Nuclear Theory·nucl-th

Tuesday·November 19, 2024

21 papers—9 primary·12 cross-listed

10
[Submitted on 15 Nov 2024] (cross-list from hep-ph)
Detecting the QCD axion via the ferroaxionic force with piezoelectric materials
Asimina Arvanitaki🇨🇦 · Jonathan Engel🇺🇸 · Andrew A. Geraci🇺🇸 · Alexander Hepburn🇨🇦 · Amalia Madden🇺🇸 · Ken Van Tilburg🇺🇸
We show that piezoelectric materials can be used to source virtual QCD axions, generating a new axion-mediated force. Spontaneous parity violation within the piezoelectric crystal combined with time-reversal violation from aligned spins provide the necessary symmetry breaking to produce an effective in-medium scalar coupling of the axion to nucleons up to 7 orders of magnitude larger than that in vacuum. We propose a detection scheme based on nuclear spin precession caused by the axion's pseudoscalar coupling to nuclear spins. This signal is resonantly enhanced when the distance between the source crystal and the spin sample is modulated at the spin precession frequency. Using this effect, future experimental setups can be sensitive to the QCD axion in the unexplored mass range from $1 0^{- 5} eV$ to $1 0^{- 2} eV$ .
Comments:
5+4 pages, 3+1 figures V2: matches published version
Subjects:
High Energy Physics — Phenomenology (hep-ph); High Energy Physics — Experiment (hep-ex); Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
arXiv:
2411.10516 [pdf]
PRL(2026)·7 citations
11
[Submitted on 15 Nov 2024] (cross-list from astro-ph.HE)
Star Log-extended eMulation: a method for efficient computation of the Tolman-Oppenheimer-Volkoff equations
Sudhanva Lalit · Alexandra C. Semposki · Joshua M. Maldonado
We emulate the Tolman-Oppenheimer-Volkoff (TOV) equations, including tidal deformability, for neutron stars using a new method based upon the Dynamic Mode Decomposition (DMD). This method, which we call Star Log-extended eMulation (SLM), utilizes the underlying logarithmic behavior of the differential equations to enable accurate emulation of the nonlinear system. We show predictions for well-known equations of state (EOSs) with fixed parameters using the SLM, accurately recreating high-fidelity results while achieving a computational speed-up of $\approx 2.4 \times 1 0^{4}$ . We test our parametric SLM method for a two-parameter quarkyonic EOS against high-fidelity RK4 TOV calculations and find a computational speedup of $\approx 7.0 \times 1 0^{4}$ . Hence, SLM is an efficient emulator for the numerous TOV evaluations required by multi-messenger astrophysical frameworks that infer constraints on the EOS. The ability of the SLM algorithm to learn a mapping between parameters of the EOS and subsequent neutron star properties also opens up potential extensions for assisting in computationally prohibitive uncertainty quantification (UQ) for any type of EOS. The source code for the methods employed in this work is openly available in a public GitHub repository for community modification and use.
Comments:
13 pages, 3 figures, 4 tables
Subjects:
High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE); General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc); Nuclear Theory (nucl-th); Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
arXiv:
2411.10556 [pdf]
PRResearch(2025)·6 citations
12
[Submitted on 15 Nov 2024] (cross-list from nucl-ex)
Large quadrupole deformation in $^{20}$ Ne challenges rotor model and modern theory: urging for $α$ clusters in nuclei
C. V. Mehl🇿🇦 · J. N. Orce🇿🇦 · C. Ngwetsheni🇿🇦 · P. Marević🇭🇷 · B. A. Brown🇺🇸 · J. D. Holt🇨🇦 · M. Kumar Raju🇿🇦 · E. A. Lawrie🇿🇦 · K. J. Abrahams🇿🇦 · P. Adsley🇿🇦 · E. H. Akakpo🇿🇦 · R. A. Bark🇿🇦 and 22 other authors
The spectroscopic quadrupole moment of the first excited state, $Q_{_{S}} (2_{1}^{+})$ , at 1.634 MeV in $^{20}$ Ne was determined from sensitive reorientation-effect Coulomb-excitation measurements using a heavy target and safe energies well below the Coulomb barrier. Particle- $γ$ coincidence measurements were collected at iThemba LABS with a digital data-acquisition system using the {\sc AFRODITE} array coupled to an annular, doubled-sided silicon detector. A precise value of $Q_{_{S}} (2_{1}^{+}) = - 0.22 (2)$ eb was determined at backward angles in agreement with the only safe-energy measurement prior to this work, $Q_{_{S}} (2_{1}^{+}) = - 0.23 (8)$ eb. This result adopts 1 $ℏ ω$ shell-model calculations of the nuclear dipole polarizability of the 2 $_{1}^{+}$ state that contributes to the effective quadrupole interaction and determination of $Q_{_{S}} (2_{1}^{+})$ . It disagrees, however, with the ideal rotor model for axially-symmetric nuclei by almost $3 σ$ . Larger discrepancies are computed by modern state-of-the-art calculations performed in this and prior work, including {\it ab initio} shell model with chiral effective interactions and the multi-reference relativistic energy density functional ({\sc MR-EDF}) model. The intrinsic nucleon density of the 2 $_{1}^{+}$ state in $^{20}$ Ne calculated with the {\sc MR-EDF} model illustrates the presence of $α$ clustering, which explains the largest discrepancy with the rotor model found in the nuclear chart and motivates the explicit inclusion of $α$ clustering for full convergence of $E 2$ collective properties.
