Nuclear Theory·nucl-th

Tuesday·June 27, 2023

17 papers—6 primary·11 cross-listed

07
[Submitted on 7 Jun 2023] (cross-list from astro-ph.HE)
Framework for Multi-messenger Inference from Neutron Stars: Combining Nuclear Theory Priors
Praveer Tiwari · Dake Zhou · Bhaskar Biswas · Michael McNeil Forbes · Sukanta Bose
We construct an efficient parameterization of the pure neutron-matter equation of state (EoS) that incorporates the uncertainties from both chiral effective field theory ( $χ$ EFT) and phenomenological potential calculations. This parameterization yields a family of EoSs including and extending the forms based purely on these two calculations. In combination with an agnostic inner core EoS, this parameterization is used in a Bayesian inference pipeline to obtain constraints on the e os parameters using multi-messenger observations of neutron stars. We specifically considered observations of the massive pulsar J0740+6620, the binary neutron star coalescence GW170817, and the NICER pulsar J0030+0451. Constraints on neutron star mass-radius relations are obtained and compared. The Bayes factors for the different EoS models are also computed. While current constraints do not reveal any significant preference among these models, the framework developed here may enable future observations with more sensitive detectors to discriminate them.
Subjects:
High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE); Nuclear Theory (nucl-th); Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
arXiv:
2306.04386 [pdf]
6 citations
08
[Submitted on 23 Jun 2023] (cross-list from hep-ph)
The van der Waals Hexaquark Chemical Potential in Dense Stellar Matter
Keith Andrew🇺🇸 · Eric V. Steinfelds🇺🇸 · Kristopher A. Andrew🇺🇸
We explore the chemical potential of a QCD-motivated van der Waals (VDW) phase change model for the six-quark color-singlet, strangeness S=-2 particle known as the hexaquark with quark content (uuddss). The hexaquark may have internal structure, indicated by short range correlations, that allow for non-color-singlet diquark and triquark configurations whose interactions will change the magnitude of the chemical potential. In the multicomponent VDW Equation of State (EoS), the quark-quark particle interaction terms are sensitive to the QCD color factor, causing the pairing of these terms to give different interaction strengths for their respective contributions to the chemical potential. This results in a critical temperature near 163 MeV for the color-singlet states and tens of MeV below this for various diquark and triquark states. The VDW chemical potential is also sensitive to the number density, leading to chemical potential isotherms that exhibit spinodal extrema, which also depend on the internal hexaquark configurations. These extrema determine regions of metastability for the mixed states near the critical point. We use this chemical potential with the chemical potential modified TOV equations to investigate the properties of hexaquark formation in cold compact stellar cores in beta equilibrium. We find thresholds for the hexaquark layers and changes in the maximum mass values that are consistent with observations from high mass compact stellar objects such as PSR 09043 + 10 and GW 190814. In general, we find that the VDW-TOV model has an upper stability mass and radius bound for a chemical potential of 1340 MeV with a compactness C~0.2.
Comments:
13 pages, 6 figures
Subjects:
High Energy Physics — Phenomenology (hep-ph); High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE); Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
arXiv:
2306.13733 [pdf]
Particles(2023)·5 citations
09
[Submitted on 23 Jun 2023] (cross-list from hep-ph)
Thermalization and isotropization of heavy quarks in a non-Markovian medium in high-energy nuclear collisions
Pooja🇮🇳 · Santosh K.Das🇮🇳 · Vincenzo Greco🇮🇹 · Marco Ruggieri🇮🇹
We study the isotropization and thermalization of heavy quarks in a non-Markovian medium in high energy nuclear collisions. In particular, we analyze the case of a non-stationary medium with a noise whose time-correlator decays as a power law (heavy tailed noise). We assume the correlations decay with an exponent $β - 1$ , $0 \leq β < 1$ ; we treat $β$ as a free parameter. We analyze the effect of memory on the thermalization and isotropization of heavy quarks in the medium via a generalized Langevin equation. In general, we find that memory slows down the dynamics of heavy quarks; moreover, thermalization and isotropization happen on the same time scale once a realistic initialization is considered. We also find that while the effect on charm quarks can be relevant, beauty quarks are hardly affected by memory in the quark-gluon plasma phase. Finally, we comment on the effect of memory on the estimate of $D_{s}$ of charm and beauty.
