Nuclear Theory·nucl-th

Wednesday·November 20, 2024

14 papers—5 primary·9 cross-listed

06
[Submitted on 18 Nov 2024] (cross-list from hep-ph)
Casimir effect in magnetic dual chiral density waves
Daisuke Fujii🇯🇵 · Katsumasa Nakayama🇯🇵 · Kei Suzuki🇯🇵
We theoretically investigate the Casimir effect originating from Dirac fields in finite-density matter under a magnetic field. In particular, we focus on quark fields in the magnetic dual chiral density wave (MDCDW) phase as a possible inhomogeneous ground state of interacting Dirac-fermion systems. In this system, the distance dependence of Casimir energy shows a complex oscillatory behavior by the interplay between the chemical potential, magnetic field, and inhomogeneous ground state. By decomposing the total Casimir energy into contributions of each Landau level, we elucidate what types of Casimir effects are realized from each Landau level: the lowest or some types of higher Landau levels lead to different behaviors of Casimir energies. Furthermore, we point out characteristic behaviors due to level splitting between different fermion flavors, i.e., up/down quarks. These findings provide new insights into Dirac-fermion (or quark) matter with a finite thickness.
Comments:
16 pages, 8 figures, 2 tables
Subjects:
High Energy Physics — Phenomenology (hep-ph); Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall); High Energy Physics — Theory (hep-th); Nuclear Theory (nucl-th); Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
arXiv:
2411.11957 [pdf]
PRD(2025)·7 citations
07
[Submitted on 18 Nov 2024] (cross-list from astro-ph.HE)
Black Hole Supernovae, their Equation of State Dependence and Ejecta Composition
Oliver Eggenberger Andersen · Evan O'Connor · Haakon Andresen · André da Silva Schneider · Sean M. Couch
Recent literature on core-collapse supernovae suggests that a black hole (BH) can form within $\sim 1$ s of shock revival, while still culminating in a successful supernova. We refer to these as black hole supernovae, as they are distinct from other BH formation channels in both timescale and impact on the explosion. We simulate these events self-consistently from core-collapse until $20 - 50$ days after collapse using three axisymmetric models of a $60$ M $_{⊙}$ zero-age main sequence progenitor star and investigate how the composition of the ejecta is impacted by the BH formation. We employ Skyrme-type equations of state (EOSs) and vary the uncertain nucleonic effective mass, which affects the pressure inside the proto-neutron star through the thermal part of the EOS. This results in different BH formation times and explosion energies at BH formation, yielding final explosion energies between $0.06 - 0.72 \times 1 0^{51}$ erg with $21.8 - 23.3$ M $_{⊙}$ of ejecta, of which $0 - 0.018$ M $_{⊙}$ is $^{56}$ Ni. Compared to expectations from 1D simulations, we find a more nuanced EOS dependence of the explosion dynamics, the mass of the BH remnant, and the elemental composition of the ejecta. We investigate why the explosions survive despite the massive overburden and link the shape of the diagnostic energy curve and character of the ejecta evolution to the progenitor structure.
Comments:
25 pages, 17 figures
Subjects:
High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE); General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc); Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
arXiv:
2411.11969 [pdf]
ApJ(2025)·27 citations
08
[Submitted on 18 Nov 2024] (cross-list from hep-ph)
Non-linear dynamics of jet quenching
Yacine Mehtar-Tani🇺🇸
We develop a comprehensive analytic framework for jet quenching in QCD media, based on a medium-induced parton cascade sourced by collinear virtual splittings. We show that the energy flow out of the jet cone, driven by turbulent gluon cascades, is governed by a non-linear rate equation that resums gluon splittings at arbitrary angles and is enhanced by the medium length, $L$ . The solution of this equation sets the initial condition for a non-linear DGLAP-like evolution equation, which describes the collinear early vacuum cascade resolved by the medium at angles exceeding the medium resolution angle, $θ_{c}$ . For asymptotic jet energies, the medium-induced cascade displays an exponential behavior that generalizes the Poisson-like distribution of parton energy loss. This formulation enables the resummation of leading contributions in $α_{s} ln (1/ R)$ , and $α_{s} ln (R / θ_{c})$ , and powers of $α_{s} L$ . We briefly explore the limit of strong quenching, where analytic treatments are feasible, offering insights into the impact of parton cascades on jet quenching. These results provide guidance for future numerical simulations and analytical investigations.
Comments:
32 pages, 5 figures
Subjects:
High Energy Physics — Phenomenology (hep-ph); Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
arXiv:
2411.11992 [pdf]
JHEP(2025)·11 citations
09