Comments:
8 pages, 8 figures
Subjects:
Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex); High Energy Physics — Experiment (hep-ex); Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
arXiv:
2411.10598 [pdf]
PRC(2025)·2 citations
13
[Submitted on 16 Nov 2024] (cross-list from hep-ph)
Self-consistent thermodynamical treatment for quark matter in quasi-particle model at finite temperature
Suman Pal🇮🇳 · Gargi Chaudhuri🇮🇳
In this work, we have studied the medium effects in strange quark matter in the framework of a grand-canonical ensemble using the phenomenological quasi-particle model. This model is studied with proper self-consistent thermodynamical treatment by incorporating chemical potential-dependent quark mass. We have also included the vector interaction in a self-consistent way. The main aim of this work is to explore the proper thermodynamic treatment in addressing the medium effects at both zero and finite temperatures. In the case of the finite temperature, we explore the study of self-consistent thermodynamics in the isothermal as well as the isentropic processes. The effect of finite temperature and lepton fraction have been studied on the equation of state, speed of sound, and particle fraction. The $M - R$ and $M - Λ$ diagrams are found to be consistent with the observational constraints.
Subjects:
High Energy Physics — Phenomenology (hep-ph); High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE); Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
arXiv:
2411.10735 [pdf]
PRD(2024)·7 citations
14
[Submitted on 17 Nov 2024] (cross-list from nucl-ex)
Measurement of enhanced electric dipole transition strengths at high spin in $^{100}$ Ru: Possible observation of octupole deformation
A. Karmakar · Nazira Nazir · P. Datta · J. A. Sheikh · S. Jehangir · G. H. Bhat · S. S. Nayak · Soumik Bhattacharya · Suchorita Paul · Snigdha Pal · S. Bhattacharyya · G. Mukherjee and 10 other authors
The majority of atomic nuclei have deformed shapes and nearly all these shapes are symmetric with respect to reflection. There are only a few reflection asymmetric pear-shaped nuclei that have been found in actinide and lanthanide regions, which have static octupole deformation. These nuclei possess an intrinsic electric dipole moment due to the shift between the center of charge and the center of mass. This manifests in the enhancement of the electric dipole transition rates. In this article, we report on the measurement of the lifetimes of the high spin levels of the two alternate parity bands in $^{100}$ Ru through the Doppler Shift Attenuation Method. The estimated electric dipole transition rates have been compared with the calculated transition rates using the triaxial projected shell model without octupole deformation, and are found to be an order of magnitude enhanced. Thus, the observation of seven inter-leaved electric dipole transitions with enhanced rates establish $^{100}$ Ru as possibly the first octupole deformed nucleus reported in the A $\approx$ 100 mass region.
Subjects:
Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex); Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
arXiv:
2411.10976 [pdf]
PRC(2024)·2 citations
15
[Submitted on 17 Nov 2024] (cross-list from astro-ph.HE)
Evidence of non-Solar elemental composition in the clocked X-ray burster SRGA J144459.2 $-$ 604207
Akira Dohi · Nobuya Nishimura · Ryosuke Hirai · Tomoshi Takeda · Wataru Iwakiri · Toru Tamagawa · Amira Aoyama · Teruaki Enoto · Satoko Iwata · Yo Kato · Takao Kitaguchi · Tatehiro Mihara and 4 other authors
In February and March 2024, a series of many Type I X-ray bursts from the accreting neutron star SRGA J144459.2 $-$ 604207, which has been identified by multiple X-ray satellites, with the first reports coming from INTEGRAL and NinjaSat. These observations reveal that after exhibiting very regular behavior as a ``clocked'' burster, the peak luminosity of the SRGA J144459.2 $-$ 604207 X-ray bursts shows a gradual decline. The observed light curves exhibit a short plateau feature, potentially with a double peak, followed by a rapid decay in the tail-features unlike those seen in previously observed clocked bursters. In this study, we calculate a series of multizone X-ray burst models with various compositions of accreted matter, specifically varying the mass fractions of hydrogen ( $X$ ), helium ( $Y$ ), and heavier CNO elements or metallicity ( $Z_{CNO}$ ). We demonstrate that a model with higher $Z_{CNO}$ and/or lower $X / Y$ compared to the solar values can reproduce the observed behavior of SRGA J144459.2 $-$ 604207. Therefore, we propose that this new X-ray burster is likely the first clocked burster with non-solar elemental compositions. Moreover, based on the X-ray burst light curve morphology in the decline phase observed by NinjaSat, a He-enhanced model with $X / Y \approx 1.5$ seems preferred over high-metallicity cases. We also give a brief discussion on the implications for the neutron star mass, binary star evolution, inclination angle, and the potential for a high-metallicity scenario, the last of which is closely related to the properties of the hot CNO cycle.
