Nuclear Theory·nucl-th

Wednesday·April 10, 2024

13 papers—5 primary·8 cross-listed

06
[Submitted on 8 Apr 2024] (cross-list from hep-th)
Integral identities and universal relations for solitons
Christoph Adam🇪🇸 · Alberto Garcia Martin-Caro🇪🇸 · Carlos Naya🇪🇸 · Andrzej Wereszczynski🇵🇱
We show that any nonlinear field theory giving rise to static solutions with finite energy like, e.g., topological solitons, allows us to derive an infinite number of integral identities which any such solution has to obey. These integral identities can always be understood as being generated by field transformations and their related Noether currents. We also explain why all integral identities generated by coordinate transformations become trivial for Bogomolnyi-Prasad-Sommerfield (BPS) solitons, i.e., topological solitons which saturate a topological energy bound. Finally, we consider applications of these identities to a broad class of nonlinear scalar theories, including the Skyrme model. More concretely, we find nontrivial integral identities that can be seen as model-independent relations between certain physical properties of the solitons in such theories, and we comment on the possible connection between these new relations and those already found in the context of astrophysical compact objects. We also demonstrate the usefulness of said identities to estimate the precision of the numerical calculation of soliton observables.
Comments:
30 pages, LaTex, v4: improved presentation, typos and an error in Section V corrected
Subjects:
High Energy Physics — Theory (hep-th); General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc); Mathematical Physics (math-ph); math.MP (math.MP); Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
arXiv:
2404.05789 [pdf]
PRD(2024)·4 citations
07
[Submitted on 9 Apr 2024] (cross-list from hep-ph)
Entanglement suppression and low-energy scattering of heavy mesons
Tao-Ran Hu🇨🇳 · Su Chen🇨🇳 · Feng-Kun Guo🇨🇳
Recently entanglement suppression was proposed to be one possible origin of emergent symmetries. Here we test this conjecture in the context of heavy meson scatterings. The low-energy interactions of $D^{(*)} D ˉ^{(*)}$ and $D^{(*)} D^{(*)}$ are closely related to the hadronic molecular candidates $X (3872)$ and $T_{cc} (3875)^{+}$ , respectively, and can be described by a nonrelativistic effective Lagrangian manifesting heavy-quark spin symmetry, which includes only constant contact potentials at leading order. We explore entanglement suppression in a tensor-product framework to treat both the isospin and spin degrees of freedom. Using the $X (3872)$ and $T_{cc} (3875)^{+}$ as inputs, we find that entanglement suppression indeed leads to an emergent symmetry, namely, a light-quark spin symmetry, and as such the $D^{(*)} D ˉ^{(*)}$ or $D^{(*)} D^{(*)}$ interaction strengths for a given total isospin do not depend on the total angular momentum of light (anti)quarks. The $X (3872)$ and $T_{cc} (3875)^{+}$ are predicted to have five and one isoscalar partner, respectively, while the corresponding partner numbers derived solely from heavy-quark spin symmetry are three and one, respectively. The predictions need to be confronted with experimental data and lattice quantum chromodynamics results to further test the entanglement suppression conjecture.
Comments:
28 pages, 3 figures; Version to appear in Phys. Rev. D
Subjects:
High Energy Physics — Phenomenology (hep-ph); High Energy Physics — Experiment (hep-ex); High Energy Physics — Theory (hep-th); Nuclear Theory (nucl-th); Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
arXiv:
2404.05958 [pdf]
PRD(2024)·23 citations
08
[Submitted on 9 Apr 2024] (cross-list from nucl-ex)
Nuclear charge radii of germanium isotopes around $N$ = 40
S. J. Wang🇨🇳 · A. Kanellakopoulos🇧🇪 · X.F. Yang🇨🇳 · S. W. Bai🇨🇳 · J. Billowes🇬🇧 · M. L. Bissell🇬🇧 · K. Blaum🇩🇪 · B. Cheal🇬🇧 · C. S. Devlin🇬🇧 · R. F. Garcia Ruiz🇺🇸 · J. Z. Han🇨🇳 · H. Heylen🇨🇭 and 17 other authors