Subjects:
High Energy Physics — Phenomenology (hep-ph); High Energy Physics — Lattice (hep-lat); Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
arXiv:
2306.13749 [pdf]
PRD(2023)·21 citations
10
[Submitted on 24 Jun 2023] (cross-list from hep-ph)
Causality and stability analysis for the minimal causal spin hydrodynamics
Xin-Qing Xie🇨🇳 · Dong-Lin Wang🇨🇳 · Chen Yang🇨🇳 · Shi Pu🇨🇳
We perform the linear analysis of causality and stability for a minimal extended spin hydrodynamics up to second order of the gradient expansion. The first order spin hydrodynamics, with a rank-3 spin tensor being antisymmetric for only the last two indices, are proved to be acausal and unstable. We then consider the minimal causal spin hydrodynamics up to second order of the gradient expansion. We derive the necessary causality and stability conditions for this minimal causal spin hydrodynamics. Interestingly, the satisfaction of the stability conditions relies on the equations of state for the spin density and chemical potentials. Moreover, different with the conventional relativistic dissipative hydrodynamics, the stability of the theory seems to be broken at the finite wave-vector when the stability conditions are fulfilled at small and large wave-vector limits. It implies that the behavior in small and large wave-vector limits may be insufficient to determine the stability conditions for spin hydrodynamics in linear mode analysis.
Comments:
45 pages, 2 figures, typos corrected, published version
Subjects:
High Energy Physics — Phenomenology (hep-ph); Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
arXiv:
2306.13880 [pdf]
PRD(2023)·48 citations
11
[Submitted on 24 Jun 2023] (cross-list from hep-ph)
Electromagnetic Transition Form Factors of Baryon Resonances
G. Ramalho🇰🇷 · M.T. Peña🇵🇹
Recent experimental and theoretical advancements have led to significant progress in our understanding of the electromagnetic structure of nucleons ( $N$ ), nucleon excitations ( $N^{*}$ ), and other baryons. These breakthroughs have been made possible by the capabilities of modern facilities, enabling the induction of photo- and electro-excitation of nucleon resonances. Recent experimental advances have sparked notable developments in theoretical approaches. New theoretical methods have been tested and proven to be robust, marking the beginning of a new era in our understanding on baryons. We present a comprehensive review of progress in experimental data on $γ^{*} N \to N^{*}$ reactions. Additionally, we discuss various analyses and theoretical results. Some of these methods have matured in their predictive power, offering new perspectives on exotic hadrons with multiquark components. We place special emphasis on both the low- $Q^{2}$ and large- $Q^{2}$ regions to reinforce crucial physical constraints on observables that hold in these limits. Furthermore, we illustrate that the combination of lattice QCD with chiral effective field theory and quark models, respectively, proves beneficial in interpreting data and applying constraints within those different regimes. As a practical contribution and for future reference, we review the formulas for helicity amplitudes, multipole form factors and the relations between these two sets of functions for transitions to resonances with general spin $J \geq \frac{1}{2}$ . These formulas are ubiquitous and play a pivotal role in experimental and theoretical studies on baryon structure. Notably, the multipole transition form factors for $J \geq \frac{3}{2}$ resonances serve as valuable tools to test perturbative QCD results in the large- $Q^{2}$ region, thanks to the correlations between electric and magnetic transition form factors.
