginary part of the heavy-quark potential) as well as off-shell parton spectral functions. We systematically investigate the interplay of these effects and elaborate on the connections to the dipole approximation used in effective field theory.
Subjects:
Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
arXiv:
2503.10089 [pdf]
JHEP(2025)·11 citations
04
[Submitted on 13 Mar 2025]
$γ W$ -exchange contributions in neutron $β$ decay in the forward-angle limit
Hui-Yun Cao🇨🇳 · Hai-Qing Zhou🇨🇳
In this work, the contributions from $γ W$ -exchange in neutron $β$ decay are estimated at the amplitude level. Using a general form for the electromagnetic (EM) form factors (FFs) of the proton, the EM FFs of the neutron, and the weak FFs of the $W n p$ interaction as inputs, we present analytical expressions for the inner part of the $γ W$ -exchange amplitude under the forward angle limit. The differences and relations between our method and those used in the references are discussed. To compare our numerical results with those provided in the references, we consider three types of FFs as examples. The numerical results show that when the favored EM FFs are used, our result for the contribution from the Fermi part is consistent with those reported in the references, while our results for the Gamow-Teller parts are about 7\% and 13\% larger than those reported in Ref.~\cite{Hayen-2021}.
Subjects:
Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
arXiv:
2503.10108 [pdf]
PRC(2025)·1 citation
05
[Submitted on 13 Mar 2025]
Bayesian analysis of a (3+1)D hybrid approach with initial conditions from hadronic transport
Niklas Götz🇩🇪 · Iurii Karpenko🇨🇿 · Hannah Elfner🇩🇪
This study aims to apply statistical learning, specifically Bayesian inference, to the (3+1)D SMASH-vHLLE-hybrid model using initial conditions generated by the SMASH transport code itself, with the objective of constraining model parameters and gaining deeper insight on the temperature and baryochemical potential dependence of both the shear and the bulk viscosity. This study is performed in the hybrid approach SMASH-vHLLE, composed of the hadronic transport approach SMASH and the (3+1)D viscous hydrodynamic code vHLLE. A Bayesian framework is employed, utilizing Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) sampling to explore the parameter space. The analysis compares model predictions against experimental observables, including particle yields, momentum and flow coefficients both at midrapidity as well as in forward and backward direction. We find that the SMASH-vHLLE-hybrid framework, using hadronic initial conditions for Au+Au collisions at different beam energies, can reproduce a variety of experimental observables at midrapidity and forward/backward rapidities. Notably, the preferred posterior distribution suggests a near-vanishing specific shear viscosity in the high-temperature QGP phase, combined with moderate-to-large bulk viscosity around the phase transition region, although the constraints on baryochemical potential dependence are weak. Our findings reveal that a hadronic initial condition constrains the evolution more strictly at intermediate energies, making parameters such as the hydrodynamic onset time highly sensitive. Intriguingly, the extracted shear viscosity differs substantially from previous Bayesian analyses, motivating further systematic studies with higher-statistics data sets and refined modeling assumptions.
Comments:
24 pages,20 figures, comments welcome
Subjects:
Nuclear Theory (nucl-th); High Energy Physics — Phenomenology (hep-ph); Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
arXiv:
2503.10181 [pdf]
PRC(2025)·21 citations
06
[Submitted on 13 Mar 2025]
Nuclear matter in relativistic Brueckner-Hartree-Fock theory with local and nonlocal covariant chiral interactions at leading order
Wei-Jiang Zou · Yi-Long Yang · Shihang Shen · Jie Meng
The simultaneous description for nuclear matter and finite nuclei has been a long-standing challenge in nuclear ab initio theory. With the success for nuclear matter, the relativistic Brueckner-Hartree-Fock (RBHF) theory with covariant chiral interactions is a promising ab initio approach to describe both nuclear matter and finite nuclei. In the description of the finite nuclei with the current RBHF theory, the covariant chiral interactions have to be localized to make calculations feasible. In order to examine the reliability and validity, in this letter, the RBHF theory with local and nonlocal covariant chiral interactions at leading order are applied for nuclear matter. The low-energy constants in the covariant chiral interactions determined with the local regularization are close to those with the nonlocal regularization. Moreover, the RBHF theory with local and nonlocal covariant chiral interactions provide equally well description of the saturation properties of nuclear matter. The present work paves the way for the implementation of covariant chiral interactions in RBHF theory for finite nuclei.
Comments:
12 pages, 3 figures
Subjects:
Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
arXiv:
2503.10187 [pdf]
Chin.Phys.Lett.(2025)·5 citations
07
[Submitted on 13 Mar 2025]
Explanation of the observed violation of isospin symmetry in relativistic nucleus-nucleus reactions
Tom Reichert🇩🇪 · Jan Steinheimer🇩🇪 · Marcus Bleicher🇩🇪
The violation of isospin symmetry in nucleus-nucleus reactions, as shown in the ratio $R_{K} = (K^{+} + K^{-}) / (K^{0} + K ˉ^{0})$ presented by NA61/SHINE, can be understood by introducing results from color-string fragmentation in $e^{+} e^{-}$ to nuclear reactions. This novel input allows for a consistent description of the $e^{+} e^{-}$ data, proton+proton data and finally nucleus-nucleus data at all investigated energies. We conclude that the observed isospin violation in nucleus-nucleus reactions is explained by asymmetric production of up- and down-quarks in the elementary color field fragmentation process.
Subjects:
Nuclear Theory (nucl-th); High Energy Physics — Phenomenology (hep-ph); Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
arXiv:
2503.10493 [pdf]
PLB(2026)·7 citations
08
[Submitted on 13 Mar 2025]
Apparent teleportation of indistinguishable particles
Marek Gazdzicki🇵🇱 · Daniel Kikola🇵🇱 · Ivan Pidhurskyi🇵🇱 · Leonardo Tinti🇵🇱
Teleportation, introduced in science fiction literature, is an instantaneous change of the position of a macroscopic object. Two teleportation-like phenomena have been predicted by quantum mechanics: quantum teleportation and, more recently, quantum particle teleportation. Here, we introduce the third teleportation-like phenomenon - apparent teleportation. It seems to be a natural consequence of the Standard Model's indistinguishable elementary particles and antiparticles. We illustrate the idea within a 1+1D toy model of particle-antiparticle creation and space-time evolution obeying transport locality. Furthermore, we propose a novel method to observe apparent teleportation driven by strong interactions through measurements of correlations between the momenta of charm and anticharm hadrons in nuclear collisions. Observing the apparent teleportation would uncover the basic transport properties of indistinguishable particles.
Comments:
19 pages, 8 figures
Subjects:
Nuclear Theory (nucl-th); High Energy Physics — Phenomenology (hep-ph); Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
arXiv:
2503.10565 [pdf]
Acta Phys.Polon.B(2026)·2 citations

Affiliations

first authorsco-authorsvia INSPIRE