[Submitted on 19 Nov 2024] (cross-list from hep-ph)
Fate of $Σ_{c}$ , $Ξ_{c}^{'}$ and $Ω_{c}$ baryons at high temperature with chiral restoration
Daiki Suenaga🇯🇵 · Makoto Oka🇯🇵
Masses of the singly heavy baryons (SHBs), composed of a heavy quark and a light diquark, are studied from the viewpoints of heavy-quark spin symmetry (HQSS) and chiral-symmetry restoration at finite temperature. We consider the light diquarks with spin-parity $J^{P} = 0^{\pm}$ and $1^{\pm}$ . Medium corrections to the SHBs are provided through the diquarks whereas the heavy quark is simply regarded as a spectator. The chiral dynamics of the diquark are described by the Nambu-Jona-Lasinio (NJL) model having (pseudo)scalar-type and (axial)vector-type four-point interactions and the six-point ones responsible for the $U (1)_{A}$ axial anomaly. The divergences are handled by means of the three-dimensional proper-time regularization with both ultraviolet and infrared cutoffs included, in order to eliminate unphysical imaginary parts. As a result, the mass degeneracies between the parity partners of all the SHBs are predicted in accordance with the chiral restoration. In particular, the HQS-doublet SHBs exhibit clear mass degeneracies due to the absence of the direct anomaly effects. We also predict a mass degeneracy of $Σ_{c}$ and $Ω_{c}$ above the pseudocritical temperature $T_{pc}$ of chiral restoration, which results in a peculiar mass hierarchy for positive-parity HQS-doublet SHBs where $Ξ_{c}^{'}$ becomes heavier than $Ω_{c}$ Besides, it is found that the decay width of $Σ_{c} \to Λ_{c} π$ vanishes above $T_{pc}$ reflecting a closing of the threshold. The predicted modifications of masses and decay widths of the SHBs are expected to provide future heavy-ion collision experiments and lattice simulations with useful information on chiral dynamics of the diquarks.
Comments:
21 pages, and 6 figures
Subjects:
High Energy Physics — Phenomenology (hep-ph); Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
arXiv:
2411.12172 [pdf]
PRD(2025)·9 citations
10
[Submitted on 19 Nov 2024] (cross-list from hep-ph)
Compositeness of hadrons, nuclei, and atomic systems
Tomona Kinugawa🇯🇵 · Tetsuo Hyodo🇯🇵
Recent observations of exotic hadrons have stimulated the theoretical investigation of the internal structure of hadrons. While all hadrons are ultimately composed of quarks and gluons bound by the strong interaction, quark clustering phenomena can generate hadronic molecules -- weakly bound systems of hadrons -- which are expected to emerge near two-hadron thresholds. However, it should be noted that a pure hadronic molecule is not realized, as the strong interaction induces mixing with other possible configurations. The compositeness of hadrons has been developed as a promising concept to quantitatively characterize the fraction of the hadronic molecular component. Here we summarize the modern understanding of the compositeness to study the internal structure of hadrons and review the application of the compositeness to various quantum systems in different energy scales, such as nuclei and atomic systems, in addition to hadrons.
Comments:
21 pages, 3 tables, published version
Subjects:
High Energy Physics — Phenomenology (hep-ph); Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
arXiv:
2411.12285 [pdf]
EPJA(2025)·30 citations
11
[Submitted on 19 Nov 2024] (cross-list from hep-ph)
Small- $x$ evolution of dipole amplitude in momentum space: forward--off-forward correspondence
Sanskriti Agrawal🇮🇳 · Raktim Abir🇮🇳
We have shown that the small- $x$ evolution of the off-forward leading-log dipole scattering amplitudes, both pomeron and odderon, in the momentum space can be completely determined by the evolution of the respective forward amplitudes, with rescaled momenta. In position space, if there is translation symmetry (assumption of a large nucleus), the dipole cross section depends on the positions of quarks and anti-quarks only through their separation. The present study is an equivalent proposition in the momentum space -- where translation symmetry in momentum bifurcates the amplitudes into two translationally symmetric functions along the $k$ line in the $k - Δ$ plane. It also shows that high energy evolutions of dipole GTMDs can be achieved only by studying the evolution of dipole TMDs at small- $x$ .
Subjects:
High Energy Physics — Phenomenology (hep-ph); High Energy Physics — Lattice (hep-lat); Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
arXiv:
2411.12497 [pdf]
PRD(2025)·2 citations
12
[Submitted on 19 Nov 2024] (cross-list from hep-ph)
Nucleon relativistic weak-neutral axial-vector four-current distributions
Yi Chen🇨🇳