Comments:
Published in Prog.Part.Nucl.Phys. Version with larger fonts. 124 pages, 41 figures, 6 tables. Small corrections in the text. Updated bibliography
Subjects:
High Energy Physics — Phenomenology (hep-ph); High Energy Physics — Experiment (hep-ex); High Energy Physics — Lattice (hep-lat); Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex); Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
arXiv:
2306.13900 [pdf]
PPNP(2024)·52 citations
12
[Submitted on 26 Jun 2023] (cross-list from nucl-ex)
Understanding Excitations in $^{59, 61}$ Co, $^{59}$ Ni
Samuel Ajayi · Vandana Tripathi · E. Rubino · Soumik Bhattacharya · L. T. Baby · R. S. Lubna · C. Benetti · Catur Wibisono · MacMillan B. Wheeler · S. L. Tabor · Yutaka Utsuno · Noritaka Shimizu · J. M. Allmond
High spin states in $^{59}$ Co ( $Z = 27$ ), $^{59}$ Ni ( $Z = 28$ ) and $^{61}$ Co have been populated by the fusion evaporation reactions, $^{48}$ Ti( $^{14}$ C, p2n) $^{59}$ Co, $^{48}$ Ti( $^{14}$ C, 3n) $^{59}$ Ni, and $^{50}$ Ti( $^{14}$ C, p2n) $^{61}$ Co. The 9 MV tandem accelerator at the John D Fox Laboratory, Florida State University (FSU) was used to accelerate the $^{14}$ C beam and the de-exciting $γ$ rays were detected by the FSU detector array consisting of six High Purity Germanium (HPGe) clover detectors, and three single crystals. Directional correlation of the $γ$ rays de-exciting oriented states (DCO ratios) and polarization asymmetry measurements helped to establish spin and parities of the excited states whenever possible. The level scheme of $^{59}$ Co has been expanded with the inclusion of positive parity states up to 31/2 $^{+}$ at around 11 MeV. The $^{59}$ Ni positive parity states known from previous study were verified with modifications to some of the spins and parities. On the other hand, the negative parity states were extended to 31/2 at an excitation energy of 12 MeV. No new transition was observed for $^{61}$ Co, but one of the major bands has been reassigned as consisting of positive parity states by reason of this study which is a candidate for magnetic rotation band. Cross shell excitations were observed in the three nuclei studied and the prominent role of excitation to g $_{9/2}$ orbital crossing the $N = 40$ shell gap was established in relation to collective excitation in these nuclei by comparison with large-scale shell model calculations.
Subjects:
Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex); Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
arXiv:
2306.14368 [pdf]
0 citations
13
[Submitted on 26 Jun 2023] (cross-list from hep-ph)
Revisiting Theoretical Analysis of Electric Dipole Moment of $^{129}$ Xe
B. K. Sahoo🇮🇳 · Nodoka Yamanaka🇯🇵 · Kota Yanase🇯🇵
Linear response approach to the relativistic coupled-cluster (RCC) theory has been extended to estimate contributions from the parity and time-reversal violating pseudoscalar-scalar (Ps-S) and scalar-pseudoscalar (S-Ps) electron-nucleus interactions along with electric dipole moments (EDMs) of electrons ( $d_{e}$ ) interacting with internal electric and magnetic fields. Random phase approximation (RPA) is also employed to produce results to compare with the earlier reported values and demonstrate importance of the non-RPA contributions arising through the RCC method. It shows that contributions from the S-Ps interactions and $d_{e}$ arising through the hyperfine-induced effects are very sensitive to the contributions from the high-lying virtual orbitals. Combining atomic results with the nuclear shell-model calculations, we impose constraints on the pion-nucleon coupling coefficients, and EDMs of proton and neutron. These results are further used to constrain EDMs and chromo-EDMs of up- and down-quarks by analyzing particle physics models.
Comments:
15 pages including appendix, 8 tables and 1 figure
Subjects:
High Energy Physics — Phenomenology (hep-ph); High Energy Physics — Experiment (hep-ex); Nuclear Theory (nucl-th); Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph); Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
arXiv:
2306.14441 [pdf]
PRA(2023)·6 citations
14
[Submitted on 26 Jun 2023] (cross-list from hep-ph)
Pion condensation in dense QCD, the dilute Bose gas, and speedy Goldstone bosons
Jens O. Andersen🇳🇴 · Qing Yu🇨🇳 · Hua Zhou🇨🇳
We consider pion condensation in QCD at finite isospin density $μ_{I}$ and zero temperature using two-flavor chiral perturbation theory ( $χ$ PT). The pressure is calculated to next-to-leading order (NLO) in the low-energy expansion. In the nonrelativistic limit, we recover the classic result by Lee, Huang, and Yang for the energy density of a dilute Bose gas with an $s$ -wave scattering length that includes loop corrections from $χ$ PT. In the chiral limit, higher-order calculations are tractable. We calculate the pressure to next-to-next-to-leading order (NNLO) in the low-energy expansion, which is an expansion in powers of $μ_{I}^{2} / (4 π)^{2} f^{2}$ , where $f$ is the (bare) pion decay constant. The spontaneous breakdown of the global internal symmetry $U (1)_{I_{3}}$ gives rise to a massless Goldstone boson or phonon. We discuss the properties of the low-energy effective theory describing this mode. Finally, we compare our results for the pressure and the speed of sound with recent lattice simulations with 2+1 flavors. The agreement is very good for isospin chemical potentials up to 180-200 MeV, depending on the physical quantity.