Comments:
7 pages, 5 figures, accepted for publication in PASJ Letter
Subjects:
High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE); Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR); Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
arXiv:
2411.10993 [pdf]
Publ.Astron.Soc.Jap.(2025)·6 citations
16
[Submitted on 17 Nov 2024] (cross-list from hep-ph)
Simultaneous Estimation of Elliptic Flow Coefficient and Impact Parameter in Heavy-Ion Collisions using CNN
Praveen Murali🇮🇳 · Sadhana Dash🇮🇳 · Basanta Kumar Nandi🇮🇳
A deep learning based method with Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) algorithm is developed for simultaneous determination of the Elliptic Flow coefficient ( $v_{2}$ ) and the Impact Parameter in Heavy-Ion Collisions at relativistic energies. The proposed CNN is trained on Pb $-$ Pb collisions at $s_{N N}$ = 5.02 TeV with minimum biased events simulated with the AMPT event generator. A total of twelve models were built on different input and output combinations and their performances were evaluated. The predictions of the CNN models were compared to the estimations of the simulated and experimental data. The deep learning model seems to preserve the centrality and $p_{T}$ dependence of $v_{2}$ at the LHC energy together with predicting successfully the impact parameter with low margins of error. This is the first time a CNN is built to predict both $v_{2}$ and the impact parameter simultaneously in heavy-ion system.
Comments:
First simultaneous estimate of elliptic flow and impact parameter using CNN
Subjects:
High Energy Physics — Phenomenology (hep-ph); Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex); Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
arXiv:
2411.11001 [pdf]
1 citation
17
[Submitted on 18 Nov 2024] (cross-list from hep-ph)
New multinucleon knockout model in NuWro Monte Carlo generator
Hemant Prasad🇵🇱 · Jan T. Sobczyk🇵🇱 · Artur M. Ankowski🇵🇱 · J. Luis Bonilla🇵🇱 · Rwik Dharmapal Banerjee🇵🇱 · Krzysztof M. Graczyk🇵🇱 · Beata E. Kowal🇵🇱
We present the implementation and results of a new model for the n-particle n-hole ( $np - nh$ ) contribution in the NuWro event generator, grounded in the theoretical framework established by the Valencia group in 2020. For the $2p2h$ component, we introduce a novel nucleon sampling function with tunable parameters to approximate correlations in the momenta of outgoing nucleons. These parameters are calibrated by comparing our results to those of the Valencia model across a range of incoming neutrino energies. In addition, our model incorporates a distinct contribution from the $3p3h$ mechanism. We discuss the differences between the new NuWro implementation, the original Valencia model, and the previous NuWro version, focusing on the distribution of outgoing nucleon momenta. Finally, we assess the impact of the hadronic model on experimental analyses involving hadronic observables.
Comments:
17 pages, 11 figures
Subjects:
High Energy Physics — Phenomenology (hep-ph); High Energy Physics — Experiment (hep-ex); Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
arXiv:
2411.11523 [pdf]
PRD(2025)·16 citations
18
[Submitted on 18 Nov 2024] (cross-list from hep-ph)
Prospective report of the French QCD community to the ESPPU 2025 with respect to the program of the LHC Run 5 and beyond and future colliders at CERN
Carolina Arata🇫🇷 · François Arleo🇫🇷 · Benjamin Audurier🇫🇷 · Alberto Baldisseri🇫🇷 · Nicole Bastid🇫🇷 · Guillaume Batigne🇫🇷 · Iouri Belikov🇫🇷 · Marcus Bluhm🇫🇷 · Francesco Bossu🇫🇷 · Hervé Borel🇫🇷 · Renaud Boussarie · Javier Castillo Castellanos🇫🇷 and 50 other authors
This document summarizes the prospective physics plans of the French QCD and Heavy-Ion community, including the experimental programs at the LHC Run 5 and beyond and future colliders at CERN, within the context of the French contribution to the update of the European Strategy in Particle Physics (ESPPU 2025), as discussed in the workshop on European Strategy for Particle Physics Update 2025 organised by the QCD GdR in Oct. 2024.