Relativistic full weak-neutral axial-vector four-current distributions inside a general spin- $\frac{1}{2}$ hadron are systematically studied for the first time, where the second-class current contribution associated with the induced pseudotensor form factor (FF) is included. We clearly demonstrate that the 3D axial charge distribution, being parity-odd in the Breit frame, is in fact related to the induced pseudotensor FF $G_{T}^{Z} (Q^{2})$ rather than the axial FF $G_{A}^{Z} (Q^{2})$ . We study the frame-dependence of full axial-vector four-current distributions for a moving hadron, and compare them with their light-front counterparts. We revisit the role played by the Melosh rotation, and understand more easily and intuitively the origins of distortions appearing in light-front distributions (relative to the Breit frame ones) using the conjecture that we propose in this work. In particular, we show that the second-class current contribution, although explicitly included, does not contribute in fact to the mean-square axial and spin radii. We finally illustrate our results in the case of a proton using the weak-neutral axial-vector FFs extracted from experimental data.
Comments:
39 pages, 9 figures
Subjects:
High Energy Physics — Phenomenology (hep-ph); Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
arXiv:
2411.12521 [pdf]
JHEP(2025)·6 citations
13
[Submitted on 19 Nov 2024] (cross-list from hep-ph)
Bose-Einstein condensation in a rigidly rotating relativistic boson gas
E. Siri🇮🇷 · N. Sadooghi🇮🇷
We study the Bose-Einstein condensation (BEC) of a free Bose gas under rigid rotation. The aim is to explore the impact of rotation on the thermodynamic quantities associated with BEC, including the Bose-Einstein (BE) transition temperature and condensate fraction. We begin by introducing the rotation in the Lagrangian density of free charged Klein-Gordon fields and determine the corresponding grand canonical partition function at finite temperature, chemical potential, and finite angular velocity. Assuming slow rotation, we derive analytical expressions for the pressure, energy, number, and angular momentum densities of a free Bose gas in nonrelativistic and ultrarelativistic limits in terms of the corresponding fugacities. We then focus on the phenomenon of BEC. We calculate the critical temperature of BEC transition and the condensate fraction in a slowly rotating Bose gas including only particles. Our findings indicate that the critical exponent associated with the BE transition in a rotating gas is lower compared to that in a nonrotating Bose gas. We also determine the fugacity in a rotating Bose gas in the aforementioned limits and examine how rotation affects its temperature dependence, both below and above the critical temperature. By analyzing the behavior of heat capacity at these temperatures, we demonstrate that in a nonrelativistic Bose gas, the rotation transforms the nature of the BE phase transition from a continuous to a discontinuous transition. In general, we find that a nonrelativistic Bose gas under rotation behaves similarly to a nonrotating Bose gas in ultrarelativistic limit.
Comments:
V1: 21 pages, 10 figures; V2: Typos corrected, References updated, accepted for publication in PRD (2025)
Subjects:
High Energy Physics — Phenomenology (hep-ph); Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas); High Energy Physics — Theory (hep-th); Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
arXiv:
2411.12581 [pdf]
PRD(2025)·10 citations
14
[Submitted on 19 Nov 2024] (cross-list from hep-ph)
Associated jet + electroweak gauge boson production in hadronic collisions at forward rapidities in the color-dipole $S$ -matrix framework
Yan B. Bandeira🇧🇷 · Victor P. Goncalves🇧🇷 · Wolfgang Schäfer🇵🇱
The cross-section for the associated production of a jet with an electroweak gauge boson ( $G = W^{\pm}, Z^{0}, γ$ ) at forward rapidities in $pp$ and $p A$ collisions is derived within the color - dipole $S$ - matrix framework. We present the full expressions for the differential cross-section of the $q p \to Gq X$ process in the transverse momentum space, considering the longitudinal and transverse polarizations of the gauge boson. We demonstrate that the final formulae can be expressed in terms of the unintegrated gluon distribution and reproduce previous results for the associated jet + $γ$ and jet + $Z^{0}$ production, derived using other frameworks. Moreover, we derive the back - to - back correlation limit of the spectra and show that it can be expressed in terms of the unpolarized and linearly polarized transverse momentum gluon distributions. Our results improve the description of the inclusive jet plus color neutral particle production at forward rapidities, not far from the proton fragmentation region, in $pp$ or $p A$ collisions, and are the main ingredient to study the impact of nonlinear QCD effects in two - particle correlations.
Comments:
13 pages, 1 figure. Improved version to be published in Physical Review D
Subjects:
High Energy Physics — Phenomenology (hep-ph); Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
arXiv:
2411.12675 [pdf]
PRD(2025)·2 citations

Affiliations

first authorsco-authorsvia INSPIRE