Comments:
11 pages, one figure. V2: few typos fixed and added references. V3: Added two figures of pressure and speed of sound. Comparison with lattice. New abstract. Matches printed version in PRD
Subjects:
High Energy Physics — Phenomenology (hep-ph); Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas); Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
arXiv:
2306.14472 [pdf]
PRD(2024)·13 citations
15
[Submitted on 26 Jun 2023] (cross-list from hep-ph)
Radiative Corrections: From Medium to High Energy Experiments
Andrei Afanasev🇺🇸 · Jan C. Bernauer🇺🇸 · Peter Blunden🇨🇦 · Johannes Blümlein🇩🇪 · Ethan W. Cline🇺🇸 · Jan M. Friedrich🇩🇪 · Franziska Hagelstein🇩🇪 · Tomáš Husek🇸🇪 · Michael Kohl🇺🇸 · Fred Myhrer🇺🇸 · Gil Paz🇺🇸 · Susan Schadmand🇩🇪 and 7 other authors
Radiative corrections are crucial for modern high-precision physics experiments, and are an area of active research in the experimental and theoretical community. Here we provide an overview of the state of the field of radiative corrections with a focus on several topics: lepton-proton scattering, QED corrections in deep-inelastic scattering, and in radiative light-hadron decays. Particular emphasis is placed on the two-photon exchange, believed to be responsible for the proton form-factor discrepancy, and associated Monte-Carlo codes. We encourage the community to continue developing theoretical techniques to treat radiative corrections, and perform experimental tests of these corrections.
Comments:
Review article to be submitted to the EPJ A Topical Collection on radiative corrections. 63 pages, 27 figures, 3 tables
Subjects:
High Energy Physics — Phenomenology (hep-ph); Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex); Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
arXiv:
2306.14578 [pdf]
EPJA(2024)·27 citations
16
[Submitted on 26 Jun 2023] (cross-list from gr-qc)
Tidal heating as a direct probe of strangeness inside neutron stars
Suprovo Ghosh🇮🇳 · Bikram Keshari Pradhan🇮🇳 · Debarati Chatterjee🇮🇳
It has been discussed whether viscous processes in neutron star matter during a binary inspiral can damp out the tidal energy induced by the companion and heat up the star. Earlier investigations concluded that this tidal heating is negligible for normal neutron star matter. In this work, we suggest a novel effect of tidal heating involving strange matter in the neutron star interior, that can significantly heat up the star, and is potentially observable by current and future gravitational wave detectors. We propose that this could serve as a direct probe of strangeness in neutron stars.
Comments:
8 pages, 5 figures, 1 table
Subjects:
General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc); High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE); Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
arXiv:
2306.14737 [pdf]
PRD(2024)·31 citations
17
[Submitted on 26 Jun 2023] (cross-list from hep-ph)
In-medium Electromagnetic Form Factors and Spin Polarizations
Shu Lin🇨🇳 · Jiayuan Tian🇨🇳
We formulate the coupling between fermion spin and background electromagnetic fields using form factors. We show that the vacuum form factors at tree level reproduce the spin polarization effects found in chiral kinetic theory. The vacuum form factors corresponding to spin couplings to perpendicular electric field, parallel and perpendicular magnetic field are degenerate. The degeneracy is expected to be lifted in medium. As an example, we calculate the in-medium QCD radiative correction to the form factors at one-loop order, where we find partial lift of the degeneracy: the spin couplings to parallel and perpendicular magnetic field are different, but the spin couplings to perpendicular electric and parallel magnetic field remain the same.
Subjects:
High Energy Physics — Phenomenology (hep-ph); Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
arXiv:
2306.14811 [pdf]
Eur.Phys.J.Plus(2024)·1 citation

Affiliations

first authorsco-authorsvia INSPIRE