Comments:
6.5 pages without title page and without references, no figures. Keywords: QCD, Heavy Ions, Quark Gluon Plasma, LHC, FCC
Subjects:
High Energy Physics — Phenomenology (hep-ph); High Energy Physics — Experiment (hep-ex); Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex); Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
arXiv:
2411.11669 [pdf]
0 citations
19
[Submitted on 18 Nov 2024] (cross-list from hep-ph)
Exotic phases in finite-density $Z_{3}$ theories
Michael C. Ogilvie🇺🇸 · Moses A. Schindler🇺🇸 · Stella T. Schindler🇺🇸
Lattice $Z_{3}$ theories with complex actions share many key features with finite-density QCD including a sign problem and $C K$ symmetry. Complex $Z_{3}$ spin and gauge models exhibit a generalized Kramers-Wannier duality mapping them onto chiral $Z_{3}$ spin and gauge models, which are simulatable with standard lattice methods in large regions of parameter space. The Migdal-Kadanoff real-space renormalization group (RG) preserves this duality, and we use it to compute the approximate phase diagram of both spin and gauge $Z_{3}$ models in dimensions one through four. Chiral $Z_{3}$ spin models are known to exhibit a Devil's Flower phase structure, with inhomogeneous phases which can be thought of as $Z_{3}$ analogues of chiral spirals. Out of the large class of models we study, we find that only chiral spin models and their duals have a Devil's Flower structure with an infinite set of inhomogeneous phases, a result we attribute to Elitzur's theorem. We also find that different forms of the Migdal-Kadanoff RG produce different numbers of phases, a violation of the expectation for universal behavior from a real-space RG. We discuss extensions of our work to $Z_{N}$ models, SU( $N$ ) models and nonzero temperature.
Comments:
22 pages, 8 figures. To appear in JHEP
Subjects:
High Energy Physics — Phenomenology (hep-ph); High Energy Physics — Lattice (hep-lat); High Energy Physics — Theory (hep-th); Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
arXiv:
2411.11773 [pdf]
JHEP(2025)·4 citations
20
[Submitted on 18 Nov 2024] (cross-list from hep-ph)
Energy-Energy Correlator for jet production in $pp$ and $p A$ collisions
João Barata🇨🇭 · Zhong-Bo Kang🇺🇸 · Xoán Mayo López🇪🇸 · Jani Penttala🇺🇸
In this Letter, we study the collinear limit of the Energy-Energy Correlator (EEC) in single-inclusive jet production in proton-proton ( $pp$ ) and proton-nucleus ( $p A$ ) collisions. We introduce a non-perturbative model that allows us to describe the EEC in the entire angular region of the current experiments. Our results for $pp$ collisions show excellent agreement with CMS and ALICE data over a wide range of jet transverse momenta. For $p A$ collisions, we include modifications from the nuclear medium, and our predictions align well with the trends observed in recent ALICE measurements.
Comments:
7 pages, 2 figures, 2 pages of supplementary material; v2: updated figures, matches published version
Subjects:
High Energy Physics — Phenomenology (hep-ph); High Energy Physics — Experiment (hep-ex); Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex); Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
arXiv:
2411.11782 [pdf]
PRL(2025)·43 citations
21
[Submitted on 18 Nov 2024] (cross-list from astro-ph.HE)
Let there be neutrons! Hadronic photoproduction from a large flux of high-energy photons
Matthew R. Mumpower · Tsung-Shung H. Lee · Nicole Lloyd-Ronning · Brandon L. Barker · Axel Gross · Samuel Cupp · Jonah M. Miller
We propose that neutrons may be generated in high-energy, high-flux photon environments via photo-induced reactions on pre-existing baryons. These photohadronic interactions are expected to occur in astrophysical jets and surrounding material. Historically, these reactions have been attributed to the production of high-energy cosmic rays and neutrinos. We estimate the photoproduction off of protons in the context of gamma-ray bursts, where it is expected there will be sufficient baryonic material that may be encompassing or entrained in the jet. We show that typical stellar baryonic material, even material completely devoid of neutrons, can become inundated with neutrons in situ via hadronic photoproduction. Consequently, this mechanism provides a means for collapsars and other astrophysical sites containing substantial flux of high-energy photons to be favorable for neutron-capture nucleosynthesis.
Comments:
Published version appearing in ApJ; fixed TSHL's acknowledgements
Subjects:
High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE); Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR); Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
arXiv:
2411.11831 [pdf]
ApJ(2025)·7 citations

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