Collinear laser spectroscopy measurements were performed on $^{68 - 74}$ Ge isotopes ( $Z = 32$ ) at ISOLDE-CERN, by probing the $4 s^{2} 4 p^{2}^{3} P_{1} \to 4 s^{2} 4 p 5 s^{3} P_{1}^{o}$ atomic transition (269~nm) of germanium. Nuclear charge radii are determined via the measured isotope shifts, revealing a larger local variation than the neighboring isotopic chains. Nuclear density functional theory with the Fayans functionals Fy( $Δ r$ ,HFB) and Fy(IVP), and the SV-min Skyrme describes the experimental data for the differential charge radii $δ ⟨ r^{2} ⟩$ and charge radii $R_{c}$ within the theoretical uncertainties. The observed large variation in the charge radii of germanium isotopes is better accounted for by theoretical models incorporating ground state quadrupole correlations. This suggests that the polarization effects due to pairing and deformation contribute to the observed large odd-even staggering in the charge radii of the Ge isotopic chain.
Comments:
6 pages,5 figures
Subjects:
Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex); Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
arXiv:
2404.06046 [pdf]
PLB(2024)·15 citations
09
[Submitted on 9 Apr 2024] (cross-list from hep-ph)
Study of the timelike electromagnetic form factors of the $Λ_{c}$
Di Guo🇨🇳 · Qin-He Yang🇨🇳 · Ling-Yun Dai🇨🇳
In this paper, the reaction of electron-positron annihilation into $Λ_{c}^{+} Λ ˉ_{c}^{-}$ is investigated. The $Λ_{c}^{+} Λ ˉ_{c}^{-}$ scattering amplitudes are obtained by solving the Lippmann-Schwinger equation. The contact, annihilation, and two pseudoscalar-exchange potentials are taken into account in the spirit of the chiral effective field theory. The amplitudes of $e^{+} e^{-} \to Λ_{c}^{+} Λ ˉ_{c}^{-}$ are constructed by the distorted wave Born approximation method, with the final state interactions of the $Λ_{c}^{+} Λ ˉ_{c}^{-}$ re-scattering implemented. By fitting to the experimental data, the unknown couplings are fixed, and high-quality solutions are obtained. With these amplitudes, the individual electromagnetic form factors in the timelike region, $G_{E}^{Λ_{c}}$ , $G_{M}^{Λ_{c}}$ , and their ratio, $G_{E}^{Λ_{c}} / G_{M}^{Λ_{c}}$ , are extracted. Both modulus and phases are predicted. These individual electromagnetic form factors reveal new insights into the properties of the $Λ_{c}$ . The separated contributions of the Born term, contact, annihilation, as well as the two pseudoscalar exchange potentials to the electromagnetic form factors are isolated. It is found that the Born term dominates the whole energy region. The contact term plays a crucial role in the enhancement near the threshold, and the annihilation term is essential in generating the fluctuation of the electromagnetic form factors.
Comments:
9 pages, 7 figures
Subjects:
High Energy Physics — Phenomenology (hep-ph); Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
arXiv:
2404.06191 [pdf]
PRD(2024)·6 citations
10
[Submitted on 9 Apr 2024] (cross-list from hep-ph)
Stress out of charmonia
Siqi Xu🇨🇳 · Xianghui Cao🇨🇳 · Tianyang Hu🇨🇳 · Yang Li🇨🇳 · Xingbo Zhao🇨🇳 · James P. Vary🇺🇸
We investigate the gravitational form factors of charmonium. Our method is based on a Hamiltonian formalism on the light front known as basis light-front quantization. The charmonium mass spectrum and light-front wave functions were obtained from diagonalizing an effective Hamiltonian that incorporates confinement from holographic QCD and one-gluon exchange interaction from light-front QCD. We proposed a quantum many-body approach to construct the hadronic matrix elements of the energy momentum tensor $T^{++}$ and $T^{+-}$ , which are used to extract the gravitational form factors $A (Q^{2})$ and $D (Q^{2})$ . The obtained form factors satisfy the known constraints, e.g. von Laue condition. From these quantities, we also extract the energy, pressure and light-front energy distributions of the system. We find that hadrons are multi-layer systems.
Comments:
19 pages, 9 figures; published in PRD under the title: Gravitational form factors of charmonia; Corrected a few typos in Table I
Subjects:
High Energy Physics — Phenomenology (hep-ph); Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
arXiv:
2404.06259 [pdf]
PRD(2024)·12 citations
11
[Submitted on 9 Apr 2024] (cross-list from hep-ph)
Quantum Simulating Nature's Fundamental Fields
Christian W. Bauer🇺🇸 · Zohreh Davoudi🇺🇸 · Natalie Klco🇺🇸 · Martin J. Savage🇺🇸
Simulating key static and dynamic properties of matter -- from creation in the Big Bang to evolution into sub-atomic and astrophysical environments -- arising from the underlying fundamental quantum fields of the Standard Model and their effective descriptions, lies beyond the capabilities of classical computation alone. Advances in quantum technologies have improved control over quantum entanglement and coherence to the point where robust simulations are anticipated to be possible in the foreseeable future. We discuss the emerging area of quantum simulations of Standard-Model physics, challenges that lie ahead, and opportunities for progress in the context of nuclear and high-energy physics.
Comments:
22 pages, 4 figures, Nature Reviews Physics, Perspective article, version from February 2023
Subjects:
High Energy Physics — Phenomenology (hep-ph); Nuclear Theory (nucl-th); Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
arXiv:
2404.06298 [pdf]
Nature Rev.Phys.(2023)·226 citations
12
[Submitted on 9 Apr 2024] (cross-list from hep-ph)
Three ways to decipher the nature of exotic hadrons: multiplets, three-body hadronic molecules, and correlation functions
Ming-Zhu Liu🇨🇳 · Ya-Wen Pan🇨🇳 · Zhi-Wei Liu🇨🇳 · Tian-Wei Wu🇨🇳 · Jun-Xu Lu🇨🇳 · Li-Sheng Geng🇨🇳
In the past two decades, a plethora of hadronic states beyond the conventional quark model of $q q ˉ$ mesons and $q q q$ baryons have been observed experimentally, which motivated extensive studies to understand their nature and the non-perturbative strong interaction. Since most of these exotic states are near the mass thresholds of a pair of conventional hadrons, the prevailing picture is that they are primarily hadronic molecules. In principle, one can verify the molecular nature of these states by thoroughly comparing their masses, decay widths, and production rates in a particular picture with experimental data. However, this is difficult or impossible. First, quantum mechanics allows for the mixing of configurations allowed by symmetries and quantum numbers. Second, data are relatively scarce because of their small production rates and the many difficulties in the experimental measurements. As a result, other alternatives need to be explored. This review summarizes three such approaches that can help disentangle the nature of the many exotic hadrons discovered. In the first approach, based on the molecular interpretations for some exotic states, we study the likely existence of multiplets of hadronic molecules related by various symmetries, such as isospin symmetry, SU(3)-flavor symmetry, heavy quark spin/flavor symmetry, and heavy antiquark diquark symmetry. In the second approach, starting from some hadronic molecular candidates, one can derive the underlying hadron-hadron interactions. With these interactions, one can study related three-body systems and check whether three-body bound states/resonances exist. In the third approach, one can turn to the femtoscopy technique to derive the hadron-hadron interactions, hence inaccessible. This technique provided an unprecedented opportunity to understand the interactions between unstable hadrons.
Comments:
171 pages, 43 figures; to appear in Physics Reports
Subjects:
High Energy Physics — Phenomenology (hep-ph); High Energy Physics — Experiment (hep-ex); High Energy Physics — Lattice (hep-lat); Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex); Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
arXiv:
2404.06399 [pdf]
Phys.Rept.(2025)·218 citations
13
[Submitted on 9 Apr 2024] (cross-list from hep-lat)
Lattice determination of the Batalin-Vilkovisky function and the strong running interaction
A. C. Aguilar🇧🇷 · N. Brito🇵🇹 · M. N. Ferreira🇪🇸 · J. Papavassiliou🇪🇸 · O. Oliveira🇵🇹 · P. J. Silva🇵🇹
The Batalin-Vilkovisky function is a central component in the modern formulation of the background field method and the physical applications derived from it. In the present work we report on novel lattice results for this particular quantity, obtained by capitalizing on its equality with the Kugo-Ojima function in the Landau gauge. The results of the lattice simulation are in very good agreement with the predictions derived from a continuum analysis based on the corresponding Schwinger-Dyson equations. In addition, we show that an important relation connecting this function with the ghost propagator is fulfilled rather accurately. With the aid of these results, we carry out the first completely lattice-based determination of the process-independent strong running interaction, employed in a variety of phenomenological studies.
Comments:
8 pages, 6 figures
Subjects:
High Energy Physics — Lattice (hep-lat); High Energy Physics — Phenomenology (hep-ph); High Energy Physics — Theory (hep-th); Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
arXiv:
2404.06496 [pdf]
PLB(2024)·5 citations

Affiliations

first authorsco-authorsvia INSPIRE